Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending第一课时导学案

Periods 4&5 Language Points Teaching Aims 1. Target language

Important words & phrases approximately, conventional, adjustment, laughter, tough, extreme, unfit, spiritual, urge,

accomplish, motivation, devotion, soul, in reality, gymnastically 2. Ability goals Learn and master the key words and expressions

Enable the students to use these language points both orally and in the written form. Develop the students’ sense of loving English.

Teaching important and difficult points

1. Learn the useful expressions and sentence structures.

2. How to let the students learn to use these phrases and sentence structures in written and oral English Teaching Methods Explanations of words and phrases to get the students know their meanings. More examples to get the students know the usage. Pair work or group work to get every student to join in the class activities and learn self-study. Teaching Aids

CAI equipment with a mult-media classroom and other normal teaching tools. Teaching Procedures Step 1 Greeting & Revision Check the homework. Step ⅡLanguage points 1. approximate

a.1. 近似的,接近的2. 大约的,大概的

The approximate time of their arrival will be five o'clock.他们约于五点到达。

vt.1. 接近,近似

2. 使接近(+to)

3. 大致估计

4. 模拟

The cost will approximate two million dollars.该项费用差不多达两百万元。

The distance was approximated as five kilometers.估计这段距离为五公里。

vi.1. 接近(+to) The newspaper account of the event approximated to the truth. 报纸对这一事件的报导近于实情。

2. conventional a. 1)习惯的,惯例的

2)普通的;常见的

3) (武器)传统式的,非核的

4)符合习俗的;过分拘泥的,陈腐的

"Good morning" is a conventional greeting."早安"是习用的招呼语。

conventional warfare

常规战争

I wish you weren't so conventional in the clothes you wear.我真希望你穿衣不要那么保守。

3. While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬，但实际上，这些活动需要强大的力量，健康的体格和坚定的决心。

1) while 用作连词, 意为“虽然, 尽管”,引导让步状语从句。

_____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.

A. While

B. Since

C. As

D. If

2) rather than 而不是；…宁愿

…

rather than 前后结构相同，保持平衡

e.g.

He is an artist rather than a writer.

I would do it myself rather than ask him to do it.

He prefers to rent a car rather than have one of his own.

I should thank you rather than you should thank me. 注意：rather than 连接两主语时，谓语与第一个主语保持一致。

e.g.

I, rather than you, am to blame. prefer to do…rather than do…:

Rather than stay at home,

I’ll prefer to go out.

3) as well as:除…之外；和;与…一样

She is clever as well as beautiful.

as well: 也, 通常用于句尾。

Would you like to come as well? may/might as well:不妨, 还不如

E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily communication.

A. is playing

B. have played

C. are playing

D. play 4. tough

n. 粗暴的人;暴徒,恶棍

[C]

A gang of toughs attacked the police. 一群暴徒袭击了警察

a.1) 坚韧的,牢固的,折不断的

This material is as tough as leather.

这料子像皮革般坚韧。

2) (肉等)老的,咬不动的

The steak was so tough I couldn't eat it. 牛排太老了,我咬不动它。

3) 强壮的,结实的

Donkeys are tough animals and can carry big loads.驴是结实的动物,能负重载。

4) 顽固的,固执的

He is a tough nut.

他是一个顽固的家伙。

5) 不屈不挠的,刚强的

He is a very tough man.

他是个硬汉。

6) 粗鲁的;不守秩序的,无法无天的

He lives in a tough neighborhood .

他住的地区邻里非常粗野。

7) (口)不幸的,倒霉的(+on) A spell of tough luck discouraged us.

一阵坏运气令我们大为沮丧。

8)棘手的,费劲的

That was tough work. 那是棘手的工作。

9)强硬的;严格的;冷酷的(+with/on)]

The law is tough on offenders.该法律对违法者处罚很严厉。

5. extreme

a.

1) 末端的,尽头的

There's a Chinese restaurant at the extreme end of the street. 2 )极端的,极度的;最大的

They took extreme measures to conserve fuel.他们采取极端手段节约燃料。

3) 急进的;激烈的;狂热的;偏激的

n.[C] 1) 极端,末端

2) 极端的事物;极端的行为(或手段) 3) 极度;最大程度

We should avoid extremes.我们应该避免走极端。

6. You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to

stop briefly to vomit.每翻滚一小时只允许有五分钟休息,不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐。

permit doing sth.

allow doing sth.

允许做…

permit sb. to do sth.

allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做…

weather that permits sailing 可航海的天气

permit 较正式/正面,表法律/官方的允许，态度积极

allow 表默许，不加阻止，态度较消极的允许

vomit n.

