Learning about Language多媒体教案及点评

V-ing作主语和宾语

一．概念

to do

非谓语动词

doing

done 二．V-ing 形式作主语

1. 直接置于句首

(1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do．

捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。

(2)Learning new words is very important for me．

学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

(3)Talking is easier than doing.

说比做容易。

2.

ing短语后置,常出现在一些固定结构中：

no use

no good

no fun

It’s +

a shame

+ doing

a waste of time/money

useless

dangerous

hardly/scarcely worth

worthwhile

There is no + doing...

There is no use doing sth.

There is no sense in dong sth. Tips: 1)动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Reading books widens our knowledge. 2)动名词的被动式（being done),也可当主语。

Being laughed at is a painful thing. 3) 动名词的否定式，是在doing前加上not. Not working hard will result in failure. 4) 动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语。在意义上相近。动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象或习惯性动作；不定式多用来表示特指或某次具体的动作。

_____(Walking/To walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

三．V-ing形式作宾语

1.S. + vt.+ doing

avoid, miss, delay / postpone suggest / advise, finish, practise

enjoy/appreciate,

imagine/fancy,

resist/can’t help

admit , deny,

envy

escape,risk,pardon/excuse, forgive

stand , keep, mind 3.

S+介词短语+doing

look forward to, be used to, devote to, stick to, lead to 4.

某些词后既可加不定式又可加动名词，但意义截然不同,如：

go on to do (做完一件事后)接着做另一件事

go on doing 继续做（原来做的事）

After a break, the teacher went on ____ (to give /giving) his lesson

remember to do 记着要做

（动作未发生）

remember doing

记得做过（动作已发生）

I remembered to post the letter.

我要记住把信寄出去。（未寄）

I remembered posting/having post the letter. 我记得把信寄出去。

（已寄）

forget to do 忘了去做

（没做）

forget doing/having done

忘记以前曾做过

（做过忘了）

I forgot to post the letter. 我忘了去寄信。(没寄）

I forgot posting/having post the letter. 我忘了曾寄过信了。(寄了，但忘了）

regret to do (say/tell/inform/announce…)

遗憾地… (对将要做的事抱歉)

regret doing/having done

后悔做了…(对已经发生的事感到后悔) I regret ______ (say) I can’t come.

I regret _______(spend) so much money the

on car. mean to do

打算做（主语一般是人）

mean doing

意味着（主语一般是物）

You really mean _____ (go) Being late means _____ (wait) for another hour. try to do

设法

/尽力/努力去做

try doing

尝试着去做（看有何结果）

Since the front door won’t open, why not try _____ (open) the back door? Try _____ (write) better in

your exam. stop to do

停下来做（另一件事）

stop doing 停止做（原来做的事）

He stopped ____ (say) to his teacher on the way. When the bell rang, we stopped ______ (talk) can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做

can’t help doing

禁（忍）不住做

I can’t help ______

(cook). I’m too busy.

On hearing joke, they couldn’t help _____(laugh).

be used to do

被用来做

be used to doing 习惯于/适应于

Wood is used to ____ (make) paper. He has been used to_______ (get) up early. 动名词表示被动意义: 动词

need, require, want, deserve 表示“需要”时，其后跟动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。

即: need/want/require+ doing

=need/want/require+ to be done The door needs/wants/requires _______(repair)