Learning about Language主要内容及教案内容

动词非谓语作状语

非谓语作状语六大原则：

原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用_________ (2014重庆卷)Group activities will be organised after class __________ (help) children develop team spirit.

原则二：

用作伴随状语，原则上要用_____________ (2013全国卷)The sunlight is white and blinding,___________ (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground.

注意：doing作伴随状语与to do作目的状语区别：

doing表伴随与谓语动作同时发生且前面常有逗号;

to do表目的要比谓语动作后发生且前面无逗号。

1. She wrote to the editor, _____________ that the editor would be able to help her．（

hope ）

2. She reached the top of the hill and stopped there_____________ on a big rock．( rest

) 3.The secretary worked late into night, __________ a long speech.

( prepare ) 原则三：用作结果状语时, 用____________或___________,区别：

1.(2013湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky, ____________ (bathe) the mountain in golden light.

2.(2012四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____________(find) his plane high up in the sky. 原则四：有被动意义时，原则上用_______。

如果被动动作尚未发生，则用to be done；如果被动动作正在进行，则用being done。

1.

(2012全国卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when _____________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting. 2. ________________(strike)by the heavy storm, they felt helpless. 原则五：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用__________,被动having been done e.g. Having finished my homework, I went out to play with my peers. 1. (2015天津卷)______________ (work ) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.

2. _________________ (show) around the lab, the visitors went to the library. 原则六：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与___________保持一致. 1.______________(see) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful city. 2.______________(see) from the top of the tower, the city looks very beautiful.

非谓语四步走：

第一步：谓与非谓

1._______________ (give) time, he'll make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京卷) 2. ______________(search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. (2008湖南卷) 3.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____________(seize) the girl and took her away, _____________ (disappear) into the woods. (2004上海卷) 第二步：找逻辑主语

1._____________(take)everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. 2.Everything ______________(take)into consideration, they ought to have another chance. 第三步：分析语态

分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词

和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。

1. Tony lent me the money,___________ (hope) that I’d do as much for him. （2012全国卷）

2. Much time _____________(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.（2015江苏卷）

第四步：分析动作状态：将来，完成，进行或一般状态

1. _____________ his students to finished the paper, the teacher walked out of the classroom.(tell)

2. _____________ to finish the work in two hours, the boys are busy in working.(tell)

练习：

1.

time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.

A. To save

B. Saved

C. Saving

D. Having saved 2. The population of Korea is now very small,

one tenth of the people living in Australia. A. made up

B. to make up

C. making up

D. makes up 3. The secretary worked late into the night, __________ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare

B. preparing

C. prepared

D. was preparing 4.

such difficult work before,

he felt it was terribly hard for him. A. Not having done

B. Not have done C. Having not done D. Not having been done 5. _____, the subject was always in my mind. A. Walking or sleeping B. Walking or slept C. Having walked or slept D. To walk and sleep 6. ____his father, Wang Lin entered the room, ____ by his two brothers.

A. Follow, follow

B. Following; follow

C. Followed; following

D. Following; followed 7. The young man rushed out of the room, _____ into his car and started it hurriedly, ___ to get home as soon as possible.

A. got; hoped

B. getting; and hoped

C. got; hoping

D. getting; hoped

8. __________ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given

B. To give

C. Giving

D. Having given 9.

from the moon, the earth looks like a water-covered globe. A. Watching

B. Looked

C. Seen

D. Seeing 10.

the seriousness of pollution, all countries in the world have made an agreement that they will fight against it together. A. Realized

B. Having realized

C. To realize

D. Realizing 11. Jenny went to the reading room,

the door

. A. finding…locked B. found…locked

C. to find…locked

D. and found…locking

12.

her accent, she must be from Northeast China. A. Judge by

B. Judged by

C. Judged from

D. Judging from 13.

by the story in the movie, we could not help

tears. A. Deeply moved…shed (流下)

B. Moved deeply…shed

C. Deeply moved…shedding

D. Moved deeply…shedding

14.

_____ his age, the little boy read quite well.

A. Considering

B. Considered

C. Consider

D. Having considered 15. — What would I need, besides a sewing-machine,

a dress?— Some material. A. make

B. made

C. making

D. to make 16. _____, her suggestion is of greater value than yours. A. All things considering

B. All things considered

C. All things were considered

D. With all things were considered

17. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog. A. to train properly B. being trained properly C. properly to train D. trained properly 18. The old man，______ abroad for twenty years，is on the way to his motherland

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked 19. ______ from the moon, our earth, with water ____ seven percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”.

A. Seen, covered B. Seeing, covering C. Seen, covering D. To see, to cover 20. The 18-storeyed building, when _____, will shut out the sun _____ up the rooms in my house. A. completed; lighted B. completing; lighting C. completing; lighted D. completed; lighting 21. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind. A. it marked B. marking C. marked D. to mark