Using LanguageⅠ优质课教案推荐

Grammar－－－Subject 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词的ing形式、从句等可作句子的主语。

1.

名词作主语

A tree has fallen across the street. The ambulance is arriving. 2.

代词作主语

You are a middle school student. He lent me his new bike. 3. 数词作主语

Three is enough. Two from five leave three. 3.

不定式作主语

To find the truth is very difficult. It’s is very difficult to find the truth. 4.

动名词作主语

Smoking is bad for your health. Seeing is believing. 注意

A 动名词与不定式都可在句子中作主语。动名词作主语时一般来说指的是一个概念或一个既成事实。如：

Teaching English is my job.

Teaching English 是一个概念名词，而不是一个动作。

B 当一个不定式短语作主语时，我们常用It作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式放到句子后边。

这样的句型还用在It’s…for sb. to do…It’s…of sb. to do…中。如果It’s后边的形容词与人的天资、秉性有关时，必须用It’s…of sb. to do…；这类形容词包括

good, bad, clever, stupid, wise, foolish, cruel, mean 等。如果It’s后边的形容词与人的天资、秉性无关时，则要用It’s…

for sb. to do…。

6. 名词化的形容词作主语

The rich should help the poor. Old and young walked side by side. 7. 名词化的过去分词作主语

The disabled are being carefully taken care of. 8. 从句作主语

作主语的从句称为主语从句，可由that，whether，wh-词等引导。

Whenever you come will be fine. 9. 有时介词短语、副词或其短语位于主语位置是倒装结构

Between six and seven in the morning is the time I go jogging．

Nearby is a good place for camping．

用

it 作形式主语的句型有：

(1) It is + 形容词(possible, clear, true,

necessary, likely , nice 等) + that (2) It is + 名词

（a pity , no use , a fact,

no wonder 等）+ that

(3) It + 不及物动词（follows, happens,

turns out, goes without saying）+ that (4) It is + 过去分词（thought, known,

mentioned, said, expected, suggested, may be safely said, must be admitted, has been decided ）+ that

在以上句型中It是形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的从句。在这样的主语从句中that不能省略, 就其本质讲，用That…is well-known; That…is said也是可以的。但是经过长期使用, 上述句型已经被固定下来。

3. A simple subject can be more than one word, even an entire clause.

What he had already forgotten about computer repair could fill whole volumes.

4. In English, the subject of a command, order, or suggestion - you, the person being directed is usually left out of the sentence and is said to be the understood subject. e.g.

1. You step lively there, or I’ll leave you behind.

2. Before assembling the swing set,

you read these instructions carefully. 5. For purposes of sentence analysis, the doer or the initiator of action in a sentence is referred to as the agent of the sentence. In an active sentence, the subject is the agent. e.g.

1. The Johnsons added a double garage to their house.

2. The jury returned a verdict of manslaughter. ４. In a passive sentence, the agent is not the subject. In fact, sometimes a passive sentence will

not contain an agent.

e.g.

1. The dean’s report was reviewed

by the faculty senate.

2. Three cities in the country’s

interior were bombed. ５.

In familiar speech, the subject is sometimes left out when it is a pronoun. We call it omission of the subject. A．I thank you. B．I never heard of it. C．It looks like it. D．It sounds like common sense to me. E．It serves him right. In spoken English we often hear sentences like this: A．Thank you. B．Never heard of it. C．Looks like it. D．Sounds like common sense to me. E．Serves him right. Underline the subject in these sentences. In groups, check your answers. Then discuss whether you agree with the ideas in the sentences or not. 1 Everything that we do is a step in one direction or another. Even the failure to do something is in itself a deed. It sets us forward or backward.

(Henry Van Dyke) 2 To regret one’s errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. (Ernest

Hemingway) 3 The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds.

(William Makepeace Thayer) 4 Being happy is better than being king.

(West African saying)