1) 呕吐[C]

2) 呕吐物

vt. 1) 呕吐;使呕吐

2) 喷出;吐出(恶语等) The volcano vomited flames and molten rock. 火山喷出了火焰和熔岩。

vi. 呕吐

The unpleasant smell made her sick and she began to vomit.

7. Imagine doing this for a mile!

imagine

doing

想象做……

imagine sb. doing

想象做……

imagine that-clause

想象

……

imagine sb./sth. to be 想象某人/某物是…

beyond imagination 难以想象

后面接- ing 形式做宾语的动词有：consider, suggest, excuse, admit, miss, avoid, keep, practise, deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate, can’t help, mind, allow, permit, escape, forbid, risk…

8. unfit

vt. 使不相宜;使不合格[(+for)] Years of work in Africa unfitted him for life here.

a. 1)不相宜的,不合适的;不胜任的[(+for)][+to-v] Phil is clearly unfit to hold a senior position.

菲尔显然不能胜任高级职务。

This meat is unfit for human consumption.

这种肉人不宜食用。

2)(身体上)不强健的He was rejected as medically unfit.

他因健康不合格而遭淘汰。

9. fascinate vi.有吸引力;迷人

vt.1) 迷住,使神魂颠倒;强烈地吸引(+by/with) I watched her, fascinated.

我瞧着她,完全被她迷住了。

The child was fascinated with his new toy.

那孩子对他的新玩具着了迷。

2) 慑住...使动弹不得,使呆住

The snake fascinated its prey.那条蛇震慑住了它的捕获物。

10. meditation

n. 1. 沉思,默想;冥想[U]

2. 默念,默想[U]

3. 沉思录[P][(+on/upon)]

I'm sorry to interrupt your meditations.

我很抱歉,打断你思考问题了。

He reached his decision only after much meditation.他经过认真思考后才作出了决定。

11.urge

vt.1.催促;力劝;激励;怂恿

urge sb. to do sth. / urge sb. on 鼓励，激励某人做…

vt.2.极力主张;强烈要求+that …(should) do

My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。

He urged that they go to New York. The people in that country urged independence.

vt.3推进;驱策

We urged the school team on with loud cheers.我们大声助威,激励校队拼搏。

vi. 极力主张;强烈要求

The citizens urged for the construction of a new hospital.

n.1. 强烈的欲望;冲动;迫切的要求

2. 推动力

The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.假期快到了,我很想外出旅行。

12.

Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point where he feels he cannot physically do any more. 每次试图破纪录时，阿西里塔都会达到一个体力不可逾越的极限点。

1) Every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 等做连词，用来引导时间状语，表示“每次，每当，下次，第一次

…”

Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. ≈When you come next time,

2) 在句中

where作为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词point。当先行词表示某人或物的situation，或某事物发展的stage, 或达到某点point，都可以用where 来引导。

e.g. The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.

事情发展到如此程度，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。

1) He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A. where

B. which

C. while

D. why 2) I can think of many cases __ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why

B. which

C. as

D. where

13. accomplish vt. 1) 完成,实现,达到

They didn't accomplish the purpose desired.他们没有达到预期的目的。

They have accomplished their task successfully.他们成功地完成了任务。

2) 走完,度过

She has accomplished 95 years of her life.她已达九十五高龄。

The journey was accomplished in five weeks.花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。

3. 使完美

14. devotion

n.1. 献身;奉献[U]+to

His devotion to science is well known.他对科学的献身精神为人熟知。

2. 忠诚;挚爱,热爱[U](+to/for)

devotion to music热爱音乐

3. 虔诚[U]

4. 祈祷(式)[P] Devotions are held every Sunday morning.祈祷式于每星期日上午举行。

StepⅢ Homework:

Review the language points.

Period 6 Language Study Teaching Aims

1. Target language

a. Important words & phrases accomplish, adjustment, devotion, motivation, approximate, sacred b. Important sentences To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive. What is done can not be undone. Worrying never did anyone any good. 2. Ability goals

Learn how to use the of subject.

3. Learning ability goals Let Ss learn how to use the subject in a sentence and a passage Teaching important points

How to teach Ss to use subject and its varieties properly. Teaching methods

Practice. Teaching procedures Step Ⅰ Word Study This part is a consolidation of the words learnt in this unit. Get the students to do the exercise independently. Make students do Ex.1. 2&3 , then check their answers. Sample answers for Ex. 3: Events: gymnastics, marathon, triathlon, track and field, swimming, boxing, tennis, volleyball, table tennis, basketball, soccer, horse-racing, yachting, springboard diving, high jump, horse-vaulting, parachute, heptathlon, orienteering（徒步越野赛）

The training: tough, tiring, stressful, demanding, difficult, hard, arduous, and laborious

The event: fascinating, exciting, eye-catching, instructive, encouraging, and appealing Step Ⅱ Grammar The students will learn the usage of subject in this part. First give them some examples of the subjects’ usage in sentences. Get them to summarize the rules of now to use subject.

