Learning about Language教学设计及课堂实录

高中必修三第二单元

Grammar 一、教学目标及其解析

了解并掌握动词-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法。

二、教学目标及解析

1. 学生能够识别动词-ing形式在句子中作主语或宾语，并能够使用这种结构。

2. 学生能够区分某些常用动词后面跟不定式作宾语还是动词-ing形式作宾语。

三、问题诊断分析

在本节课的教学中，学生可能遇到的问题是对动词的-ing形式作主语或宾语不能形成感性的认识。解决的办法是利用大量的例句进行控制性练习，引导学生总结该语法结构的特点和用法。

四、教学支持条件：多媒体

五、教学过程

1、问题和题例：

动名词

构成：V原形+ing 特点：兼有名词和动词的作用和特征

1、动名词没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。

2、动名词具有n., a.,的句法功能，因此在句子中可以作主语，宾语，表语，定语，

3、动名词还保留有动词的特征，因此它可以有自己的宾语和状语。动名词和它的宾语或状语一起构成动名词短语，如：

studying English 4、动名词有时态和语态的变化，以行为动词do为例填写下列表格：

语态

主动态

被动态

时态

一般式

完成式

说明：动名词时态和语态的含义

1、一般式表示动名词的动作是与谓语动词的动作是同时发生。

His coming will be of great use to us. ( His coming与谓语动词will be of的动作同时发生) 译：

No one likes being laughed at. (being laughed at与谓语动词likes同时发生) 译：

2、完成式表示动名词的动作先于谓语动词的动作之前发生。

I’m sorry for not having told you about it. (not having told发生在谓语动词’m sorry之前)

译：

3、当句子的主语是动名词的动作的逻辑宾语时，动名词用被动语态。

No one likes being laughed at. (句子的主语No one 是laugh at的逻辑宾语，所以动

1

名词用被动语态being laughed at) 用法：

1/作主语

Reading in bed _____(is/are) not good for your eyes. 译：

It_____(is/are) no use arguing with him. 译：

说明：1/动名词作主语多表示抽象动作或习惯性动作

2/动名词作主语谓语动词用单数。

2/作宾语

Would you mind my closing the door? 译：

I’ve just finished reading this magazine. 译：

3/作表语

His job is building houses. 译：

说明：动名词作表语多表示主语的具体内容。

4/作定语

a swimming pool, a walking stick 说明：动名词作定语多说明所修饰词的用途。a swimming pool= a pool for swimming

a walking stick=a stick for walking

使用动名词时要注意以下几种情况：



1有些动词只能跟动名词作宾语，

如：finish, enjoy, practise, mind, admit, appreciate, avoid, consider(考虑) miss(错过), delay（推迟）, dislike, hate, escape, imagine, keep, risk, resist, suggest, etc. 另外，

在下列动词词组后须跟动名词作宾语，如：be used to（习惯于）, look forward to, devot …to（献身于，专心致志于）, stick to, object to(反对), get down to, have difficulty/trouble/problem (in), be busy, put off(=delay), can’t help（情不自禁）, can’t stand（无法忍受）, give up, go on, feel like（想要）, keep on, insist on, spend/waste time/money (in) My sister enjoys playing computer games.译：

Do you feel like taking a walk with me after supper? 译：



2有些动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语

如：want, hope, offer, prefer, agree, plan, refuse, know, promise, happen, learn, pretend, help, manage, afford等。

I happened to meet my cousin in the street yesterday. 译：



3有些动词既可跟动词不定式作宾语又可跟动名词作宾语，二者区别很大。请翻译下列短语：

1)forget to do sth.

forget doing sth.

2) remember to do sth.

remember doing sth.

3)regret to do sth.

regret doing sth.

4)stop to do sth.

stop doing sth.

5)try to do sth.

try doing sth.

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6)mean to do sth.

mean doing sth.

7)can’t help to do sth.

can’t help doing sth.

六、课堂小结

有些动词既可跟动词不定式作宾语又可跟动名词作宾语，二者意义区别不大

begin/start/continue/learn He began to learn English at the age of six.= He began learning English at the age of six. 说明：但在下列情况下只能跟动词不定式作宾语：

1）主语是物时It started

(to rain/raining). You’d better take an umbrella with you. 2）start, begin本身是v-ing时She is beginning

(to feel/feeling)better. 3）当宾语是表示情感、思维和意念的词(understand, like, love, realize, etc.)时

eg. He began

(to realize/realizing) the dangerous situation.

5 care/like/love/prefer等后接动词不定式作宾语时，多指具体的一次性的行为；接动名词作宾语时，多指一般的倾向；

eg. I love playing table tennis.(一直以来喜欢打乒乓球，是我的爱好)

I love to play table tennis. (说话者强调此时此刻喜欢打乒乓球，) 注意：在I’d like/love/prefer后只能用动词不定式作宾语

6 介词的宾语多用动名词充当；

eg He is fond of swimming. 注意：在个别介词后可用

“疑问词+不定式”作宾语

eg He has his own idea of how to do it.

七、

目标检测

请写出动名词的四个特点：

1.

2.

3.

4.

八、配餐练习

A组题：

1. -Can I smoke here?

-Sorry. We don’t allow

here. A. people smoking

B. people smoke

C. to smoke

D smoking

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2. I can’t

stand

with Jane in the same office. She just refuses

talking while she works.

A. working; stopping

B. to work; stopping

C. working; to stop

D. to work; to stop 3. – There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.

-My goodness! I can’t imagine

that old.

A. to be

B. to have been

C. being

D. having been 参考答案：D;C;C B组题：

1. The harder you study, the more questions you will think of

. A. asking

B. to ask

C. being asked

D. to be asked 2. The Smiths consider

a computer, which is commonly considered

a great help in their work and study. A. to buy; to be

B. buying; to be

C. to buy; being

D. buying; being 3. This plan will be prevented

. A. carrying out B. from carrying out C. being carried out D. from being carried out 参考答案：B;B;D C组题：

There are various way to get relaxed for middle school students．One way is take exercise, walking, running, playing basketball or football, etc．We can either watch TV, where we are able to enjoy varieties of colorful programs both in Chinese and English as well as．Moreover, we can surf the Internet to get some relaxation and entertainment．

As for me, surfing the Internet appeal to me most．For one thing, the Internet offered a wide range of activities for relaxation．In general, I keep track of the latest news as a enjoyment．Sometimes, I play computer games to refresh me．For another, the Internet makes it easy for me to make friends with people at home and at abroad, for it is a great joy to communicate with them．In addition, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and living videos on the Internet contributes to regaining my energy．

参考答案：

1．【答案】第一行way改为ways。various表“各种各样的”，后面接可数名词时，

4

需用复数形式。

2．【答案】第一行is后添加to。此处用动词不定式作表语。

3．【答案】第二行either改为also。这个句子是肯定句，所以需用also。

4．【答案】第三行well后的as去掉。后面没有接成分，所以as多余。as well在此是副词。

5．【答案】第四行appeal改为appeals。surfing the Internet是动名词短语作主语，所以需用第三人称单数形式。

6．【答案】第四行offered改为offers。本文是现在时态。

7．【答案】第五行a改为an。enjoyment是以元音音素开头的单词，需用an修饰。

8．【答案】第五行me改为myself。主语是I，所以此处需用反身代词。

9．【答案】第六行at去掉。at home and abroad是固定短语，表“国内外”之意。

10．【答案】第七行living改为live。此处是看直播，所以用live，表“现场直播的”之意。

九、教学反思

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