Learning about Language公开课教学设计模版

Unit 2 Working the land Period 2

Learning about Language（新人教版必修4）

赵顺荣

The General Idea of This Period This period is about the useful words,expressions and structures learned in the reading part,from the exercises in this period,the students can consolidate what they learnt in the reading part,and learn the grammar about the -ing form as

Learn how to use the -

Learn to use the -ing form as a subject as well as an

T

Asking-and-answering activity to check the students’ answers of the exercises;individual,pair or group work to

Teaching Aids

A multi-media computer

Three Dimensional Teaching Aims

L

trial,consider,prove,tell the truth,pretend,think highly

I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber

Besides,my father once told me that any person who finds something could

Help the students learn how to use the -

Enable the students to learn how to make judgments and give

The teacher may lead the students to sum up some grammatical

Through the studying of this part the students will know more about the -ing form as a noun.Besides,their ability of transference

2.Ask the students to use the first person to retell the passage about Dr Yuan,and ask them to try to use the proper

T:From the reading part,we can find some useful words and expressions.So now please find the words and expressions that

After two minutes,the teacher begins to check the answers and

Suggested an

1.sunburnt

2.hunger

3.rid...of

4.expand

5.circulate

6.lead a...life

7.would rather

8.thanks to

9.struggle

T:Now Let’s come to Ex.2.Please complete the passage with words and expressions from the previous sections,then I’ll ask you to gi

After several minutes,the teacher ask the students to give

1.prove

2.would rather

3.live a

4.life

5.rid

6.of

7.output

8.increased

T:How about Ex.3,have you found the answers?I’d like to ask

1.super

2.satisfied

3.strain

4.exported

5.suitable

T:Let’s come to discovering useful structures,at first let’s finish the exercises in this part.Do you know what does “ even

S:

T:Very good!Now please rewrite the sentences in Ex.2 on Page

After five minutes,the teacher checks the answers.(Ss answer

5.Getting rid of hunger is very important in some African

T:Do you think it’s very easy to learn about the -ing form as the subject?But how about the -ing form as the object?Now I’d like to ch

2.He continued doing research until a better strain of rice was

3.Many city kids look forward to vi

6.I remember meeting the scientist while he was in Beijing last

T:Today,we are going to learn the v.-ing as a noun.So at first who can tell me what a noun can be used as in a sentence?And

S:It can be used as subject.For example:Smoking is harmful to

T:Now I think you have known how to use the v.-ing

as subject.But how abou

S:It can also be used as object.For example:I have forgotten

T:You are right.The v.-ing form can be used as object,too.Now let’s come to know more about it.

T:Very good.(The teacher may give a systematical explanation of the g

3.Finish the exercises about the -ing form as the subject and

The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard Unit 2

Working the land Period 2

Learning about language 1.chemical adj.化学的;关于化学的

chemistry n.化学

2.Phrases that can be used with the -

be good at;care (little) about;dream of;devote...to;see the

Record after Teaching

Activities and Research When leading in the grammar part,you may give the students some examples about the -ing form as a noun and encourage the students to sum up the grammatical rules.Then the teacher may ask the students to make up as many sentences as possible to

Reference for Teaching

动名词

一、概述

和不定式一样,动名词也是非谓语动词的一种,它通常由动词原形加-ing构成。动名词有主动和被动两种语态,有一般式,完成式和进行式三种形式。如下表所示: 时

态

语

态

主动

doing having done having been doing 被动

being done having been done 无

一般式

完成式

完成进行式

动名词仍保留有动词的特征,可以和自己的逻辑主语、宾语和状语等构成动名词短语。动名词具有名词的功能,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

二、动名词的时态和语态形式

1.动名词的时态形式①一般式

动名词的一般式表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作同时发生,或者表示一种无时间性限制的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。

他喜欢用英语写信。

许多年轻人喜欢踢足球。

②完成式

动名词的完成式表示动作或状态先于谓语动词的动作或状态,如

他们为没能帮上你的忙而遗憾。

他写完信,就去寄它了。

她后悔没有看到那部电影。

③完成进行式

动名词的完成进行时表示动作发生于谓语动作之前,并一直持续到谓语动词的动作发生之时,或继续。如

原谅我打扰你这么久。

2.动名词的被动式

当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的承受者时,用被动式。如他从窗口爬进去,没有被人发现。

