Learning about Language教学设计(第二课时)

Unit 3 Computers Teaching Design for Grammar and Useful Expressions 云龙县第二中学

何树梅

Teaching goals: I

Knowledge goals

1.

Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. 2.

Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. II

Ability goals Enable students to use the present perfect passive voice correctly and properly. III Emotion goals 1.

Get students to become interested in grammar learning. 2.

Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.

Teaching important points Get students to master the structures and usages of the present perfect passive voice. Teaching difficult points Enable students to learn how to use the present perfect passive voice correctly. Teaching methods 1.

Task-based teaching and learning 2.

Cooperative learning and practice Teaching procedures Step 1 Leading-in Observe the following sentences, and find something in common. (1)Over time I have been changed quite a lot.

(2)That book has been translated into at least 12 foreign languages.

The present perfect passive voice

现在完成时( has/have been)+ 被动语态(been done) = 现在完成时的被动语态

has/have been done Step 2 The concept(概念) 1.

Discovering

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Ask students to look at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part. Group A We have finished our homework. Many visitors have visited the Great Wall. Mike has seen two films since last month. The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums. Group B Our homework have been finished by us. The Great Wall have been visited by many visitors. Two films has been seen by Mike since last month. These palaces has been turned into museums by the Russian government. 2．Thinking Let students look at the tense used in the sentences they picked out and think over this question:

自我归纳：

通过观察以上句子，我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时态，其中A组句子强调动作的执行者，是主动语态，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；B组句子强调动作的承受者，是被动语态，结构为“have/has been+过去分词”。

3.

Summing up The structure of the present perfect passive voice is “have/has+ been + p.p.”. It is a combination of the present perfect tense (have/has + done) and the passive voice (be + p.p.). 1. 现在完成时的被动语态表示说话时已经完成的动作,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或出现的结果。

2. 主语是行为动作的承受者。

【注意】

1. 过去分词前有两个助动词have/has和been。

2. 必须表示被动。

I ____________(tell) about it many times．

The bridge ________________(build) Step 3．句型(the sentence patterns)：

1. 肯定句：

主语+ have/has been +done

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These trees ________________(water) lately. 2.

否定句：

主语+ have/has +not+ been+done

The task _____________________(finish) yet.

Many workers_____________________（train) in

the company. 3. 一般疑问句：

Has a new computer been bought ?

Have they been sent abroad to study English? Have/Has

+主语

+ been+ done ...? 4. 特殊疑问句：

Where has the car been repaired? Who have been helped by the new computer?

How many buildings have been built in this school? 疑问词+

have/has + 主语+ been+done ...? 5.

Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:

The buildings, destroy, in the earthquake

The buildings _________________in the earthquake. the shared bikes, use, not, in some big cities The shared bikes _________________in some big cities. A new bridge, build, in our city

A new bridge _____________in our city. many trees , plant, in the desert Many trees ________________ in the desert. Step 4用法(The usages): 1.

现在完成时的被动语态同他的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或后果already,yet, just, never, recently 等副词

(常放在have或has之后)连用。

The work has already been completed. 2.

表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用, 或用于How long...?句型中。

My car has been repaired for two days.

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The house has been painted since the family moved out. 3. 用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作. We will start as soon as the work has been finished. 【即学即练】

1.The important problem _________________ (discuss) for nearly two weeks. 2.How long has the machine ___________ (use)? 注意：

1.

常用于现在完成时的句子中，since then /since +从句,so far, by now, up to now, recently, lately, already, yet, in/during/ the past/last + 段时间等。

2. 只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词(词组)没有被动语态。

例如: happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come true, belong to等。

What _____________(happen) to your brother? 3. 但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的动词短语，相当于及物

动词，也可以有被动语态。但动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

The child ______________ (take) good care of by his grandma all these years. A notice ___________(put) up on the wall. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则需改换动词或时态。

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought?

(

) How long ago was this book bought?

(

)

【高考链接】完成句子。

1.(2016·天津高考) The dictionary is out of date: many words

_______________(add) to the language since it was published. 这本词典过时了。自从它发行以来，许多词已经被添加到语言中。

2. (2015·天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _______________ (reach) so far by the two sides. 虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判,但是到目前为止,双方没有达成共识。

3. (2014·天津高考)We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________ (make). 我们在所有的准备做好之后才开始工作。

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4. (2013•北京高考)Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ________________

(make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》在过去几年里被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。

Step 5 Consolidation

Ask the students to close their books, and then recall what have learned in this class first. Then do the following exercises. Ⅰ. 把下列主动语态转化为被动语态: 1. People play football all over the world. Football __________ all over the world by people. 2. Did they ask him some questions? _____________ any questions by them? 3. They warned Mary that the dog was dangerous. Mary ____________ that the dog was dangerous by them. 4. Who has broken the window? By whom _____ the window ________________? 5. You forgave him his rudeness, didn’t you? He _________________ his rudeness by you, wasn’t he? 6. Should we do the work today or tomorrow? ________ the work __________ today or tomorrow by us?

II.改错

1. A personal computer has bought by us. 2. Many problems has been found with our new computer. 3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted. 4. Our computer just has been joined to the Internet. 5. The computer was used every day since we bought it. 6. A lot of e-mails had written on the computer in the past 5 years. Ⅲ.翻译

1.在过去的十年里，许多房子已经被建立起来了。

2.这项工程已经实施多长时间了？

3.问题已经被解决了。

4.衣服上的墨迹还没有去掉。

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Step 6 Homework

1.

Finish the workbook exercises on page 57. 2.

Finish the exercise as follow and hand it in the next day. 3.

Preview the passage Andy-The Android

on page 23, find the sentences in which the present perfect passive voice has been used and see if you can put it into the active voice. Turn these sentences into the present perfect passive voice

1.

We have made a plan. 2.

He has fixed the computer. 3.

We have bought a new personal computer. 4.

We have found many problems with our new computer. 5.

They have built a PC the way we wanted. 6.

They have just joined our computer to the Internet. 7.

We have used the computer every day since we bought it. 8.

We have written a lot of e-mails on the computer in the past years. Suggested answers: 1.

A plan has been made by us. 2.

The computer has been fixed by him. 3.

A new personal computer has been bought by us. 4.

Many problems have been found with our new computer by us. 5.

A PC has been built the way we wanted. 6.

Our computer has just been joined to the Internet by us. 7.

The computer has been used by us since we bought it. 8.

A lot of e-mails have been written by us on the computer in the past years. Teaching experience:

Because the students have some knowledge about the passive voice, most students can accept and master the present perfect passive voice after revision, discovery, analyzing, exercise and summing up. Receive good results.

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