Learning about Language教学实录

Book 2 Unit3 Computers Grammar The present perfect passive voice Teaching goals(教学目标) 1.学习现在完成时被动语态的基本结构和句型

2.学习现在完成时被动语态的用法

一、pre-class(课前预习) Task 1. Look at these sentences. Please find the same place. (看这些句子,找出相同的地方) Over time I have changed a lot. I have been used in offices and homes since 1970s. I never forget anything that I have been told. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 相同的地方：

Task 2 . 回顾上节课所学

一般将来时被动

Will/shall be done

二、While-class(课内探究) Lead –in Are you familiar with these computers? (图片展出后用图片用have/has been done 造句) Can you make more sentences similar to the sentences above? Task 3 观察下面句子，学习现在完成时被动语态的基本结构和句型

1)

观察下面句子，看看现在完成时被动语态的基本结构

A calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop. The buildings have been destroyed in an earthquake. A calculating machine has been replaced with the laptop. 基本结构：

have/has been done

2)

现在完成时被动语态的其他句型

He has been sent to study the new technology in the company. He has not been sent to study the new technology in the company. Has he been sent to study the new technology in the company? Where has he been sent to study the new technology? 否定句:

在have /has 后加not

一般疑问句:

have /has 提前

特殊疑问句:

疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ V过去分词.+...?

Task 4. 请观察下列句子，然后学习现在完成时被动语态的用法和注意事项

1）用法

1．The door has been locked. 表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果. 2.The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. How long has the machine been used?

表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中. 请完成练习：

1. Great changes

________ in the city , and a lot of factories

________.

A. have been taken place

; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up

1）

现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题

1.

请注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即have/has和been,两者缺一不可。

2.

请注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系. The bridge was built last year.

这桥是去年建成的。

The bridge has been built.

这桥已经建好了

3.请注意一些特殊动词,如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则需改换动词或时态。如:

[误] How long has this book been bought? [正] How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。如: No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来,没有人来买过书。

4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如：

We’ll start as soon as the work has

been finished.

工作一完成我们就立即动身。

三、Test for goals(目标检测) Task 5 选出最佳选项

1.－How many times______ not to play with fire?

－I’m sorry. I’ll never do that again.

A. do you tell

B. had you told

C. are you told

D. have you been told

2.The fire _______ to the fifth floor. _______ all the people _______?

A. has got; Have; been saved B. has been got; Have; saved

C. has got; Do; save

D. has got; Have; saved 3.Do you know the thief ______ by the police?

A．has caught B. has been catching C. was caught

D. has been caught

4.This is one of the happiest days ______ spent in my life. A. that have ever been

B. that have never been C. which was ever

D. which we have never

5.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_____ yet. A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided 四、小结

Task 6对这节课所学的现在完成时被动语态的基本句型和用法总结

1)现在完成时被动语态的基本结构：主语+have/has been done 否定式：主语+have/has not been done 一般疑问：Have/has +主语+been done? 特殊疑问：特殊疑问词+主语+have/has been done? 2用法

1.

表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

His paper hasn’t been handed in yet. 2.

表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在或将来

His computer has been repaired for two hours. 五、post-class and homework(课后作业) Task 7 完成课后练习，课本

P 21, Discovering useful structures 2 课后反思

1. 反思自己这节课所学，看看自己还有哪些不明白？