Learning about Language教学设计(第一课时)

听第1段材料，回答第1题。

1．What will the woman do next? A．Read the man's poem. B．Write a poem. C．Ask the man for some advice. 答案：A 听第2段材料，回答第2题。

2．What is Jack's occupation now? A．A secretary.

C．A novelist. 答案：C 听第3段材料，回答第3至5题。

3．What do the speakers both prefer to read? A．Romeo

and

Juliet. B．The novels by Hemingway. C．The

merchant

of

Venice. 答案：B

B．A newspaperman.

4．Why do they like The

Old

Man

and

the

Sea?

A．Because of its simple words and great spirit. B．Because of its moving stories. C．Because of its surprising ending. 答案：A 5．What does the man think of Shakespeare? A．He is a famous learner. B．He is an early American writer. C．He is a literary giant. 答案：C 【技巧点拨】

在听力题中，考生要学会快速分辨同一语义的不同表达。如听力第1题，文中并未直接表明the woman将要读诗，而说成“Let me take a look”。第2题中也未直接点明Jack现在的职业是小说家，而是由“writing novels”和“writing one recently”来表达。

Text 1

M：This is my latest poem. Tell me what you think. W：OK. Let me take a look. Text 2

W：Jack worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that, he started writing novels. M：I know. And he has been writing one recently. Text 3

M：What kind of books do you like? W：I like reading novels about early America. M：Really? Me too. W：Which one do you like best? M：I prefer the novels by Hemingway, such as The

Old

Man

and

the

Sea. I like the simple words in his novels. W：Yup. Though the words he used are simple, the spirit he has conveyed is great. M：Absolutely! By the way, I also like reading some famous works by the literary giant William Shakespeare. W：In fact, I have read some of his works. They are great. M：Yes, I like Romeo

and

Juliet and The

merchant

of

Venice. I hope I'll read them again if I have time. W：Well, you will. It's helpful to English learners.

1．核心单词

(1)concrete

(adj.) 具体的

(2)flexible

(adj.) 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的

(3)pattern

(n.) 模式；式样；图案

(4)endless

(adj.) 无穷的；无止境的→end

(vi.& n．) 结束；终点

(5)eventually

(adv.) 最后；终于→eventual

(adj.) 最终的；最后的

(6)transform

(vi.& vt.) 转化；转换；改造；变换

(7)appropriate

(adj.) 适当的；正当的

(8)exchange

(n.) 交换；交流；互换

(vt.& vi.) 调换；交换

(9)sponsor

(n.) 赞助人；主办者；倡议者

(vt.) 发起；举办；倡议

(10)darkness

(n.) 黑暗；漆黑→dark

(adj.) 黑暗的

2．阅读单词

(1)convey (vt.) 传达；运送

(2)tease (vi.& vt.) 取笑；招惹；戏弄

(3)translation (n.) 翻译；译文

(4)branch (n.) 枝条；支流；部门

(5)sorrow (n.) 悲伤；悲痛；懊悔

(6)bare (adj.) 赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的

(n.) 最基本的要素

(7)forever (adv.) 永远

(8)section (n.) 部分；节；切下的块

(9)warmth (n.) 暖和；温暖

(10)scholarship (n.) 奖学金；学问；学术成就

(11)load (n.) 负担；负荷物

【即景活用】

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1．You are bound to improve your English if you learn useful sentence ________ (pattern)．

答案：patterns 2．He tried not to be

involving himself in this ________ (end) argument. 答案：endless 3．It gave him a feeling of ________ (warm) and made him feel that they were home at last. 答案：warmth 4．________ (eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult. 答案：Eventually 5．When I was young, my brothers used ________ (tease) me all the time. 答案：to tease 6．The supermarket has more than 20 ________ (branch) all over the world. 答案：branches 7．They are determined ________ (transform) the mountainous areas in five years.

