Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending教学设计和教学实录

Unit 2

Sailing the oceans—Reading Step 1 Warming up

Warming up by leaning about navigator What is a navigator? What is exploration? Warming up by talking about Zheng He's Seven Voyages In July 11, 1405, the eunuch Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty royal court set out on his first overseas voyage. Warming up by looking and listening Hello, class. Do you know this man? Yes, he is Marco Polo. Marco Polo (1254-1324), is probably the most famous Westerner traveled on the Silk Road. He excelled all the other travelers in his determination, his writing, and his influence. His journey through Asia lasted 24 years. He reached further than any of his predecessors, beyond Mongolia to China. He became a confidant of Kublai Khan (1214-1294). He traveled the whole of China and returned to tell the tale, which became the greatest travelogue. Step 2 Pre-reading

What are navigational instruments?

●Navigational instruments were built in the age of exploration to guide the explorers to their destinations. ●navigational instrument - an instrument used for navigating

◇

artificial horizon, flight indicator, gyro horizon - a navigational instrument based on a gyroscope; provides an artificial horizon for the pilot ◇

compass - navigational instrument for finding directions ◇

depth finder - navigational instrument used to measure the depth of a body of water (as by ultrasound or radar) ◇

inclinometer - an instrument showing the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizon ◇

instrument - a device that requires skill for proper use ◇

asdic, echo sounder, sonar - a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return; sonar is an acronym for sound navigation ranging; asdic is an acronym for anti-submarine detection investigation committee

Step 3 Reading

Read the text SAILING THE OCEANS on page 12 to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions. SAILING THE OCEANS

We may well wonder/ how seamen explored the oceans/ before latitude /and longitude made it possible /to plot a ship's position/ on a map．The voyages of travelers/ before the 17th century /show that /they were not at the mercy of the sea /even though they did not have modern navigational aids．So/ how did they navigate so well? Read these pages/ from an encyclopedia．

Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank. While sailing the _____1___we may make use of both the nature ___2___ the navigational instruments to help.

By making use of the ____3___ to help, it is meant that we could either ____4____ alongside the coastline, __5___use celestial bodies like the north star, the sun and the clouds, __6___ use wildlife such as seaweed, birds, ___7__ use the weather such as fog and winds, __8___ use the sea.

By using ___9__ instruments to help it is meant __10___ we could manage to sail either by finding longitude __11___by finding latitude by means of the Bearing Circle, the Astrolabe, the Quadrant __12___ the Sextant. (Key: 1.oceans 2.and 3.nature 4.keep 5.or 6.or 7.or 8.or 9.navigational 10.that 11.or 12.and ) Comprehension questions 1. What is the main topic of this passage? A. The voyages of the travelers before the 17th century B. How to plot a ship’s position on a map

C. How did ancient men navigate so well D. Use nature to aid navigation 2. Ancient navigators use navigational instruments to help them A. find celestial bodies. B. predict the weather. C. explore the sea. D. find latitude 3. The author of the passage implies that the ancient navigators were

A. hard-working. B. brave. C. intelligent. D. energetic

4. According to the passage,

A. the ancient accomplished navigators were able to use South Star to plot their positions．

B. Sea birds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen．

C. Wise seamen used the snows to direct their sailing．

D. The sextant proved to be the most accurate and reliable of these early navigational instruments．

(Key: BDCB ) Notes to the special sentences , rather than trying to do it on your own? 7.The earliest，the astrolabe，was a special all-in-one tool for telling the position of the

ship in relation to the sun and various stars which covered the whole sky．

一、句首使用动词原形

1. —What should I do with this passage?

—_____ the main idea of each paragraph. （2005重庆卷）

A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out

析：该句省略了主语，复原后整个句子应为：You should find out the main idea of each paragraph.正确答案为C。

2. —English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?

—Yes. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004上海卷）

A. Know B. Knowing

C. To know

D. Known

二、句首使用to-v短语形式

______ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.（2001北京春季卷）

A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept

_____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin. （2002上海卷）

A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed

1. ____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. （2005湖北卷）

A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated

2. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university. （2002上海卷）

A. lacked

B. lacking of

C. lacking

D. lacked in

1. ____ in the mountains for a week, the two students are finally saved by the local police.（2005江苏卷）

A. Having lost B. Lost

C. Being lost D. Losing

2. ____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.（2005上海卷）

A. Put

B. Putting

C. Having put

D. Being put

____, the more expensive the camera is, the better its quality.（2005全国卷III）

A. General speaking B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking

D. Speaking generally