Using LanguageⅡ教学设计内容推荐

Section_ⅣUsing_Language

Ⅰ.高频单词点击

1．rot vt. & vi.腐烂；腐败

2．evolve vt. & vi.发展；进展；进化→evolution n. 演变；进化→evolutionism n. 进化论；进化说

3．attach vt.缚上；系上；附加

4．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→typicality n．典型性；特征→typically adv. 代表性地

5．delicate adj.精巧的；脆弱的；微妙的→delicately adv.巧妙地；细致地

6．fragrant adj.芬芳的；香的→fragrance n. 香味；芬芳

7．dull adj.不鲜明的；阴暗的→dully adv.萧条地；不景气地

8．fruity adj.果味的；(酒)有葡萄味的

Ⅱ.重点短语必记

1．pass on

进入另一个(活动)阶段；前进；传给后代

2．depend on 依靠；取决于

3．give out 发出(气味、

热等)；分发

Ⅲ.常用句型必备

1．For example，yellow flowers attract bees, while red flower attract butterflies. 2. ...usually the nectar is at the end of a small, narrow tube_whose length is the same as the tongue of a particular species. Ⅳ.功能意念项目

表达情感：惊奇、厌恶(Expressing emotions：wonder，disgust) That's amazing！

What fantastic plants! Wow！How interesting! I think it's fantastic! Oh，yuck! That's disgusting!

1．evolve v．逐步发展；逐渐演变；进化；进化形成

evolve from sth.

evolve into sth. 由某物/从某物进化而来

逐渐形成某物

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The three species evolved from a single ancestor. 这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来。

After billions of years, some species evolved into their present forms. 几十亿年之后，一些物种才演变成了它们现在的形式。

evolution n．

evolutionary adj. 进化；演变

进化的，演变的

The teacher is explaining the theory of evolution to the students. 老师正在给学生们解释进化论。

[即境活用1]

完成句子

(1)他经过多年的研究，总结出了新的理论。

He evolved_a_new_theory after many years of research. (2)他们要从大量庞杂的证据中推断出有用的信息。

They should evolve_the_useful_information_from a mass of confused evidence. 2．attach vt.缚上；系上；附加

attach ...to ...

把……固定(附在)……上

attach importance/significance/value to sth. 认为……有重要性

attach to (或意义、价值等) 与……有联系/关联

Please attach a recent photo to your application form. 请在申请表上贴一张近期照片。

I attach great importance to this research. 我认为这项研究十分重要。

attached adj.

be attached to 依恋的；附加的

附着于；依恋

What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth. 物体附着在地球上的强度决定了事情的发生倾向。

[即境活用2]

完成句子

(1)我们大家都非常重视英语学习。

All of us attach_great_importance_to the English learning. (2)我依恋故乡的一草一木。

I am_attached_to every tree and bush in my hometown. (3)此次意外事故与他无关。

No blame attaches_to him for the accident. 3．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；一向如此的

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be typical of ... 是典型的……；是……的特点

It is typical of sb. to do sth. 做……是某人的特点；某人一向如此

typically adv. 典型地，有代表性地

It was typical of him to be so rude. 他一向都是这样粗鲁无礼。

Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. 研究人员发现一个家庭的前两个孩子之间与第二个和第三个孩子之间有更加明显的差异。

[即境活用3]

完成句子/句型转换

(1)起初发烧是这病的特征；但是它总是要几个星期才显现出来。

At first, fever is_typical_of the disease, but it typically takes several weeks to appear. (2)Typically, he is ready to help others. It_is_typical_of_him_to_be_ready_to_help_others.

1．pass on进入另一个(活动)阶段；前进；传给

Read the newspaper, and then pass it on. 读完报纸后，往下传。

pass sth. on to sb.

pass away pass by pass sth. down pass out pass through 将某物传给某人

去世

走过，经过

从一代传给下一代

昏倒，失去知觉

经过，经历

She said she'd pass the message on to the other students. 她说她会把口信传给其他学生。

The old man has passed through lots of sufferings. 这位老人饱尝了辛酸。

[即境活用4]

介、副词填空

(1)Some customs have died out but some will pass on for some time. (2)I nearly passed out when I saw all the blood.

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(3)The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations. (4)They all waved as they passed by. 2．depend on依靠；依赖

Not having a car or knowing the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B. 由于没有车，而且对这个城市也不熟悉，所以我依靠公交车来往于A、B两地。

depend on/upon sb.to do sth.

依靠某人做某事

depend on/upon sb. for sth. depend on/upon it that ... That/It (all) depends.