答案：to transform 8．They ________ (exchange) presents with one another and had pictures taken. 答案：exchanged 9．He lay in the ________ (dark), pretending to sleep. 答案：darkness 10．Mr Black is

one of the ________ environmental protection organization. 答案：sponsors

联想积累

1．后缀-ness高频名词荟萃

①darkness 黑暗

②sickness 疾病

③loneliness 孤独

④happiness 快乐

⑤sadness 悲伤

⑥kindness 善良

2．“取笑与愚弄”面面观

①tease 取笑；戏弄

②laugh at 嘲笑

③make fun of 取笑

④make

fool of 愚弄

⑤play tricks/a trick on 戏弄

⑥play jokes/a joke on 戏弄

3．以-ship为后缀的高频名词一览

①scholarship 奖学金

②friendship 友谊

③leadership 领导地位

(sponsor) of the

④relationship 关系

⑤hardship 苦难

⑥membership 成员资格

⑦championship 锦标赛；冠军赛

1．stay_up

熬夜

2．take_it_easy

轻松；不紧张；从容

3．run_out_of

用完

4．be_made_up_of

由……组成

5．be_popular_with

受……欢迎

6．in particular

尤其；特别

7．be translated into

被译成

8．transform ... into ...

把……改变成……

9．try out

测试；试验

10．let out

突然发出(大的声音);_ 放学；散场

【即景活用】

用所给短语的适当形式填空

take it easy，

let out，

be translated into，

be popular with，

stay up，

in particular 1．Is there anything ________ you'd like for dinner? 答案：in particular 2．He ________ a cry of disbelief. 答案：let out 3．________ and you'll feel better soon. 答案：Take

it easy 4．The novel ________ several languages all over the world in the

past five years. 答案：has been translated into 5．I used to ________ late with my mother and watch movies. 答案：stay up 6．These products will surely ________ young consumers. 答案：be popular with

联想积累

1．“动词＋on”必备短语荟萃

①hold on 别挂断；继续

②turn on 打开

③keep on 继续

④rely/depend on 依靠

⑤bring on 引起

⑥figure on 打算；计划；预料到

⑦get on 进展；友好相处

⑧insist on 坚持

⑨live on 以……为生；靠……生活

⑩pass on 把(信息)传给；把(尤指疾病)遗传给

2．let短语荟萃

①let out 放学；散场；突然发出(大的声音) ②let alone 更不用说；更谈不上(用于否定句之后) ③let sb. off

饶恕某人；放过某人

④let (sb.) down 使(某人)失望/情绪低沉

⑤let sb./sth. go 放开；松手；放弃

⑥let up 饶恕；放过；放松(努力)；减弱；缓和

1．Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. 有些诗以某种方式讲述故事或描述某事，这样给读者留下深刻的印象。

2．Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C)．

有些诗押韵(像B)，但也有些不押韵(像C)。

【句式仿写】

1．I don't like the way ________ you talk to your parents. 我不喜欢你对你父母说话的方式。

答案：in which/that

2．He was reading ________ I was watching TV last night. 昨晚他在读书而我在看电视。

答案：while

联想积累

1．while用法小结

句中while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比，相当于whereas，译作“而，可是”。此外，while还有其他含义。

①引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。

②引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管，虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。

③引导条件状语从句，相当于as long as，意为“只要”。

④while用作名词，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。

2．way作先行词时，定语从句引导词的选择

way作先行词，意为“方式”，后接定语从句，若引导词在从句中作状语，关系词有三种形式，即in which/that/(不填)；若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系词用that或which，作宾语时，关系代词可省略。

[单词点津] convey

vt. 传达；表达；运送

[教材原句]Others try to convey certain emotions. 而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。

convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传递某事物

convey sb./sth. from A to B 把某人或某物从A地运送到B地

convey one's appreciation/thanks to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表示感谢

convey one's feelings/sorrow/messages/best wishes 表达某人的感情/难过/信息/最好的祝愿

[图解助记]

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①I find it hard ________ (convey) my feelings in words. ②Our every emotion and mood can ________ (convey) with the help of facial expressions and body language. 答案：①to convey

②be conveyed (2)完成句子

I would like to __________________ you for your help.

