归纳与整理PPT配套教学设计内容

一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时

语法专题突破

品味语法

1．I got up early，washed my face，had a quick breakfast and hurried to school. 2．He was watching TV at home from 3∶00 to 5∶00 yesterday afternoon. 3．He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office 自我探究

这三句都使用了过去的时态。第1句是一般过去时，表示“发生在过去的”动作；第2句是过去进行时，表示“在过去某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作”；第3句是过去完成时，表示在“过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作”。

讲解归纳

一、一般过去时

1．表示在确定的过去时间内发生的动作或状态。

Did you watch the football match broadcast on TV yesterday evening？你昨晚观看电视转播的足球赛了吗？

2．表示过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作。

I always got up too late，and never had enough time for breakfast.

我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。

【温馨提示】

这种情况也可用

used to 和

would 表示。

3．描述几个相继发生的过去动作。

The students got up early in the morning，did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air. 学生们起床很早，做早操，然后在室外朗读英语。

4．有时动词的一般过去时形式上为过去，而实际上却指现在，即“原来想的”与现在的实际情况不相符。

I thought you were out.我原以为你出去了。

I didn’t know you were here.我不知道你在这里。

5．since 从句一般用过去时。

She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 自从丈夫死后，她一直过着艰苦的生活。

二、过去进行时

1．表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

This time yesterday we were having an English lesson. 昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。

2．表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。

Shirley was reading a book last night but I don’t know whether she has finished it.

雪莉昨晚一直在看一本书，不过我不知道她现在看没看完。

3．表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的动作，仅用于

come，go，start，leave，stay，arrive 等动词。

He told me he was leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 他告诉我他明天将要去上海。

4．表示礼貌，并不表示过去的时间，而表达现在的客气或礼貌。I was wondering if you could

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help me look up the word “erg”．不知你能否帮我查一下

“erg” 这个单词。

三、过去完成时

1．表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，常用

by，before 等介词短语或状语从句表示。

I had learned maths all by myself by the age of fourteen. 我14岁时就已自学完了数学。

2．表示过去某一时间以前的经历，常与

for，since 引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage.

约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了。

四、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

一般过去时侧重说明发生某动作的事实，表示动作已完成；过去进行时侧重强调某动作的持续过程或动作持续的长度，表示动作未完成。

I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.为避开交通拥堵，我过去有时步行去上班。

He was working from 4 o’clock until supper time.

他从4点一直工作到晚饭时间。

语法专练

Ⅰ.用动词的适当时态填空

1．—Your phone number again？I____________(not catch)it.

—It’s 69568122.

2．The students ____________(write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she

____________(leave) in the office.3．As she ____________ (read) the newspaper，Granny

____________ (fall) asleep.4．He kept looking at her，wondering whether

he____________(see)her somewhere 5．—Professor Liu in our school has become one of the top experts in this field.

—Yes，I know him very well.He once ____________(work) in Africa with wild animals. 6．—How did you damage your car so badly?

—I ____________(run) into a tree yesterday.

—I suppose you ____________(drive) too fast.

答案：1.didn’t catch

2.were writing；had left

3.was reading；fell

4.had seen

5.worked

6.ran；were driving

Ⅱ.单项填空

1．—You speak very good French!

—Thanks.I ________French in Sichuan University for four years.

A．studied

B．study

C．was studying

D．had studied

解析：选A。考查时态。句中我在四川大学学过4年法语是指过去发生过的事情，所以谓语动词用过去式，该题由于有for four years 造成一部分学生作出错误的选择，而选择D项

2．Edward，you play so well.But I ________you played the piano.

A．didn’t know

B．hadn’t known

C．don’t know

D．haven’t known

解析：选A。句意为：爱德华，你弹得好。但我(以前)不知道你弹钢琴。所谈论的是过去的行为，故用过去式。

3．We got to the station at 8∶00，but the train________at 7∶30.

