Learning about Language教学设计及教案分析

Teaching Design

(Noun clauses)

Subject Clause and Appositive Clause

教材分析

名词性从句是高中三大从句之一，其重要性众所周知，同时也是学生学***难点。学生往往辩不清是什么从句，也分不清从句缺什么成分。本教学设计从复习名词性从句的定义和分类入手，同时把同位语从句和定语从句相结合，找出它们之间的区别，使学生能够灵活运用这两种从句，把语法知识变成自己阅读和写作中可利用的武器。

学生分析

上课的班级是一个理科实验班，男生较女生多，语法知识体系相对薄弱，而且学生对学习英语的兴趣不浓厚，在课堂上表现不够活跃，需采用鼓励和启发的方式才愿意举手发言；此外，对于这个班的学生，知识点讲解要细，输入过程要慢，采用轻松学习的方式导入该语法，学习效果会比较好。

教学目标

1. 复习名词性从句的定义和分类。

2. 学习主语从句和同位语从句

3. 学会区别同位语从句和定语从句

教学方法

1.

歌曲导入法

2. 启发式教学法

Teaching Procedures: Step I. Leading-in

Let the students enjoy the song “ Should it be ” and complete the lyrics. The missing parts of the lyrics are all noun clauses.

Step II. Definition and classification 名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。能象一个名词一样在句中充当这些成分的从句就叫名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。常用的连接词有： 引导名词性从句的连词：

1、从属连词：

that（无词义，在句中不充当任何成分）

if/whether（有词义“是否”，但不充当任何成分）

2、连接代词：

who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever(有词义，在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语）

3、连接副词：

when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever......（有词义，在句中充当状语）

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分析下列句子：

1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I don’t know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesn’t know anybody in London.

4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people. Step III. Subject clause

做主语用的名词性从句, 因其在复合句中做主语, 又称主语从句, 引导主语从句的有连词

that, whether, 连接代词

who, what, which, 连接副词

when, where,

how, why 等。e.g 1. That she left him cut him to the heart. 2. What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. 3. Whether

it will please them is not easy to say.

常见的

it 作形式主语的结构

基本句型结构

常用词语

It is + 名词

+that 从句

It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/…that…

It is + 形容词

+

It is necessary/strange/important/possible/likely/…that…这类主that 从句

语从句中，谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

It is + 过去分词

+

It is said/reported/decide/known/…that…

that 从句

It + 不及物动词

+

It seemed/happened/doesn’t

matter/has turned out/…that…

that 从句

e.g 1. It is a fact that he won the match. 2. It is necessary that we study English well. 3. It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. 4. It seemed that he would come here.

Step IV Appositive clause 同位语从句属于名词性从句, 大多由从属连词

that 引导, 常常跟在fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief 等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容, 在逻辑上表现为同位关系。

1) They are familiar with the opinion

that all matter consists of atoms. 2) Where did you get the idea

that I could not come? 3) The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted. 表示意愿，要求，命令，建议等名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词也用should +动词原形，should 可以省略。e.g

1. The suggestion that we ______ to picnic on Sunday was agreed to by most people. A went

B. would go

C. go

D. were allowed to go 2. Along with the letter was his promise ______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

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Step V.

The differences between appositive clause and attributive clause 1.

同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系；而定语从句是用来修饰先行词，是从属的关系。

区别下面的句子：

1) The news that I have passed the exam is true．

2) The news that he told me just now is true．

2.

that在同位语从句中没有词义，不充当句子成分；而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。

分析下面的句子

1）The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

2）The idea that he gave surprises many people．

连词“that”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别

引导从句

从句中的作用

可否省略

that

同位语从句

定语从句

连接词

关系代词

3. whether, what, how可以用来引导同位语从句；而它们不能用来引导定语从句。e.g 1）He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.

2）I have no idea what he is doing now. 3）It’s a question how he did it. 4. 1) 从词义角度看问题

who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导同位语从句是保持原来疑问词的含义；它们用来引导定语从句时，不具有疑问词的含义。e.g 1) I have no idea who she is.

2) The girl who is standing there looks sad. 3) She raised the question where we could get the fund.

4) She came back to the village where she was born. 2)从搭配角度看问题

who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导定语从句时对应性很强，如：先行词是“人”，引导词用“who”等，而它们引导同位语从句的先行词通常是“question, idea, doubt等”。

1. Mike told me his idea that we’d better go to the teacher for help.

2. The girl who Mike talked to just now is my classmate.

3. Mike told me the reason why he was late for school.

Step VI.

Practice 一、填空

1. It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turning grey. 2. It remains a question ______ we can get so much money in such a short time. 3. It’s not clear ______ was responsible for the accident. 4. We were very excited at the news ______ our team had won. 5. The fact _______ women can work as well as men is clear. 6. ______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. 7. ______I can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy. 8. Henry Adams made a promise ______ he would not open it until 2 o’clock.

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9. We all know the truth ______ the earth goes round the sun. 10. The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. 11. They expressed the hope ______they would come over to China. 12. The fact ______ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true.

13. ________ the player got the first place made us excited.

14. ________ matters most in learning English is enough practice. 15. ________ breaks the laws will be punished. 二、单项选择

1. I have no idea ______he will come back. A. where

B. when

C. what

D. that 2. The news ______surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that

B. when

C. what

D. how

3. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right. A. what that

B. that which

C. that what

D. which that 4. Word has come _____ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what

B. whether

C. that

D. which 5. They received orders ______ the work be done at once. A .which

B. when

C. /

D .that

6. ______ I can’t understand is ______ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why

B. Which; how

C. That; why

D. What; because 7. I have the information ______. A. of what he’ll come soon

B. that he’ll come soon C. of that he’ll come soon

D. his coming soon 8. He made a promise ______ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that

B. if

C. what

D. that if 9. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ____ night began to fall. A. what; that

B. it; that

C. what; when

D. which; what 10. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a care for AIDS will be found. A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

Step VII. Homework 判断下列从句哪句含同位语从句，哪句含定语从句。

1. The news that he told me is true. 2. The news that he will come is true. 3. One of the men held the view that what

the girl said was right. 4. Word came that he would return from the front before long.

5. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all. 6. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody．

7. The fact that (which) we talked about is very important．

8. There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up.

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教学反思

这节课我复习了名词性从句的定义和分类，主要讲了名词性从句中的主语从句和同位语从句以及同位语从句和定语从句的区别。我先从一首英文歌“Should it be”导入，听歌会让学生觉得比较轻松，而且这首歌旋律优美，比较容易引起学生的兴趣。这首歌包含有较多的名词性从句，我把其中含有名词性从句的歌词挖空，学生听完歌曲后把歌词补充完整。因为这部分语法是复习的内容，所以接下来就简单地把定义和分类复习了一遍。讲解主语从句和同位语从句时给学生呈现了较多的例句和练习，让学生通过这些句子更好地理解对这两种从句。在区别同位语从句和定语从句这个环节，我也是通过大量的句子和练习来分析这两种从句的区别。在最后一个环节，我设计了填空和选择练习让学生在课堂上及时操练来巩固这节课所讲的内容。学生基本能在规定的时间内完成这两部分练习。

总的来说，由于学生课前有预习，课堂上配合得比较好，这节课达到了预期的目标，收到了较好的效果。不足之处是，前面的几个部分讲解用时较多，给学生消化的时间不够，在Practice这个环节中，给学生练习的时间也不太够，巩固的效果还不太满意。在今后的教学中，我会继续学习和改进，在课堂教学中做得更好。

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