我想对您的帮助表示感谢。

答案：convey my appreciation/thanks to branch

n.

枝条；支流；部门

vi. 分岔；分支

[教材原句]A fallen blossom is coming back to the branch. 落下的花朵回到了树枝上。

branch off 分岔；分支branch out into doing sth. 涉足新工作；拓展新业务到做某业务

[图解助记]

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①The company's head office is in the city, but it has ________ (branch) all over the country. ②Go straight along and you'll find the road that branches ________ to the right. 答案：①branches

②off (2)完成句子

Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening ________ in Beijing. 马克需要学习汉语，因为他的公司要在北京开设一个分公司。

答案：a branch transform

vt.& vi. 转化；转换；改造；变换

[教材原句]Never looking back, Transformed into stone. 化为石，不回头。

(1)transform ...

into ... 把……转换成……

transform into 转化成；改造为

be transformed from ... into ... 由……变成……；由……迁到……

(2)transformation n. 改变；转变；变革

make a/the transformation 转变；改变

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①I was a student and had my life ________ (transform) by that experience. ②We are living in a time of social ________ (transform)．

答案：①transformed

②transformation (2)完成句子

①Every moment of every day, energy __________________ from one form into another. 每时每刻能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。

②It is amazing that the faraway village ____________________ a famous city in only ten years. 令人惊奇的是，仅仅在十年内，那个遥远的小村庄就变成了一座著名的城市。

答案：①is being transformed

②has been transformed into exchange

n. 交换；交流；互换

vt.& vi. 交换；调换

[教材原句]If there had not been an exchange programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad. 如果以前没有交换学生的项目，他不会找到资助人赞助他出国。

(1)an exchange student 交换生

make an exchange 交换

in exchange for 作为交换(……) (2)exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物

exchange A for B

把A换成B exchange ideas 交流思想

[图解助记]

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①The Internet enables us to exchange ideas ________ many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions. ②It is ridiculous to waste time ________ (exchange) words with such a man. 答案：①with

②exchanging (2)单句改错

①You can exchange your money into dollars here. ______________________________________________________ ②The girl gave her sister a sweater in exchange with a skirt. ______________________________________________________ 答案：①into→for

②with→for [短语点拨] take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容

[教材原句]We would have won ... if we hadn't taken it easy. 我们本来会夺冠……，如果我们没有放松警惕。

take one's time 别着急；慢慢来

take sth. seriously 重视某事；对某事严肃对待

take it for granted that ... 认为……理所当然

take ... as ... 把……当作……

take one's chance 碰运气

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①When people ask you to do something, you should take it ________ (serious)．

②Some of us always take ________ for granted that our parents

should take care of us. 答案：①seriously

②it (2)完成句子

①Just ____________ and tell us what happened. 别急，告诉我们发生了什么事。

②______________ to reflect before doing important things. 在做重要的事情之前要从容不迫地思考一下。

答案：①take it easy

②Take your time run out of 用完

[教材原句]We would have won ... if we hadn't run out of energy. 我们本来会夺冠……，如果我们没有筋疲力竭。

run across 偶然遇到run after 追逐；追求run away 逃跑；跑开

run into 偶然遇见；撞上run out 某物用完；耗尽【特别提醒】

run out of run out give out use up

【即景活用】

完成句子

①If we keep using the water like this, we'll soon ____________ . 如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。

