Learning about Language教学设计一等奖

Unit 2 Working the land Part 2 Teaching Resources 第二部分

教学资源

Section 2 Notes to difficult sentences from Unit 2

1.

What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?（Warming up）

本句是一个非真实条件句，表示对将来的假设。如：

If you came round at about seven tonight, it would be all right. ( 实际上来不了。) 2.

Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1931, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.

句中Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1931是过去分词短语做状语，如：

Left alone at home, the girl began to cry.

3.

These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.

句中increased是过去分词，在句中做定语修饰harvests，又如：

a developed country

an experienced worker a printed book

a deserted island 如果是过去分词短语则要放在被修饰词语的后面，如：

a present given by his friend

a glass broken by the boy a bag stolen by a thief

4.

Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.

句中Using his hybrid rice做状语，表原因。又如：

Reading English every morning, he improved his English quickly.

v-ing形式作状语通常表示四种意思：

１）表示原因，相当于一个表示原因的状语从句，多放句首，如：

Being so poor in those days, we couldn't afford to send the boy to hospital. (=As we were so poor...) 那时我们那么穷，我们没有力量送孩子上医院。

２）用作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，多放在句子前部。如：

Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. 她转过身时，看见一辆救护车开了过来。（＝When he turned around, ...）

３）作伴随状语，表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，和谓语动作或状态是同时发生的，一般放在句子后部。如：They sat facing each other. 他们面对面地坐着。

They ran out, talking and laughing. 他们说着笑着跑出去。

４）表示结果状语，通常放在句子后面。如：

The bus stopped suddenly, this causing the delay. 汽车突然停开，造成耽搁。

5.

And he would rather keep time for his hobbies. 1) would rather…than…或would…rather than…其前后必须用相同的语法单位。如：

I'd rather have the red one than (have)the green one. 我宁愿要红的，不愿要绿的。

I'd take the slowest train rather than go there by air.我宁可乘坐最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那儿。

He would rather walk than drive. 他宁愿步行不愿开车。

I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去。

I'd call her hair chestnut rather than brown.我宁愿说她的头发是栗色，而不是棕色。

【注意】I'd rather +动词原形，通常意为“我宁愿”，相当于“I'd prefer to…”，具有选择意义，即“宁愿做……不愿做……”。但是，当后接动词like, enjoy, appreciate时，rather是一个程度副词，象quite和fairly一样无选择意义，所以I'd rather like不是“我宁愿喜欢”，而是“我相当（很）喜欢”。试比较下列句子：

“I'd rather like a cup of coffee.”

“Oh, would you? I'd rather have a beer.”

“我很想来杯咖啡。”“噢，是吗？我宁愿喝杯啤酒。”

We would rather appreciate your help. 我们非常感谢你的帮助。

Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶还是咖啡？

He would rather enjoy seeing a film on Sundays. 他很喜欢在星期天看场电影。

2）在would rather前后可用不同的主语来表示某人宁愿让另一个人做某事，这时，一般用过去时来表示现在或将来要做的事。如：

“Shall I open a window? ”“I'd rather you didn't.”

“我开一扇窗好吗”“你最好别开。”

Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you came next weekend.明天别来，我希望你下周末来。

I'd rather you told me the truth. 我宁愿你给我讲实话。

I'd rather you went home now. 我愿意让你现在就回家。

3）谈到过去的动作，用过去完成时。如：

I'd rather you hadn't done that.我真希望你没做过那件事。

I'd wish you had answered the question. 我真希望你回答了这个问题。

I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我希望你没做过那件事。

4) rather than此处是介词短语，意思是“与其”、“不是”，相当于instead of。如：

I think you, rather than Mary, is to be punished.我认为该受惩罚的是你，而不是玛丽。

Rather than fish, we'll have fried eggs and meat for lunch.今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而没有鱼。

The colour seems green rather than blue.这颜色看上去是绿的，而不是蓝的。

I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 任何事情我总是喜欢早点做，不要到最后。

I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。

6.

He used to walk to his rice fields twice a day, but now he prefers to rice his motorcycle.

句中used to表示过去习惯做的事情，而现在不做了。如：

He used to be an actor. (现在不是演员了) He used to swim in winter, but now he is addicted to Kung fu.

would表示过去的倾向性，习惯性动作，意为“总是”。如：

When we worked in the same company, he would drop in on me on his way home on Saturdays. 7.

Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.

句中with the hope of 是“有着……的愿望”的意思。如：

He went to the south with the hope of realizing his dream.