靠某人供给某物

相信……

视情况而定。

(常用于交际英语) You may depend on it that it won't happen again. 你要相信那样的事不会再发生了。

[即境活用5]

介、代词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空

(1)You may depend on it that I can come on time. (2)He depends on his parents to_take (take) care of his children. (3)Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 3．give out (1)分发

Give the money out to the children. 把钱分给孩子们。

(2)用完，用尽

Our food supply at last gave out. 我们的食物终于用完了。

His strength gave out. 他已精疲力竭。

(3)公布，宣布；发表；发出

It was given out that he was dead. 他的死讯已经公布。

The radio is giving out a signal. 这收音机发出了一种信号。

give back

give away give in

归还

赠送，颁发；放弃(机会) 屈服，投降，退让(to) - 4 -

give off give up Never give in to any difficulty. 绝不向困难低头。

[即境活用6]

介、副词填空

(散)发出(蒸气)，发散(光线) 放弃，停止

(1)Eventually I gave in and accepted the job on their terms. (2)My money was beginning to give out and there were no jobs to be found. (3)You can look at it as long as you give it back.

1．For example，yellow followers attract bees, while red flowers attract butterflies. 例如：黄花吸引蜜蜂，而红花吸引蝴蝶。

句中while为并列连词，连接两个分句，意为“而，然而”，表示对比或转折。while位于两个分句之间。

Some people waste food while others haven't enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

while也可作从属连词，引导以下从句：

(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，此时从句谓语通常是延续性动词。

Mary watched TV while she had supper. 玛丽边吃饭边看电视。

He caught a cold while (he was) on vacation. 他度假时患了感冒。

(2)引导让步状语从句，通常位于句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。

While I agree with your reasons, I can't allow it. 尽管我同意你的理由，但我不允许这样做。

(3)引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于as long as。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。

There will be life while there is water and air. 只要有空气和水，就有生命。

[即境活用7]

完成句子

好的习惯总是使得效率提高，而不好的习惯导致相反(的结果)。

Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while_bad_ones_lead_to_the_opposite. 2．... usually the nectar is at the end of a small, narrow tube whose_length is

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the same as the tongue of a particular species. ……花粉通常在狭小的花管子的一段，其长度与特定花粉传播者的舌头相当。

关系代词whose表示“……的”，是关系代词who和which的所有格，因此既可指人，也可指物。在从句中，whose作定语修饰名词，被修饰词可以是从句的主语、宾语或介词宾语。

They cleaned the house whose windows faced south.(修饰从句的主语) 他们把那所窗户朝南的房子清扫了。

The gentleman，with whose daughter I worked，looked down upon women.(修饰从句的介词宾语daughter) 那位先生看不起妇女，他的女儿曾经跟我一块工作过。

[即境活用8]

完成句子

(1)他就是我昨天借用他钢笔的那个男孩。

He is the boy whose_pen_I_borrowed yesterday. (2)上个月，中国东北部分地区遭受洪水袭击，现在那些地区的人们仍然遭受洪水影响之苦。

Last month，parts of northeast China were struck by floods, from_whose_effects the people are still suffering.

如何写说明文

【写作任务】

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容：

1．简况：长800余米、600多年历史、300余家商铺；

2．位置：天安门广场南面；

3．交通：公共汽车17、69、59等路，地铁2号线；

4．特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。

参考词汇：步行街 pedestrian street 当当车 trolley car 地铁 subway 注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头语已为你写好。

Dear Sarah，

Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street.Here is

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something about it. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours，

Li Hua 【范文在线】

Dear Sarah，

Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street.Here is something about it. Qianmen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old.Along this 800­metre street, there are more than 300 shops.As the street is in the center of Beijing, just to the south of Tian'anmen Square, it's very convenient to get there by bus.You may take Buses No.17,69 or 59, Subway Line 2 has a stop there too.Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to theaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.I'm sure you'll like it. Yours，

Li Hua 【靓点点击】

作者能把握住写说明文的基本要求，条理分明，语言简洁。文章详细地介绍了改建后前门大街的情况。

说明文是以客观解说事物或事理为内容，以给人知识为目的，以说明为主要表达方式的一种文体。

写说明文要抓住事物的特征，有目的地具体解说，同时，还要抓住事物的本质，科学地加以说明。说明文只要求把事物和事理解释清楚，不要求抒发个人情感，因此语言要通俗简洁，说明过程要条理清楚。说明文多用一般现在时。

说明文常用的写作方法有：按照时间顺序说明；按照空间位置进行说明；先讲道理，后举例子；先举例子，后讲道理；把同类或不同类的事物加以比较；先使用数据进行说明，再对事物做出简要结论等。说明文应该写得条理分明、层次清楚、语言简洁而有逻辑性。

介绍一种你熟悉的花，如：rose(玫瑰)，chrysanthemum(菊花)，orchid(兰花)，lily(百

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合)，daffodil(水仙花)，Rafflesia arnoldii(大王花)等。你可以从以下几个方面介绍这种花：

1．产地；

2．典型特征，如：颜色、形状、气味等；

3．如何传授花粉？

4．如何获取营养？

注意：词数100左右。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文：

Rafflesia arnoldii Rafflesia arnoldii grows in the rainforest of Southeast Asia, but due to the destruction of the forests, it is becoming very rare.At about one meter wide, the flower of Rafflesia arnoldii is the largest flower in the world.The Rafflesia arnoldii flower looks and smells like rotting meat.This means it attracts pollinators, such as flies and other insects that eat dead animals.However, instead of getting a feed, the insects pick up its pollen and spread it to other Rafflesia plants.Rafflesia arnoldii doesn't have any leaves, stems or roots.It does not need them as it is a parasite and so gets its food from another plant.

