Learning about Language第二课时教学实录

周口市文昌中学高一英语组

智慧求真

学本课堂

学习方案设计

Book4 Unit1 Women of Achievement

学习方案设计（课时4）

主备人：杨露露 审核人：

高一英语组

时间:2018.4.06

【课型】: Grammar

【学习重点】: Get students to learn and master the usage of subject-verb agreement . 【学习难点】:Enable students to learn how to use subject-verb agreement.

学

1.Grasp the grammatical rules of subject-verb agreement as the appositive in this unit;learn to 习

put them into practice freely. 目

2.Learn to construct the grammatical trees and use the subject-verb agreement in real 标

situations through self-study and cooperative exploration. 3.Be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English. Step I

Revision: Review what has been learned in previous lessons.

The students find out the subject-verb agreement in the passage:

1. Following Jane's way of studying chimps，our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 2. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.(P2) 3.Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.(P2) 4.Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.(P2) Step

Ⅱ

Discovering useful structures (20 minutes)

一、语法聚焦(主谓一致)

教

(一)主谓一致的基本概念

学

What is subject-verb agreement?什么是主谓一致？

过

所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。

程

Observe and study发现与学习

（一）主谓一致的种类

一、【语法一致】

1. 两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：

1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。

He and she _____both students of this school.他和她都是这个学校的学生。

2)如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。

The knife and fork ____on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。

2. 如果主语是<不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。

When he is coming seems very important. 他什么时候要来看起来很重要。

Collecting stamps is his hobby.

收集邮票是他的爱好。

周口市文昌中学高一英语组

智慧求真

学本课堂

学习方案设计

3. 定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时，要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。

Those who enjoy singing may join us.

Tom, who is your friend, should help you. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数<随主语的变化>而变化。

Eg; The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。

二、[意义一致原则] 指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数,

但在意义上却是单数。）

不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。

All of the apples ____rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。

All of the apple ____rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。

None of the money_____ left. 没有剩下一点钱。None of the students _____ there. 没有学生在那里。

2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,<谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致>。

Half of the students _____finished their composition.

一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。

Half of the apple ____bad.

一半的苹果坏了。

About 60 percent of the students in our school ____boys.

我们学校, 大约百分之六十的学生是男生. 3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。

His family ____going out.

他们全家要外出。

His family ____all music lovers.

他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。

4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.

The cattle are eating grass on the hill. 5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。

Someone is asking for you.

有人找你。

Nothing is found in the room.

在屋子里什么也没找到。

一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如：

The pair of shoes is worn out.

这双鞋破了。

The shoes are worn out. 鞋子破了。

7.某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。

周口市文昌中学高一英语组

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Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。

如：不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词<即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时>，谓语动词仍用单数形式。every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。

Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.

Each man and each woman is asked to attend.

Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。

No sound and no voice is heard.

听不到任何声音。

9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

A number of new books are on the desk.

The number of students in you class is 50. 10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。

Not every means is useful.

不是每种方法都好使。

Not all means are useful.

不是所有的方法都好使。

11.如果主语有more than one很多

非常…或many a许多……构成，one and a half与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如：

More than one student has read the book.

Many a girl has been there.

但是，“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。

如：

More members than one are against your plan.

A pair of shoes was on the desk.

Many a boy has seen it. 许多孩子都看到了。

12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

Thirty years is not a long time.

Roots is a famous American novel. 三、[就近原则] either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。

Neither you nor I am wrong.

There is a cup of tea and some apples on the table. Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. [注意事项] 1在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

例如:Between the two windows hangs a picture. 2.

“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“

a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。

周口市文昌中学高一英语组

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例如: Lots of damage was caused by fire. About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Three-fifths of the workers here are women. 和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是,“the number of + 名词”的中心词却是number。

eg：

A number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.

The number of pages in this book is two hundred. a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

A large quantity of people is needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

例如: Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为

“大量”; in small quantities 意为“少量”。

3. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。

4. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：

One and a half bananas is left on the table. 5.

单复数同形的名词作主语时，依照意义一致的原则，表示单数意义时，谓语用单数；反之，谓语用复数形式。这类名词有：sheep, deer, means(方法、手段),works(工厂),species(种类) 6.

在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

Summary小结

What have we learned in this period? 1)We have learned some collective nouns(集体名词)：

class, family, the public（公众）, team, police, group, government（政府）college, school, crowd(群众), audience（听众）. 2)We have also learned some expressions:

refer to, be considered as, not only…but also…; together with, as well as, both…and…; neither…nor…; either...or…

3)What’s more, we have learned some rules about the subject-verb agreement. 语法一致原则；就近一致原则；意义一致原则。

课

后

反

思