Learning about Language第二课时教学实录

Grammar

The Present Perfect Passive Voice(现在完成时的被动语态)

（图片导入）

一、

意义：

现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。

1..现在完成时被动语态肯定句句型：主语+ have / has been +过去分词

Her motorbike has been stolen.

2.现在完成时被动语态否定句句型：主语+ have/has +not+ been+过去分词

The task has not been finished yet.

Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company.

3.现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句句型：Have/Has +主语+ been+ 过去分词

...?

Has a new computer been bought ?

Have they been sent abroad to study English?

4.

现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句句型：

疑问词+ have /has + 主语+ been+过去分词

...?

Where has the car been repaired?

How many buildings have been built in this school?

把下列句子变为被动句：例如：

Workers have built the house since two years ago.

The house has been built by workers since two years ago.

1. We have received many letters since last week.

2. My friend has bought a new personal computer.

3. The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.

二、注意

1. 副词的位置often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和

been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed.

[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.

2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态

happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语

态。如：

[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.

[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.

3.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。

The bridge was built last year.

The bridge has been built.

4. 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。

主动：I have given him the key.

被动：He has been given the key.

被动：The key has been given (to) him.

5. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

How long has this book been bought?

How long ago was this book bought?

三、被动语态的用法:

不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如: Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

四、高考链接：

改错

1. A personal computer has bought by us.

2. Many problems has been found with our new computer.

3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted.

4. Our computer just has been joined to the internet.

五、Group working（小组合作）: 结合图片

近年来，我们的家乡发生了很大变化，结合图片，以小组为单位写一篇英语小短文。