Learning about Language第二课时教学设计

目录：

1.

直击高考--定语从句做题技巧

2.

关系代词引导的定语从句

3.

关系副词引导的定语从句

4.

关系代词与关系副词辨析

5.

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

6.

定语从句中主谓一致

7.

that，which引导定语从句辨析

8.

as, which引导定语从句辨析

9.

定语从句考点透析

10.

巩固练习

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学习目标：

掌握定语从句关系词的用法

掌握介词+关系词的定语从句用法

掌握非限制性定语从句

教学重难点：

介词+关系词的定语从句及as和which引导的非限制性定语从句

要点梳理：

一.直击高考

1.(2018全国II) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005---when the government started a soil-testing program _____ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 2.(2017全国) Like anything , it is possible to have too much of both,

______is not good for the health.

3.(2015·江苏卷) The number of smokers，________ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 4. (2013·全国Ⅱ卷改编) When I arrived , Bryan took me to see the house

_____ I would be staying.

5. (2016·北京卷改编) I live next door to a couple _______children often make a lot of noise.

6.(2015·浙江卷) Creating an atmosphere in ______ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

7.(2015·重庆卷) He wrote many children's books，nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.

归纳小结：

定语从句三部曲：

一找：定语从句

二查：从句缺少什么成分

三选：确定合适的关系词

二.牛刀小试（1）

1.she is a girl _________ is wearing red skirt. 2.We all like the dog ____ is white. 3.He lives in a house ____windows face south. 4. A man ____ perfectly pleased with the present state of things is a failure. 5.The old man ____ we visited yesterday is a famous artist. 6. This is the scientist ____ name is known all over the world. 7. He is not such a fool ___ he looks like. (1)who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。

(2)whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which取代。

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(3)that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。指物时其用法和which大致相同，但也有区别。

(4)which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略

三.牛刀小试（2）

1. I won’t forget the day_______ we spent together. 2. I visited Tanggu Great Theatre the other day ___my sister has been working. 3. My sister works

in the building _______I visited yesterday. 4. This is the reason _______ he is late for school. 5. I don’t accept the reason _______you give me.

[规律总结]

关系副词when, where, why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。

四．真假难辨（1）

1. This is the reason ______ he made great progress in English.

2.This is the reason ______he explained to me for being late.

3. I will never forget the day ______ the typhoon “Caihong” hit Zhanjiang.

4. I will never forget the day ______we spent together in the darkness, caused by the typhoon.

5.This is the school _______we have studied for one year and a half.

6. A large number of teachers are visiting the school ___ we are studying in.

[规律总结]

当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词表时间、地点和原因仍用which/that。

五．真假难辨（2）

1.

He has three sons, two of ____have gone

abroad. 2.

I bought a basket of eggs yesterday, many of ___have gone bad. 3.

The red team were very proud of their teamwork, without______ they couldn't dig through the cave successfully.

4.

Wang Zulan , on _____ people always play jokes

because of his height,

tried his best to reach the horizontal bar (单杠).

5. Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of ___ was very reasonable. 6. He has ten cousins, the youngest of ___ whom

is very clever. 7. Lily might possibly come, in ___ case I'll ask her.

8. We are looking for the person to ____

the book belongs.

9. There is a big window in my room, from ___ I can see the railway station.

[规律总结]

1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。

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2．该结构中介词的选用

(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：

①先行词的意义；

②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；

③句子的意思。

(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：

①在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。

②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。

六．真假难辨（3）

1．Tom is at the turning point ______ he doesn’t know how to choose his life way. 2.I don’t want to face the situation _____ I feel embarrassed.

3. She is the only one of the students who ___ passed the driving test.

4. He is one of the students who ____passed the exam.

5.Our boss will choose a person, ______ he thinks is qualified for the job.

[规律总结]

当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point, situation, case, stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。.

七．真假难辨（4）

1. This is all _______I know about our English teacher Miss Wan.

2. Is there anything else _______ you need for the coming Christmas?

3. He talked happily about the customs and food

_______ interested him greatly in India.

4. Which was the book _______was recommended to you?

5.The last place _______ the foreigners visited in Zhanjiang is Maar Lake.

6. Shanghai is no longer the city _____

it used to be. 7. There is a seat in the corner _____is still available. 8. Jim passed the English test, _______surprised everyone else in his class.

9. The day on ______Angelababy was born is Feb. 28, 1989.

[规律总结]

下列情况只用that不用which：

①先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词；

②先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰；

③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；

④先行词被the only, the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；

⑤先行词中既有人也有物；

⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。

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下列情况只用which 不用that 1.逗号后面

（引导非限制性定语从句）

2. 位于介词后面； 3. 一个句子,两个定语从句,为避免重复,一个用that,另一个用which。

八．真假难辨（5）

1. Obama,____ you know, is the first black person elected as president of the USA. 2. He bought an iphone 7s at a very low ____surprised me. 3.She is not the same girl __she was. 4.He made a long speech, _______ was expected. 5. He made a long speech, _______ was unexpected. 6. Tom drinks a lot every day, _______ his wife doesn’t like at all.

7.Tom was always late for school, _____ made his teacher angry.

[规律总结]

1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。

2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：

as (it) often happens, as I remember, as is often the case, as is expected, as is known to us, as is shown等。

3．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末。

4．“such/so ... that ...”表示“如此……以致……”的意思，用来引导一个结果状语从句；而“such/so ... as ...”表“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。

5．“the same ... that ...”表同一人或物，而“the same ... as ...”表同种类的东西。

九．考点透析

(1)改错

1. Reading has a lot of advantages , one of them is that it helps you develop reading skills. 2. First, the place where we’ve decided to visit ---the Forest Park, is not far away from the city. 3. From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth. 4.(2018全国) They also had a small pond which they raised fish.

5.Our school has developed a learning system that students can do a lot of teamwork.

6.I don't want to hear any reason why you might give.

7.The author is going to talk about the countries and people who he has visited.

8.The singing group was so well received that the size of audience , we had expected , was well over ten thousand. 9.Actually Iris is an exchange student from Ireland , whom has been studying in my school for two months.

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考点透析（2）

结合括号中的提示,用定语从句完成下面的文章。

Hi! Tom,

Nice to read your e-mail today. I notice you’ve begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them correctly. However , I'm afraid there is (1)

(我想指出来的一个错误). It is the idiom “无所不为” ,(2)

(它的意思是做各种各样的坏事). Are you doing all kinds of bad things at home? I guess (3)

(你真正想说的意思) is that you've

got nothing to do these days . In that case , you should use “无所事事”.We usually use “无所不为” to express the idea that people dare to do anything bad, and “无所事事” to describe (4)

(人们没有有意义的事情可做的情形).

Have I made myself clear? Anyway, I‘m amazed at(5)______________ (你已经取得的进步). Hope you'll find a job soon.

LiHua

十．巩固练习（课后作业）

课后作业

[本期话题] 学校生活

[写作要求] 至少运用三种定语从句。 根据下面的汉语提示,写一篇70词左右的英语短文。 1.众所周知,课外活动对学生的健康成长非常重要。 2.我们学校的课外活动丰富多彩,其中我最喜欢踢足球

3.它不仅锻炼了我的身体,而且还塑造了我的性格。 4.在活动中,我还结交了很多兴趣相同的朋友。 5.我认为,学生应该积极参加自己喜欢的课外活动。

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