Learning about Language课堂实录

导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

Ⅰ

Teaching goals

灵活应用定语从句语法知识

Ⅱ

Leading-in

一、在复合句中，修饰某一_

___词或__

___词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的词叫___________，引导定语从句的叫_____________（如下表），定语从句一般放在先行词的___________。

二、关系词

1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。

2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分

。

先行词指代

人

人

人

/

物

人

/

物

物

时间

原因

地点

人物/事件/句子

定语从句中先行词的用法

关系词

定语从句在从句中做的成分

主语(说明是“谁”) 宾语(说明是“谁”) 定语(说明是“谁的”) 主语

/

宾语

主语

/

宾语

时间状语

原因状语

地点状语

主语/宾语/表语

Ⅲ

Reviewing

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导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

一、

导入先行词的用法

1)

Our guide，

was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook. 2)

Peter,

you met in London, is now back in Paris. 3)

The boy,

father is an engineer, studies very hard. 4)

These apple trees，

I planted three years ago，have not borne

any fruit. 5)

He will put off the picnic until May 1st,

he will be free. 6)

They went to London，

they lived for six months. 7)

is known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American

writer. IV、

While-grammar (一)分析句子结构,辨别“限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句”

1.The food which

wasn’t in the fridge all went bad.

2.The food, which

wasn’t in the fridge, all went bad.

(二)非限制性定语从句

定语从句有时跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是作一些附加说明，不起限制作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解这种从句称为

句。在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。且

。

(三)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

1）形式上：有无“

”

The bike which was not locked was stolen.

The bike, which was not locked, was stolen.

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导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

2）作用不同

限定性定语从句用于对先行词的

、

，如果去掉，就会造成句意

或概念不清；

而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起

作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。

People who take physical exercise live longer.

His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.

3）翻译的方法

限定性定语从句一般翻译成

“……的”

非限定性定语从句往往另起一句来翻译。

The food which wasn’t in the fridge all went bad.

The food, which wasn’t in the fridge, all went bad.

4）含义不同

比较下面的两个句子：

I have a sister who is a doctor.

I have a sister, who is a doctor.

5）先行词不同

限定性定语从句的先行词只能是

或

，

而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或

；

1)

Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 2)

He changed his mind, which made me very angry.

6）关系词不同

引导限制性定语从句的关系词：

关系代词：

关系副词：

引导非限制性定语从句的关系词：

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导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

关系代词：

关系副词：

1、Football,

is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 2、

I had told them the reason,

I didn’t attend the meeting. 注：关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；

另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略(宾语），而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。V、conclusion 区别

从句

定语从句是否可以省略

与先行词的关系

逗号

why that which/who作宾语时是否可以省略

whom作宾语时是否可以用that或who代替

是否修饰句子

限制性

非限制性

VI、

Practice 易错点

1. 非限制性定语从句中只能用which。

1. She heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened her.

A. that B. which C. what D. who

2. She heard a terrible noise ______ frightened her.

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导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

A. that B. / C. what D. who

2. 先行词为reason时，非限制性定语从句则只能用for which来引导。

3.I had told them the reason, ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

A. for which B. at which C. for whom D. why 4. I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

A. when B. which C. why D. for that

3. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语不能省略。

5.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,______ he loved and respected as his own mother.

A. as B. which C. / D. whom

4．在非限制性定语从句中，只用whom的情况

6. Do you know Tom, _____ we talked about?

A. which B. that C. whom D. who 7.The American journalist ______ the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. Which of the following is wrong?

A. who B. whom C. whose D. /

5．As在非限制性定语从句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。

8______ I expected, he didn’t believe me.

A. Which B. As C. That D. When

9.Mary was late for school,______ often happened.

A. as B. for which C. that D. why

6. 由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句时，不能用as，只能用which，因为有介词关系。

10.He bought the car for more than $20,000,______ his father was angry.

A. about that B. with as C. when D. with which

VII、

Consolidation (一) 高考链接：

1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter

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导学案

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

独山民族中学

陆小娟

permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 2．(2014·广东卷，语法填空)The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ________ we watched some people play volleyball. 3．When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly. 4．(2016·天津卷，语法填空)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better. (二)Homework: 1. I still remember the night

I first came to the house. 2. I'll never forget the day

we met each other last week. 3. Mr. Black is going to Beijing in October,

is the best season there. 4. I will never forget the days

I spent with your family. 5. I'll never forget the last day

we spent together. 6. This is the school

I used to study.

7. Do you still remember the place

we visited last week? 8. Do you still remember the place

we visited the painting exhibition? 9. Have you ever been to Hang zhou,

is famous for the West Lake? 10. Have you ever bee to Hang Zhou,

lies the West Lake?

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