Using LanguageⅠ教学设计案例

Grammar:Noun Clauses

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language 目标语言

重点句子

May we ask what you are doing in this country? Well, why don’t you explain what this is all about? That’s why we’ve given you the letter. We were very surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted whether the man was able to pay for the food. 2. Ability goals

能力目标

b. Enable students to understand and use noun clauses correctly.

3. Learning ability goals

学能目标

. Get the students to use the noun clauses as the object and predicative. Teaching important points 教学重点

How to make students understand and use noun clauses

.Teaching difficult points教学难点

How to make students understand and use noun clauses Teaching methods 教学方法

Task-based method Teaching aids 教具准备

A computer and a projector

Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式

名词性从句是由if, whether, that和各种疑问句词where, when等充当连接词所引导的从句, 其功能同名词一样。

1主语从句

（Noun Clauses as the Subject）

定义：

用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的

连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, what和which；连接副词when, where, how和why。

1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句：

What the teacher said today was quite right.

老师今天说的话是十分正确的。

2) 由连词that引起的主语从句：

That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.

他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。

但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。

3) 由连接代词或连接副词以及whether引起的主语从句。

Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.

他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。

4) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句。

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

这里说的话都应当保密。

Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.

凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。

注意: 上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免

“头重脚轻”, 常用

it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。

例如:

It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.

她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。

这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:

1) It is + adj. / n. +从句

It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……

It is possible that...

很可能……

It is unlikely that...

不可能……

2) It +不及物动词+从句

It seems/appears that...

似乎……

It happened that...

碰巧……

3) It + be +过去分词+从句

It is said that...

据说……

It is known to all that...

众所周知……

It is reported that...

据报道……

It is believed that...

据信……;人们相信……

It is suggested that... 有人建议……

It must be pointed out that...

必须指出……

It has been proved that... 已证明…….

如: It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.

据信, 至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。

5) . 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用\“should + 动词原形\”的形式, should有时有感情色彩。

2 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句, 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。

(1) 由that 引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略), 例如：

I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if)引导的宾语从句,例如：

①

She did not know what had happened. ②

I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。

I don’t think this dress fits you well.

(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)

(4) it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语:it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。

We heard it that she would get married next month. 3. 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。

We can see from these sentences that a sentence serves as subject, so we call it Subject Clause. 4位语从句

1.) 概念:

在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

2.) 功能:

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。

3. )用法:

常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason/ thought/order/ doubt/news/hope/ truth/belief …

4). 连词

that/whether/who/ which/ what /when /where/why/how 5)同位语从句与定语从句区别:

(1). 从词类上区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。

He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.

Word came that he had been abroad.

据说他已经出国了。

Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.

我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。

(定语从句)

(2)从性质上区别

定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:

The news that our team has won the game was true.

我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。

(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)

The news that he told me yesterday was true.

昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

(定语从句,

news在从句中作told的宾语)

(3.) 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别

有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。

如: That question whether we need it has not been considered.

我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。

(同位语从句)

引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语

(指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替，如:

The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.

我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。

(同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略)

The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.

我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。

(定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略)