及物动词短语，主语一般为人，表示主动意义

不及物动词短语，主语一般是物(时间、金钱、食物等)，相当于give out 不及物动词短语，也可以表示人的力气用完或者人筋疲力尽

及物动词短语，相当于run out of

②The mother's patience is ____________ . 这位母亲的耐心快要耗尽了。

③His strength ________ after he ran that long distance. 跑完那么远的距离后他的力气耗尽了。

答案：①run out of it/use it up

②running out ③gave out let out 突然发出(大的声音)；散场；放学；放宽(衣服) [教材原句]Slowly the blackbird lets out a cry. 那只乌鸫慢慢地发出一声叫声。

let sb. down 让某人失望

let sb./sth. in 让某人/某物进来

let alone 更不用说；更谈不上

let ... out of ... 把……从……放出来/让……从……出来

【即景活用】

完成句子

①When does the movie ________ ? 电影什么时候散场？

②I'm counting on you to support me, so don't _________________ . 我指望你支持我呢，别让我失望。

③He hasn't enough money for food, ____________ amusements. 他连温饱都无法解决，更不用说娱乐了。

答案：①let out

②let me down

③let alone [句型与语法] [教材原句]With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. 有这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗了。

句中的“With so many different forms of poetry to choose from”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构，其常见形式如下：

1with＋宾语＋doing 表示主动、进行2with＋宾语＋done表示被动、完成3with＋宾语＋to do 表示将来的动作4with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. with的复合结构亦可作后置定语。

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①With the crowds ________ (cheer), they drove to the palace. ②He stood for a moment with his hands ________ (raise)．

③With so many essays ________ (write), he won't have time to go shopping this morning. 答案：①cheering

②raised

③to write (2)单句改错

①With his work finishing, he gladly accepted the invitation. ______________________________________________________ ②The teacher came into the classroom a book in his hand. ______________________________________________________ 答案：①finishing→finished

②classroom后加with [教材原句]Should the traveller return, this stone would utter speech. 行人归来石应语。

(1)句中Should the traveller return是虚拟条件句的倒装结构，相当于If the traveller should return，是表示将来的虚拟语气。

(2)当if引导的虚拟条件句中有had, were, should时，可将if省去，将had, were, should提前，构成倒装语序。

【即景活用】

(1)单句语法填空

①________ he taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. ②________ (be) there no air or water, there would be no living

things on the earth. 答案：①Had

②Were (2)完成句子

If you ______________ , you would have succeeded. ＝__________________ , you would have succeeded. 如果你努力学习，你或许已经成功了。

答案：had studied hard; Had you studied hard

Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong __1__ (impress). Others try to convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express __2__ (they). For example, the language of nursery rhymes __3__ (be) concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. And list poems

have __4__ flexible

line

length

and __5__ (repeat) phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Another

simple

form

of

poem

is

the

cinquain, __6__ is made up of five lines and can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that __7__ (make) up of 17 syllables. And __8__ course there are Tang poems from China which you may enjoy in particular. With so many different forms of poetry __9__ (choose) from, students may __10__ (eventual) want to write poems of their own. 1．________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

7.________

8.________

9.________

10.________

答案：1.impression

2.themselves

3.is

4.a

5.repeated 6．which

7.is made

8.of

9.to choose

10.eventually

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Is there anything ________ particular that you want to talk about? 答案：in

in particular为固定的介词短语，作后置定语，修饰anything，意为“特别的”。

2．If we ________ (exchange) telephone number last week, I would have no trouble getting in touch with you now. 答案：had exchanged

该句为错综时间虚拟条件句。由last week可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故应填had exchanged。

3．Although ________ (tease) about fatness, she still has confidence in her performance of daily life. 答案：teased

主语she与tease之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。

4．This is a poem that perfectly ________ (convey) to the readers what the poet feels. 答案：conveys

由主句谓语动词is和从句中的feels可以判断用一般现在时。定语从句的先行词为a poem，为单数形式，故从句谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式conveys，该从句含有“convey sth. to sb.”的结构。

5．She always exchanges words ________ her neighbours. 答案：with

exchange ... with ...