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The developmental history of the society tells us that man has evolved (进化) from the ape. 2．Let's attach (系) labels to the luggage. 3．He bought a vase with a delicate (精致的) pattern of butterflies and leaves. 4．This is a typical (有代表性的) case in my daily work. 5．The air in the garden was warm and fragrant (芬芳)．

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．He attached his horse on a tree. on→to

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2．The machine gave up a steady buzzing. up→out

3．This is the girl who name is Liu Hui. who→whose

4．He always passes by at the sight of blood. by→out 5．That region has plenty of natural resources since this one has none. since→while

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A Plants, like animals, are easy to be infected by diseases of various kinds.It has been estimated that some 30,000 different diseases attack our economic plants: forty are known to attack corn, and about as many attack wheat.The results of unchecked plant disease are all too obvious in countries which have only a limited number of food supplies.The problem will soon be more widespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.Even in countries which are now amply fed by their agricultural products, there could soon be serious food shortages.It is easy to imagine the outcome of some disastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could kill millions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could cause political disturbance disastrous to the order of the world. Some plants are born with the ability to resist a great many diseases, while others are fairly easy to be infected.The tolerance (耐受性) of a particular plant changes as the growing conditions change.A blight (枯萎病) may be but a local infection which can be easily controlled; on the other hand, it can attack particular plants in a whole region or nation.An example is the blight which killed actually every chestnut tree in North American.Another is the famous potato blight in Ireland in the last century.As a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died of starvation as potatoes were the main food for Irish people. Plant pathologists have made remarkable progress in identifying the pathogens (病原体) of the various diseases.Bacteria may invade a plant by way of insects carrying the pathogen.A plant can also be inoculated by man.Frequently a primary infection will weaken the plant so that a secondary infection may result from its lack of tolerance.The symptoms shown may cause an error in diagnosis, so that the

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treatment may be directed toward bacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by a primary virus infection. 1.How many diseases are known to attack wheat? A．Around 30,000.

C．Around 29,960.

B．40. D．Around 40. 解析：选B 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知，危害谷类作物的疾病和危害小麦的数目一样多。故选B项。

2．Which of the following statements in NOT true? A．A major crop disease, if not checked, would result in many deaths in a country. B．A major crop disease, if not checked, would result in food shortages in rich countries. C．A major crop disease, if not checked, would result in an increase of world population. D．A major crop disease, if not checked, would result in political unrest. 解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的叙述，A、B、D都可找到原文依据，C项没有列出。另外，根据常识，农作物疾病怎么能造成人口增加呢？我们也可看出C项为答案。

3．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Some plants can resist a great many diseases, while others have low immunity to them. B．The growing conditions have little impact on the tolerance of a particular plant. C．In most cases, blight develops in North America. D．A blight once killed virtually every chestnut tree in North America. 解析：选A 主旨大意题。第二段中第一句话为主题句，其他为细节，用来详细解说该主题。

4．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Symptoms are always misleading. B．Some plant diseases may be caused by pathogens. C．Some plant diseases may be indirectly caused by men. D．A primary infection may lead to a secondary infection. 解析：选B 细节理解题。仔细阅读最后一段可知，该段第一句说科学家“在研究病原菌方面有很大进展”，但没有说明是否病原菌是疾病的根源。故选B项。

B Pilates, yoga and the running machine get all the attention

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when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits — walking. Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains, “What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level. Plus, it is good for your heart, your head and your wallet.”

A recent report details the health benefits of walking. The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week, recommended by the UK's chief medical officer, could save 37,000 lives each year. Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running. They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a six­year period and found that walking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%, while running reduced it by 4.5%. And there is even more good news: 30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily, according to research by Oregon State University. The study by the university showed that walking helped participants sleep better and feel more alert during the day. The sooner you get started, the sooner you'll notice the differences in your mind and body. So, go out for your 30­minute walk in a nearby park or green space.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康生活中的最简单有效的方式——步行。

5．The underlined word “humble” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．

A．plain

C．popular

B．relaxing D．active 解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，有一种不太引人注目的简单运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。由此可推知，画线词和“plain”意义相近。故A项正确。

6．What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking? A．It's loved by people of all ages. B．It's much healthier than running. C．It's a money­saving physical exercise.

D．It's becoming more and more popular. 解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What I love about walking ... your head and your wallet.”可知，步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故C项正确。

7．What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find?

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A．Walking helps people with sleep problems. B．Walking contributes to curing heart disease. C．Walking 150 minutes per week can save lives. D．Walking is better than running in some cases. 解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running”以及下文将步行和跑步从几个方面进行的对比来看，前者优于后者。故D项正确。

8．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Comment. C．Education. B．Lifestyle. D．Science. 解析：选B 文章出处题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式——步行。由此可推知，可从报纸上介绍生活方式的版块读到该文章。故B项正确。

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