T: Underline the subject in each sentence and analyze the structure of the subjects. Show students the following sentences. 1) Our plane is taking off in five minutes.

2) Both were offered jobs immediately. 3) One-tenth of the population are elderly people. 4) Singing is one of my interests. 5) To act like that is childish. 6) All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

7) Whether it is a good plan remains to be seen.

8) The unemployed lead a hard life.

9) It is no use talking about it now. 10) It is against the law to do that.

Sample answer: 1) Our plane is taking off in five minutes. （名词作主语）

我们的飞机五分钟后就起飞。

2) Both were offered jobs immediately.

(代词作主语)

两人都被立即给予了工作。

3) One-tenth of the population are elderly people.（数词作主语）十分之一的人口是老年人。

4) Singing is one of my interests.

（动名词作主语）

唱歌是我的兴趣之一。

5) To act like that is childish.

（不定式作主语）

这样做是幼稚的。

6) All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. (词组作主语)尽用功不会玩,孩子会变得很呆板。

7) Whether it is a good plan remains to be seen.（从句作主语）这个计划是不是好还需要看看。

8) The unemployed lead a hard life. （名词化的表达作主语）失业的人过着艰难的生活。

9) It is no use talking about it now.

（it作形式主语）

现在谈这事没有用。

10) It is against the law to do that.

（it作形式主语）这样做是违法的。

T: Match the subjects on the left with the endings on the right to make the correct saying.

Show students the following chart.

The subject 1). Worrying 2). Two heads 3). Those who do not learn form history 4). To travel hopefully 5). Failing to plan 6). A man who asks 7). A man who never asks 8). The one who understands 9). The one who speaks 10). What is done Ending ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? choices A. are doomed to repeat it. B. is a fool for five minutes. C. does not speak. D. can not be undone. E. are better than one. F. never did anyone any good. G. does not understand. H. is planning to fail I. is a better thing than to arrive J. is a fool for life. Key: 1). F

2). E

3). A

4). I

5). H

6). B

7). J

8). C

9). G

10). D

T: Read this article and try to improve it by omitting unnecessary subjects and avoiding using the same subject all the time.(Show the following passage to the students.)

I’m Lin Yong. I am seventeen years old. I am a skateboarder. Three years ago I watched a skateboarding competition and I fell in love with this sport immediately. I thought it was fun and challenging and I decided to try the sport. I needed a ramp to practice it, so I went to see the park manager and I told him about my plan to build one in his park. I was very happy to learn that he also thought it was a good idea. Two weeks later, my friends and I began skateboarding on a new ramp.

I have been skateboarding for three years and I still love it. I like the feeling I get when I am getting ready for a ride. I get excited and I can feel my heart beating faster. When I concentrate on the way my body moves in the air, I feel that I am flying and I am free from everything.

I am like every other rider; I always wear a helmet and other equipment to protect myself. I want to do it well, and I also want to play it safe. Although I am a skilled skateboarder now, I won’t try a trick that is too dangerous. I think the spirit of extreme sports like skateboarding is not to show off how cool I am, but to try something new and overcome fear. After students finish doing this exercise, show the following passage to check their answers. Sample answer:

My name is Lin Yong. I am a seventeen-year-old skateboarder. Three years ago I watched a skateboarding competition and fell in love with this sport immediately. Since it was fun and challenging, I decided to try the sport. Trying to get a ramp to practice, I went to see a park manager and told him about my plan to build one in his park. I was very happy to learn that he also thought it was a good idea. Two weeks later, my friends and I began skateboarding on a new ramp.

I have been skateboarding for three years and still love it. I feel great when getting ready for a ride. I get excited and can feel my heart beating faster. When concentrating on the way my body moves in the air, I feel that I am flying and free from everything.

Like every other rider, I always wear a helmet and other equipment to protect myself. I want to do it well and safe. A skilled skateboarder as I am now, I won’t try a trick that is too dangerous. I think the spirit of extreme sports like skateboarding is not to show off how cool you are, but to try something new and overcome your fears.

Step Ⅲ Practice T: Now please do Ex. 1 on Page 4, and Ex 2 on Page 5. After students finish these, check the answers and give some comments.

Step Ⅳ Homework 1. Do Ex. 1-2 in USING WORDS AND EXPRSSIONS on Page 52-53. 2. Do Ex. 1 & 3 in USING STRUCTURE on Page 53-54. Afterthoughts