Learning about Language公开课教案（教学设计）

Unit3 Computers (grammar：the present perfect passive voice)

庄淑燕

Knowledge aims:

Get students to learn what the present perfect passive voice is and its structure. Ability aims: Enable students to master the usage of the present perfect passive voice and use them in real context, such as writing and speaking and translation Emotional aims:

Play a game using the present perfect passive voice to make learning grammar more interesting and put what they learn into practice. Teaching important﹠

difficult points：

How to teach Ss to master the usage of the present perfect passive voice Remember the correct form of the present perfect passive voice and its usage Teaching methods: Teach grammar in real situations Learn grammar through practice Teaching aids: Multimedia and a blackboard Teaching procedures：

Step1: Lead in

一、Revision

1.

一般将来时被动语态的构成形式Will/shall

+be

+

V过去分词

2.

否定句和疑问句

3.

be going to be +V过去分词

4.

be to be +V过去分词

5.

Doing some exercise The students of class one will clean the playground. The playground will be cleaned by the students of class one.

We are going to hold a meeting on Saturday afternoon. A meeting is going to be held (by us) on Saturday afternoon. The twins are to repair the machine tomorrow.

The machine is to be repaired (by the twins) tomorrow.

1

The host will give the winner a computer as the prize. 获胜者将被赠予一台电脑作为奖励.

The winner will be given a computer as the prize (by the host). 一台电脑将被赠给获胜者作为奖励. A computer will be given (by the host) to the winner as the prize. Step2:Lead in 

Are you familiar with these computers? Can you call them? desktop PC

laptop/ notebook

palmtop WW PC wrist-worn/wearable PC 1.A wrist-worn PC

has

been invented recently. 2.A pen-like computer has

already

been

developed. 

Can you make more sentences similar to the sentences above?

“have/has been done ?”

A calculating machine; replace 

A calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop. The buildings; destroy ; earthquake 

The buildings have been destroyed in an earthquake

Step2: Grammar analysis 

Discovery Do the underlined parts have something in common? 1.

A calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop. 2.

The buildings have been destroyed in an earthquake. 3. The sports meeting has already been held in our school.

has/have

been

done 现在完成时

被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态



现在完成时的被动语态的用法

1.表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果. The door has been locked.

2

2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中. The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. How long has the machine been used?

现在完成时的标志:recently /already/yet for+一段时间

/since+时间点



句型

He has been sent to study the new technology in the company. 否定句: He has not been sent to study the new technology in the company. 一般疑问句:

Has he been sent to study the new technology in the company? 特殊疑问句:

Where has he been sent to study the new technology? Step3: Correct mistakes

1.They not have finished the homework which should be finished yesterday.

2.Does the new program have been developed for the robot?

3.How many have teachers been interviewed for the job? Step4:现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题

1.请注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即have/has和been,两者缺一不可。

2. 请注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系. The bridge was built last year.

这桥是去年建成的。

The bridge has been built.

这桥已经建好了。

注意:

1. 副词的位置

3

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如:

[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.

[正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态

1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：

[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.

[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

[误] The door has been opened of itself.

[正] The door has opened of itself. 3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：

The SARS patients have been taken good care of. 4.巩固练习

1)

－How many times______ not to play with fire?

－I’m sorry. I’ll never do that again.

A. do you tell B. had you told

C. are you told D. have you been told

2)

The fire _______ to the fifth floor. _______ all the people _______?

A. has got; Have; been saved B. has been got; Have; saved

C. has got; Do; save

D. has got; Have; saved 3)

Do you know the thief ______ by the police?

A.

has caught B. has been catching C. was caught D. has been caught 5.请注意一些特殊动词,如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则需改换动词或时态。如:

[误] How long has this book been bought?

4

[正] How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。如: No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来,没有人来买过书。

4)

This is one of the happiest days ______ spent in my life. A. that have ever been B. that have never been C. which was ever D. which we have never 5)

When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_____ yet. A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided Step5:practice 

---How long _____ at this job?

--- Since 1990.

A. were you employed

B. have you been employed

C. had you been employed

D. will you be employed

2.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___yet.

(2003 上海春季) A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided 3. All the preparations for the task___, and we’re ready (2000 北京春季) A.

completed

B. complete

C. had been completed

D. have been completed

8. All the preparations for the project _______, And we’re ready to start.

A.

completed

B. had been completed

C. complete

D. have been completed 9. Great changes

________ in the city , and a lot of

factories

________.

A.

have been taken place

; have been set up

to start. 5

B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 10.The book ________ under the bench for two days. A.

has put

B has been lying

C. has been put

D. has been laid 1.现在完成时被动语态肯定句

主语+has/ have been +P.P.+...(P.P.=动词的过去分词形式) Her motorbike has been stolen.她的摩托车被盗了。

All the offices have been linked by computer.所有的售票处由计算机联网工作。

2.现在完成时被动语态否定句

主语+has/ have +not+ been+ P.P.+... The task has not been finished yet. 任务尚未完成。

Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company. 这家公司并没有培养多少熟练工人。

3.现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句

[句型1]Has he(she, it,单数名词)+been+P.P.+...? Has a new computer been bought?买了一台新电脑吗? Have they been sent abroad to study Eng-lish?他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?

4.现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句

疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ P.P.+...? What has been bought by Tom?汤姆已经买了什么东西? Who have been helped by the new computer?谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助? How many buildings have been built in this school?这所学校已经建造了多少座大楼?

Where has the car been repaired?这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?



Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Example: I

have read this book many times.

This book has been read many times .

6

1. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.

2. This company has produced

new types of computers. 3. They have interviewed several teachers for the job. 4. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s

cellphone.

5. They have developed some programmes for the human resource department of their company. 

. Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Put the verbs into correct form. Recently we have bought a new personal computer. We have used the computer every day since we bought it. We have just joined our computer to the Internet. However, we have found many problems with it. So we have decided to ask a professional man to fix it.

Soon he has fixed the computer. He has built a PC way we wanted . How excited we are! These days we have written a lot of E-mails on the computer. We have decided to write a report about the positive and the negative effects of using computers. Step6:Play a game:What has been decided Get into groups of four. Your task is to decide what has been decided for the class .Take turns to make the ideas as interesting or as lively as you can. Example: S1: It has been decided that those who do not do heir homework will be asked to return to school on Saturday.

S2:It has been decided that those who keep the classroom tidy should be allowed to go home early everyday. S3:It has been decided …

S4:…

Collect the ones you all like best and be prepared to tell them to the class.

Step7:Homework: 1.

Review what we learned in this class. 2.

Finish the exercises.

7