Learning about LanguagePPT专用课堂实录内容

Unit 3 Computers Grammar—_现在完成时的被动语态教学设计

内蒙古巴彦淖尔市（田家炳）外国语学校：赵佳佳

Teaching Introduction This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the present perfect passive voice. Firstly, the teacher show some sentences in the present perfect passive voice from the reading passage and translate them into Chinese. Secondly, compare and discover the structure and usages of the present perfect passive voice by giving a lot of example sentences. Thirdly, do more exercises for students to master the present perfect passive voice. Finally, summarize the present perfect passive voice. Teaching goals: ⅰ Knowledge goals

1.

Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. 2.

Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. ⅱ Ability goals Enable students to use the present perfect passive voice correctly and properly. ⅲ Emotion goals

1.

Get students to become interested in grammar learning. 2.

Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.

Teaching important points Get students to master the structures and usages of the present perfect passive voice. Teaching difficult points Enable students to learn how to use the present perfect passive voice correctly. Teaching methods 1.

Task-based teaching and learning 2.

Cooperative learning and practice[来源:学。科。网]

Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead in Show two pictures and get to know the sentences using the present perfect passive voice. Step 2 Grammar learning 1.

Discovering Ask students to look at the sentences, paying attention to the words in red.

1

①Over time I have been changed quite a lot. ②Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. ③The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks. ④The ink has not been removed from the clothes. ⑤Haven't your problem been solved?

⑥How many buildings have been built in your school? 2．Thinking Let students look at the sentences and think over this question: What is the structure of the present perfect passive voice? 3.Findings (1)以上例句中都使用了

现在完成时的被动语态。

(2)以上例句中第①②③句是该时态的

肯定

句式；第④句是 否定

句式；第⑤句是 一般疑问

句式；第⑥句是 特殊疑问

句式。

3. Summing up 现在完成时被动语态的结构：

肯定式

主语＋have/has been done ... 否定式

主语＋have/has not been done ... 一般疑问式

Have/Has＋主语＋been done ...？

特殊疑问式

疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done ...？

Step 3 Grammar practice Ask students to finish the exercise 1 on page 2 of the hand-outs. [即时演练1] (1)变换句子

The children have already been told the good news.

2

①将上面的句子变为否定句。

②将原句变为一般疑问句。

③对原句中的the children进行提问。

(2)补全句子

①I'm sorry, but the letters (type) yet. 很抱歉，但是这些信件还没有被打印出来。

②The plan (discuss) for nearly two hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。

③She (hear from) since then. 从那时候起，她就没来过信。

Suggested answers: (1)

① The children haven’t been told the good news yet. ② Have the children been told the good news yet? ③ Who has been told the good news yet? (2) ① haven’t been typed ② has been discussed ③ hasn’t been heard from

Step 4 Grammar usages 1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如：

The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 张飞庙已经重建。

2.说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。如: The door has been locked. 门已经被锁上了。

3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去。如：

He has been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他）

4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如：

We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.

工作一完成我们就立即动身。

注：现在完成时的被动语态与它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently 等副词连用。

The machine has already been repaired. 机器已经修好了。

[名师点津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：

already 已经

recently/lately 最近

3 yet 已经

since then 从那时起

ever since 自那以来 so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止 in/during/over the past/last years [即时演练2] (1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子

ever 曾经

for a long time 很长一段时间

in recent years 在最近几年里

在过去的几年里

①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack by his boss for his devotion to work. ②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village. →A good place to build a temple in the village. ③We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem yet. Suggested answers: ① has always been praised ② has been found ③ hasn’t been decided

 How to change the sentences into the using the passive voice? 主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2) 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.

He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory.

The bikes are made by them in the factory.

歌诀是:宾变主, 主变宾, by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动, be后“过分”来使用。

4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，

另一个保留不动。

主动：I have given him the key. 被动：He has been given the key. 被动：The key has been given (to) him. 5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动，

改称主语补足语。

主动：I have asked her to help you. 被动：She has been asked to help you.

Notice: (注意事项:)

4

1. 副词的位置

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态

1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：

[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

[误] The door has been opened of itself. [正] The door has opened of itself. 3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：

The SARS patients have been taken good care of. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，

则需改换动词或时态。如：

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? ×

How long ago was this book bought? √

[即时演练3] 将下面句子变为被动语态

①I have asked her to help you.

→ ②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. → ③He has sent me an e­mail. → → Suggested answers: ① She has been asked to help you. ② Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last 5 years. ③ I have been sent an e­mail. An e-mail has been sent to me. Teaching experience: Most students can accept and master the present perfect passive voice after discovery, analyzing, exercise and summing up. The results of learning are good.

5