She needs to work without being disturbed (=without people disturb

她要在无人干扰的情况下才能工作。

动名词的被动语态分成一般式和完成式两种。如

铁路在兴建中。

After having kept a prisoner in the Bastille for many

曼奈特医生被关在巴士底监狱许多年后,最近获释。

特别提示:-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义

在want,need,deserve,require 等动词后,总是用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于“to be+过去分词”。如

我的手表需要修理。

The house wants cleaning.这房屋需要打扫。

在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样。如

The film is worth seeing.这部影片值得一看。

The place is worth visiting.那个地方值得一游。

三、动名词的否定式

动名词的否定式通常是在动名词前加否定词not。例如

我没能遵守诺言,十分抱歉。

我很抱歉不能帮助你。

1.作主语

动名词作主语时,句子有两种形式(1)动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。

Playing tricks on others is something we should 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。

学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

Talking is easier than doing。说比做容易。

(2)用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词,如useful,useless,good,fun，no use,worth等。例如It is useless trying to a和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。

这事值得去做。

想再解释一次有好处吗

跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。

(3)在there be结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do...”。例如There is no hiding o若要人不知,除非己莫为。

There is no joking about such matter。

这种事开不得玩笑。

无法知道他什么时候离开。

注意:动名词与不定式作主语时的比较

动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。例如

As a child,she felt that visiting sick people was a duty

还是个孩子的时候,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。

Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience

到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。

什么也不做就是作恶。

他说:“继续这样下去是无用的。It’s an 我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。

归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有

It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的

It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的

It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得

It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的

There is no doing 无法……,不允许

There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理

There is/was no use doing 干……无意义

There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的

There is/was no point doing 干……无意义

我们不知道要去哪儿。

There is no point doing suc做这件傻事毫无意义。

注意:There is no need to do sth.干……没必要,在此句式中to do 不可换为doing。

There is no need to tell her.没有必要告诉她。

提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。

我姐姐病了,使我很担心。

Your being right doesn’t necessarily mean my being

你正确未必就意味着我错了。

2.作动词的宾语

动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。

（1）只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,cannot help,imagine,mind,miss,practise,cannot stand等。如

I can’t avoid going.我不能不去。

你是否考虑过找一位挚友

我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。

晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗

People couldn’t help laughing foolish

人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。

这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,give up,put off,risk等。

（2）既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget,remember,hate等。

A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后,用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。例如I c我考虑要去,可是我要写这篇作文。

I enjoy learning about new things from politics to sports

我喜欢从政治、体育及音乐等方面学习新的事情。

We believe that many more people will prefer to travel by

我们相信将会有更多的人喜欢乘坐飞机旅行。

在would like／love／prefer之后,只能用不定式。例如I’d prefer to do that tomorrow.这事我想明天再做。

我倒是想去购物,但又不想白天去。

我想让你见一见张医生。

噢,我倒是想做个参赛者。

B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。例如

Jazz started developing in the 1920s in the Southern

20年代爵士音乐在美国南部各州开始发展。

船体开始出现漏洞,并开始进水。

Hank started to walk through the carriages to get back to

汉克开始走回他自己坐的车厢。

Journalists have to stop working on one story and start

新闻记者不得不停下手中所写的,立刻开始写最新的重要新闻。

当begin/start 与see,think,feel,understand等动词连用时,用不定式。例如

They began to understand how impo他们开始明白森林有多么重要。

begin/start用进行式时,只能后接不定式。例如

I was beginning to wonder if it was easy enough to go on

我开始想继续往上爬会不会越来越难。

我又开始长胖了。

C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,例如

我记得我已把信寄了。

我会记着去寄信的。

我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。

不要忘了给你母亲写信。

I regret missing the r我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。

我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。

D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如try to do (设法),try doing (试试),mean to do (打算,有意要做),mean doing (意思是,意味着)。例如

我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

Let’s try do别的方法做这工作试试。

我并不想叫你生气。

你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。

E.go on doing 和

我们用go on doing继续做一直在做的事;go on to do接着做另一件事。例如

Please go on doing the same exercise.请接着做这同一个练习。

Please go on to do the other exercise.请做另外一个练习。

F.stop doing与

stop doing停止做,stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如

We stopped talking.我们停止了交谈。

We stopped to talk.我们停了下来去谈话。

3.作介词的宾语

动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。

A.介词+动名词,如

We’ve got to think of wa我们得想些办法改变人们的习惯。

我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。

After being away for several years,it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and brought

离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪。

B.动词+介词+动名词,例如

我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。

同学们脸上没有笑容,相反都做了怪脸。

她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。

下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:devote to,object to,pay attention to,get down to,lead to,look forward to,stick to,be used to等。