Learning about Language板书设计及意图

形容词和副词讲解

2017.11.30

形容词

一、形容词的作用与功能

形容词修饰__________，说明事物或人的性质或特征。在句中作_______________________________________________________________等。

找出下列句子中的形容词并说出它们在句中的成分

1.In

2.I’m fine，but tired. 3.The fish was caught alive. 4.

5.A woman was lying in bed，awake，

注意：有些形容词通常作表语，常见的有well，ill以及a开头的部分形容词，如

afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等。

Even when you are________ you are using energy. 即使你睡着了，你仍然在消耗能量。

I hope you weren’t______.You don’t look very_______. 但愿你没病，不过你的脸色不太好。

二、形容词的位置

1.形容词作定语通常放在它所修饰的名词_______________ an intelligent boy一个聪明的男孩

a pair of beautiful little riding boots一双漂亮的小马靴

2.在下列情况下形容词要放在后面

1）形容词作定语修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时需后置。

1._________________________________________今天没有人缺席。

2.________________________________________ 我想告诉你一些重要的事情。

2）形容词enough一般需后置，但也可以前置。

1.I have enough money. 我有足够的钱。

2.她是一位照料病人足够细心的护士。

She is a nurse_____________to tend

patients.

三、形容词后缀

reliable, valuable, international, medical, instant,interested, interesting, colorful, harmless, curious,funny,lucky 形容词后缀有哪些？__________________________________________________________ 学以致用：

1.

If a second child is allowed, the ____________(traditon) preference for boys is expected to be less of a problem. 2.

(2017广州模拟)When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an _______________(interest) experience. 四、复合形容词(翻译下列复合形容词) one –child_____

three-hour_______-year-old_______

six-inch-tall__________ two-footed_______

three-legged________-time________

second-hand__________

kind-hearted________cold-blooded________-looking______

common-looking______hard-working_________

easy-going___________

副词

副词主要用来修饰___________、_____________、______________或其他结构。

一、副词的类别(-ly) 1.时间副词

now，then，today，tomorrow，ago，lately，soon，immediately，often，，early 2.地点副词

outside，upstairs，anywhere，up，forward，here，there，away，in back，off 3.方式副词

simply，quickly，happily，

suddenly，luckily，again，once，easily，together 4.程度副词

very，quite，rather，extremely，completely，widely，partly，badly，too 6.关系副词

when，where，

8.其他

surely，certainly，really，however，therefore，perhaps，moreover，yes，

二、副词的句法功能

副词修饰动词、形容词或副词，说明动作或状态的特征。

作状语

1.He worked_________all his life. (修饰________)他一辈子工作卖力。

2.He plays tennis very __________ (修饰______)他网球打得相当糟糕。

3. I was _____________,at what he said.(修饰______)我对他所说的相当生气。

三、副词的后缀

1.一般都是形容词+__________构成。

2.（辅音字母+y结尾）的形容词，如何变形？_____________________quick ___ 3.以(元音字母+e结尾) 的形容词，如何变形？_____________________true ____

4.以（ll结尾）的形容词，如何变形？__________________full_______ 学以致用：

1.

English is the language of technology,________(especial) high technology like computer science, genetics, and medicine. 2.

__________(approximate), 100 grams of chocolate or less a day is already enough . 四、兼有两种形式的副词

1.close与

2.late 与latel

3.deep与deeply

4.high与highly

与

6.hard与hardly

形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

一、构成

大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1.规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

①一般单音节词tall(高的)

________ _____________

②以不发音的e结尾时：_______________________brave______ ______ ③以辅音字母+y 结尾时：____________________ happy __________ ___________ ④以重读闭音节结尾时：______________________ hot __________ ____________ .部分双音节和多音节的单词比较级加more,最高级加most。

active_______ _____________

popular _____________ ___________________ 2.不规则变化

原级

比较级

最高级

good(好的 better

best well(健康的)________________________ bad (坏的)/

worse

worst ill(有病的)______________________________

old (老的)

older/elder

much/many(多的)

more

most little(少的)

less

least far (远的)

farther/further

二、比较级与最高级的用法：

1.比较级的标志性词：__________________________________ 2. the +比较级+ of +the +two… 两个当中比较…的一位

This question is ____________(difficult ) of the two. 3.

the +最高级+ of (in) +三者或以上She is the___________(tall) girl in her class. 4、as+形容词原级+as.. He learns as_______(quick) as his classmates. 5、not so (as)+原级+as…The moon isn’t __________(big) as the earth. 6、the +比较级，the +比较级：越….就越…

The _____ upset I got, the _____ I was able to concentrate. 7、比较级+ and + 比较级：越来越….北京的空气越来越清新

_____________________________________________________ 8、one of +the + 最高级+名词复数

Marrying a rich man makes her become one of the __________(happy) _________(woman) in the world. 综合练习

1.

Most computer applications are in English, so you will understand them___________(good). 2.

For example, it is thought that many physical problems and other conditions are made________(bad) by an increased level of stress. 3.

As the evening grew__________(dark), Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to his parents, but he still did not leave. 4.

The title will be ______________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 5.

Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short

breaks_________(regular). 6.

Food in small piece could be eaten easily with twigs which __________(gradual) returned into chopsticks. 7.

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of ___________(great) and less importance. 8.

A few hours _________, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog. 9.

Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_________(clean)than ever. 10.

My house is twice as_______ (big) as my parents’. 单句改错

1.

Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 2.

The dishes that I cooked were Mom’s favorites. 3.

My mom makes the better biscuits in the world. 4.

However, just several days late. I began to feel tired and couldn’t concentrate in class. 5.

Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. 6.

The government should close the city center to all traffic except buses and bikes, and bulid very larger car parks outside the town. 7.

Car drivers can take a bus into the city center and arrive at work or the shops relaxing and in a good mood. 8.

After all, only by working hardly can one succeed. 9.

I know as an excellent guide, I should make your journey interesting and meaningless. 10.

This is really a commonly phenomenon in our life. 语篇填空：

Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brain1._____ much. It is not true. Through many studies, scientists show us that the 2._______(much) you use your brain, the better it will be and the__________(clever) you will become.

Of course, if you want to keep your mind4.________(clearly) and active, you must take a proper rest and study 5.__________(proper). To the teeanagers, using their brains in the morning is 6._____(well) for their health.

There are many ways to rest. One is a 7.________(peace) rest. Sleep is a peaceful rest. Another is an 8._________(act) rest. For example, take a walk 9._______________(outdoor) and do some exercise every day. To change the way of brains’ activities is also a good way to rest.

Wish you a wise man and a ________（happiness）life. 翻译句子：

1.

在许多方面，国外的生活已经使得我的变得越来越独立。

2.

他越努力学习，得到的知识就越多。