Learning about Language教学设计(第二课时)

Unit 3 Australia

Language Study

Leaning about Language Discovering useful words and expressions

1.Complete the sentences with words below. backgrounds

nation

citizens

tolerance

Aboriginal

homelands

migrants

respect

The majority of Australians are ______________ from many different __________________. In fact, the only _________ whose ancestors have lived here for more than 200 hundred years are __________ people. Most Australians believe that having people from

so many different ___________________ creates ________ and _________ and makes Australia a stronger _________

and a more interesting place to live.

2.Read the paragraph below, paying particular attention to the underlined words, some of which may be new to you. Try to work out the definitions of these words and write them down in the second column. Then check your answer using an English-English dictionary and write the dictionary definitions in the third column. The first migrants arrived in Australia after a long voyage on small sailing ships. Life was very tough at first because they did not have adequate equipment or food. One of the first things they did was to dig the soil and sow vegetable seeds. However, it wasn’t easy to grow enough food for everyone and in the first few years they faced starvation. Despite all the hardships of those early years, many of the migrants succeeded in building a good life for themselves. In the early days, There were not nearly as many women migrants as there were males, so many of the men remained bachelors. Many dreamed of having a wife who would share their life and work alongside them as they built houses and established farms. Within a reasonably short time some had established large sheep farms and began to export meat and wool back to England. We know a lot about these early years of European settlement because most migrants corresponded with their families at home and many of their letters still survive. These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

Word Dictionary definition migrant a person who goes from one place to live in another ( also immigrants) adequate enough sow put seeds in the ground so they will grow

hardship bachelor correspond owe

difficult or unpleasant condition of life an unmarried male

communicate by writing to need to pay or give sth.to sb.because they have given or lent sth to you 3. You will find it easier to learn English words in clusters. Read aloud the following words and write down as many words related to them as possible. Compare your lists with a partner. Example:

rain, rainbow, rainfall, rainy, raindrop,

raincoat, rainforest, rainwater

rain

tax

home

rust

time

night

autonomy

defend

tolerate

celebrate

nation

city

birth

associate

reserve

way

tax: taxation, taxed, taxable, taxman, taxpayer home: homework, homely, homeland, homeless,

homemaker, homecoming, homesick rust: rusty, rustproof time: timely, timing, timekeeper, timer,

timepiece,

timesaving,

timetable,

timeless night: nightly, nighttime, goodnight, nightclothes, nightclub, nightfall autonomy: autonomous, autonomously defend: defense, defender, defenseless, defendant, defensive, defensible tolerate: tolerance, tolerant, toleration, tolerantly, tolerable, tolerably, tolerability nation: national, nationality, nationalize, nationally, nationalist, nationwide city: citizen, citizenship, citywide, cityscape birth: birthplace, birthdate, birthday, birthplace, birthmark, birthright associate: association, associative, associated reserve: reservation, reserved way: pathway, roadway, waylay, wayside, wayworn

Leaning about Language Discovering useful structures

1.Read through this paragraph and underline all the predicative. A kangaroo kept getting out of his enclosure at the zoo. Knowing that he was a good jumper, the zoo authorities increased the height of the fence around him, but, the next morning, the kangaroo was out of his enclosure again. So the keepers’ solution was to build an even higher barrier. However, the next morning, the result was disappointing--- the kangaroo was not in his enclosure. The authorities, being desperate, increased the height of the fence again and again and it was soon over

forty meters high. A camel in the next enclosure asked the kangaroo, “How high do you think they’ll go?” The kangaroo said, “ That's a good question. It seems to me, they’ll just keep going higher until somebody remembers to shut the gate at night!”

2.Underline the predicative in this conversation and then practice it with a partner. KIM: The meat seems to be shrinking! SAM: Maybe there’s too much fat in it.

KIM: What can I do? SAM: It’s probably the wrong kind of meat for a barbecue. The best thing is to cook it slowly. KIM: You know, it smells strange too. SAM: Is it rotten? Let’s smell. Hey! This

isn’t steak!

KIM: So, what is it? SAM: Where did you get it? KIM: It was in the bottom of the fridge. SAM: Oh, no! That’s the dog's meat! SAM: Are you sure?

Exercise in the Workbook

1.Use clues to solve the crossword. ACROSS 4 an unmarried male

bachelor 5 (preposition) through

via 7 a country with its own government, tradition, etc

authority 10 relationship of air, water, land, animals and plants

ecology 11 amount of rain that falls

rainfall 12 official plan adopted by a government or other organization

policy DOWN 1 money paid to the government

tax 2 relating to central rather than local government

federal 3 to put seeds into the ground

sow 5 sour liquid made from wine

vinegar 6 person or people in control of others

authority 8 be in debt for something that has been given or lent

owe 9 an important road

highway

2.Complete the sentences with the correct preposition. 1.If you associate _________ criminals, you are likely to get in trouble with the police too.

2._______ of respect for my family, I try to lead an honest life. 3.I have been comprehending _______ my penfreined for over five years now. 4. We tried to talk Jim ______ changing his mind, but with no success. 5. That all Australians are blond and blue-eyed is far _______ the truth. Australians are many different races and almost every eye, hair and skin color is represented. 6. I am not responsible ______ keeping a record of the meeting. Jim is.

3.Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. defend/ defence/ defensive 1. We must take __________ action immediately

to protect ourselves from the enemy. 2. I am taking karate lessons to learn how to ________ myself. 3.The villagers’ only ________ against the enemies were sticks and stones.

desperately/ desperation/ desperate 4.They fought ___________ against the wind to bring the boat into shelter before the storm broke. 5.There is a ___________ need to get food and blankets to the earthquake victim. 6.In __________ they jumped

out the window of their fifth floor apartment to escape the fire. tolerate / tolerant / tolerable / tolerance 7.Having friends at work is the only thing that makes my job __________. 8.I think his parents are far too _________ with him and that’s why he is so badly behaved. 9.I think you need to develop more ________ towards people who are different from you. 10.I can’t _______ his heat any more. I’m going inside where it’s cooler.

reserve / reserved / reservation 11.I’m sorry you can’t sit there. This table is ________.

12.I would like to make a __________ for four people who are different from you. 13.I’m sorry I can’t go on Sunday. I always _______ Sunday for visiting my grandparents. recover / recovery / recoverable 14.If you change your mind about going on the tour, your deposit is not __________. 15.After they arrested him, the police went to the thief’s house to ________ the stolen jewellery. 16.After the accident his ________ was slow and he was in hospital for nearly six months.

3.Complete the paragraph with the words below. heritage

birthplace

homeland

celebration

fortnight

citizen My name is Steve Papas. Although my _________ is Greece, I have lived in Australia for a long time and I am now an Australian ________. Even though I haven’t

visited my original _________ for 20 years, I am still proud of my Greek __________. I live in Melbourne where a lot of other Greek migrants live. As well as celebrating great events in Australia we hold _________ for Greek events too. When Greece won the 2004 European Soccer Championship, for example, we celebrated in Melbourne for a __________.