Using LanguageⅠ优质教案设计

Unit 4 Exploring plants Knowledge points 1．Collecting “exotic”plants, as they are called, dates back to the earliest times.

date back to (date from)

追溯到…

This church dates back to the 13th century. These societies dated as far back as a century. 相关短语 to date: so far; up to now out of date: no longer fashionable up to date (up-to-date): modern; fashionable Fix/ make a date 定约会的日子

date sb. to dance 约某人去跳舞

2．civilization n. （1）开化；教化

The civilization of mankind has taken place thousands of years. （2）(一个民族, 国家或时期的) 文化和生活方式

the civilization of ancient Egypt and Babylon （3）文明的环境；文明社会

live far from civilization 在远离文明的地方生活

3．distant adj. （1）远处的 Here came the distant sound of traffic. （2）冷淡的；疏远的 distant attitude 疏远的态度

（3）[作定语] 远亲的

She is a distant cousin of mine. distance n. in the distance

at a distance 在远处

keep sb. at a distance 4．goods （1）

货物；商品 (expensive, low-quality, cotton, leather) goods The demand for goods and services is lower this year. （2）movable property 动产

stolen goods 赃物

consumer goods come up with the goods/ deliver the goods 满足他人的要求, 履行诺言

Tony makes a lot of promises but rarely comes up with the goods.

5．However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale.

（1）it was not until …that… 直到……才……

It was not until the 1880s that there were consistent experimental findings to support his theory. 含有not until结构的句子放在句首时,主句要用倒装结构。

Scale:

（1）规模；程度；范围

a large-scale business operation

Many companies are now expanding to benefit from economies of scale. （2）等级；标准

The force of the wind is measured on a standard scale of 0-12. （3）刻度；标度

The ruler has one scale in centimeters and one scale in inches. （4）天平；磅秤scale(s) Put it on/in the scales. （5）比例；比例尺

The plan of the building was drawn to scale. The map has a scale of one centimeter to the kilometer on a large scale 大面积的, 大规模的

6．Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease, near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with local people.

勇敢的年轻人借机进行植物探索活动，他们经常面临许多危险，如疾病、挨饿、严酷的环境以及与当地居民的冲突。

（1）often facing…

短语，在本句用作状语，表示“从事植物考察”过程中的伴随情况。dangers后由including引出的短语来修饰。

（2）take the opportunity to do /of doing “抓住机会做某事”. When we were finally alone, I took the opportunity to ask him a few personal questions. I’d like to take this opportunity of thanking everyone for their hard work on the project. They took the opportunity to visit Jane while they were in London. opportunity 机会, 时机

at the earliest/ first opportunity 一有机会(就) at every opportunity 利用一切机会

catch/ take/ seize/miss an opportunity

give/ offer an opportunity 7．conflict （1）n. ①冲突；抵触

conflicts over wage settlements conflict between employers and workers ②战争；战斗

an armed conflict ③(意见, 欲望等) 不合；抵触

a conflict of interests Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence. come into conflict with, in conflict with

（2）vi．

不合；不一致；冲突

conflict with sth. Their description of the events conflicts with ours. 8．set up 建立；创立；竖起；调试；为…做好准备

They want to set up their own company. They set up the camera under the tree. Can you tell me how to set up the radio? 相关短语

set a record set an example

9．accompany

vt. 陪伴；伴奏

Please accompany me on the trip to my home. accompany sth. with/ by sth. 与…同时存在/发生

Strong winds accompanied by heavy rain. 10．anchor

（1）n. 锚；精神支持；新闻节目主持人

weigh anchor 起锚 drop/ cast anchor 抛锚

（2）v．

抛锚；停船；使稳定/固定(常用被动)等

Three tankers were anchored in the harbor. 11.bring back 1) 归还,带回来

All library books must be brought back before June 20. 2) 使回想起

His story brought back our happy childhood together. bring构成的短语

bring about 引起，实现 bring down 减少，打倒；击落

bring forward 提出，提前， bring in 收获，收入，请来，

bring on 引起；使提高 bring out 表现出来，出版，生产

12.

ruin vt.毁灭, 毁掉, 破坏

The rain has ruined the children’s trip.

We took a picture of the ruined cottage. The fire ruined the house. be in ruins 一片废墟, 落空

bring/come to ruin 使毁灭/破产

fall into ruin 已成废墟

五、复习宾语

宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。一般置于及物动词之后。

（一）直接宾语的位置

1．为了强调，宾语可置于句首。如：

Tow weeks you shall have. 2．为了衔接，宾语可以前置

This much we have achieved; but we are not complacent. （三）直接宾语和间接宾语

有些动词可以有两个宾语，直接宾语表示作为动作对象的人或物，间接宾语表示动作的受益者或动作的结果。

1． 间接宾语一般在动词之后，直接宾语之前。

I have found him a place. 2．间接宾语也可置于直接宾语之后，但其前一般须用介词to或for。如：

I gave my address to him. 这种结构更用于以下情况：

（1）突出间接宾语时，

He has taught English to all the youth of India. （2）直接宾语为it或them等代词时。如：

Give it to me. 把它给我。

（3）表示动作对谁做，间接宾语之前就用介词to。如：

I have lent my apartment to a friend. 下列动词由to引出的间接宾语：

advance

award

bring

feed

forward

give

grant hand

leave

lend

mail

offer

owe

pass pay

send serve

write

post

read

rent

repay

sell

show

sing

take

teach

tell （4）表示动作为谁做，间接宾语之前则要用介词for。如：

He left a note for her on the table. 下列动词由for引出的间接宾语：

book

bring

build

buy

cash

cook

cut

design

fetch find

fix

get

guarantee

keep

leave

make

mix

order

paint

pick

play

pour

win prepare

save

set

sing

spare

take

write