A．left

B．had left

C．was leaving

D．has left

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解析：选A。有具体的过去时间at 7∶30，应用一般过去时态。

4．(2011年南通第一中学质检)John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ________ with them to school.

A．took

B．had taken

C．were taking

D．would take

解析：选B。题干中的suitcase 是指“约翰的父亲和祖父”曾经带去上学的箱子，由此可知此处需用过去完成时。

5．—Hi，if you can’t enjoy that at a sensible volume，please use the earphone.I’m sleeping.

—I’m sorry.I ______ realize it ______ you.

A．don’t；bothers

B．didn’t；bothering

C．don’t；was bothering

D．didn’t；was bothering

解析：选D。表示过去一直打扰着别人，故选D项。

6．I don’t believe you’ve already finished reading the book—I ______ it to you this morning!

A．would lend

B．was lending

C．had lent

D．lent

解析：选D。句意：不相信你已经读完了那本书——今天早晨我才借给你的。根据句中明确的时间状语

this morning 判断用一般过去时。

7．The telephone ______，but by the time I got indoors，it stopped.

A．had rung

B．was ringing

C．rings

D．has rung

解析：选B。句意：电话一直在响，但是我进去以后，它却停了。表示我进入房间之前的时间里电话一直在响，所以用过去进行时。

8．—Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?

—Yes，I did.You know，my brother ______ in the match.

A．is playing

B．was playing

C．has played

D．had played

解析：选B。句意：——你看昨天那场篮球赛了吗？——是的，看了。你知道的，我弟弟也参加了比赛。比赛中“我弟弟在打篮球”是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。

9．We first met on a train in 2000.We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years.

A．knew

B．have known

C．had known

D．know

解析：选C。句意：2000年在火车上我们初次见面。那一刻我们都感到彼此已认识多年。根据句意，从句动作

know 发生谓语动作在之前，故用过去完成时。

10．—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?

—Yes，he did.He ______ his old friends for a long time.

A．didn’t see

B．wouldn’t see

C．hasn’t seen

D．hadn’t seen

解析：选D。句意：——艾伦昨天和老朋友们玩得高兴吗？——是的，很高兴。他已经很久没有见到他的老朋友了。由时间状语

for a long time 知应用完成时，而“很久没有见到朋友”又是昨天之前的事，故用过去完成时。

高考真题：

1.【2012重庆卷】22.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong?

-Well, I____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.

A. will take

B. took

C. had taken

D. take 【考点】动词的时态

【答案】B 【解析】根据答语的后半句可知，现在Kevin正在等待测试的成绩，参加测试为一个过去的动作，应该使用一般过去时态。因此，正确答案为B选项。

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【难度】一般

【知识拓展】一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，也可表示过去某段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。其标志性状语常为in the past, yesterday, just now, the day before yesterday, last week, in 2000, two weeks ago等。

2.【2012辽宁卷】33. Jack is a great talker.

It’s high time that he

something instead of just talking.

A.

will do

B.

has done

C. do

D. did

答案：D 考点：动词时态

解析：在句型“ It’s high/very time that......”中，

从句中国的谓语动词用did或should do. 3. 【2012四川卷】9.—Did you catch what I said?

—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.

A. had answering

B. have answered

C. would answer

D. was answering 【答案与解析】

D

本题考查动词时态。句意为：“你听懂我所说的了吗？”“对不起。我刚刚在回短信。”根据句意及时间状语just now可知，回短信的动作正好是发生在问话人说话的那一时间点，即表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作，故选过去进行时态D。

4.【2012北京卷】30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed. A. had developed

B. was developing C. would develop

D. developed 答案：

D。描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去式。

5. 【2012全国II】14. ---Did you ask Sophia for help?

---I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own. A. wouldn’t

B. don’t

C. didn’t

D. won’t

【答案】C 【解析】句意：---（过去）你向Sophia寻求帮助了吗？---我没有必要向她求助。我自己就很完美的处理了。对话的内容谈论的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

【考点定位】考查动词时态。

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