“和……交换……”。

6．Since then it ________ (transform) itself from a small fishing village into a major financial centre. 答案：has transformed

由since then可知，句子应用现在完成时。

7．In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children. 答案：while

while “而，然而”，可用于表示两种情况的对比。

8．With something important ________ (talk) about with you, you must stay here. 答案：to talk

该句为“with＋宾语＋to do”复合结构，to do表示将来的动作。

9．He just took ________ for granted that he would pass the exam. 答案：it

take it for granted that ... 为常用句式，意为“认为……是理所当然的”。

10．I think her ________ (translate) of the article is much better. 答案：translation

由her可知，应填所给词的名词形式translation，意为“翻译；译文”。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．They ran out off money and had to abandon the project.

______________________________________________________ 答案：off→of

run out of “用完……”，相当于use up。

2．Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are run out. We must cut immediately before there's none left. ______________________________________________________ 答案：run→running

当主语是物时，run out是不及物动词，表示“耗尽”，没有被动语态，应改为进行时，表示即将耗尽。

3．With more and more trees cutting down, some animals are facing the danger of dying out. ______________________________________________________ 答案：cutting→cut

cut down和trees之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作with复合结构中的宾语补足语。

4．The baby can't even sit up yet, let out walk! ______________________________________________________ 答案：out→alone

let out通常意为“发出(大的声音)”；let alone常用在否定句中，意为“更不用说”，根据语境，应改out为alone。

5．I try to make what I want to say easy accepted by children. ______________________________________________________ 答案：easy→easily

修饰动词accept应用副词形式，故将easy改为easily。

Ⅲ.语法填空

Have you ever heard that we humans use only ten percent of our brains? This myth holds __1__ certain appeal because if it __2__ (be) true, then we could instantly become ten times __3__ (intelligent) just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain! The idea that we use only a small fraction of the brain dates back to animal experiments in the 19th century. When scientists __4__ (stimulate) a specific part of the brain, the animal moved __5__ (it) leg or tail. And some scientists assumed that large parts of the brain were simply useless. Then, in the early 20th century, scientists observed that stimulating certain regions of the brain had no physical effects, which __6__ (call)

the “silent cortex”. Today we know that much of the “silent cortex” is actually devoted to complex activities like language, learning and imagining. Actually, __7__ we sleep, many areas of the brain are extremely active. Would you be smarter if your entire brain constantly worked to maximum capacity? __8__ (interest) enough, the opposite is probably true. The less brain activity you need to perform a __9__ (give) task, the more the brain as a whole is capable __10__ doing. 1．________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

7.________

8.________

9.________

10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。我们人类只使用了大脑的百分之十？是否激活沉睡的大部分大脑我们就可以比现在聪明十倍？很遗憾，科学证明事实并不是这样的！

1．a

考查冠词。hold a certain appeal “有一些吸引力”。

2．were

考查虚拟语气。根据空格后的“then we could instantly become ...”可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气，故此处用were。

3．more intelligent

考查形容词的比较级。由设空前的“ten times”可知，此处表示比较，指(比以前)聪明十倍，应填形容词的比较级，而intelligent是多音节形容词，故填more intelligent。

4．stimulated

考查动词的时态。本句描述19世纪科学家所做的实验，因此用一般过去时。

5．its

考查代词。这里its指代the animal's。

6．are

called

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中指代regions，此处描述一种研究发现，且call与regions是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填are called。

7．as/when

考查连词。这句话的意思是“事实上，当我们睡觉的时候，大脑的很多区域都是极度活跃的”。

8．Interestingly

考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修

饰后面的整个句子，因此此处要用副词Interestingly。

9．given

考查非谓语动词。此处given作定语修饰task，由于give与task之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。

10．of

考查介词。be capable of doing sth. “有能力做某事”。

Ⅳ.短文改错

Dear Steven，

I would like to invite you to the annually Coming-of-age Ceremony of our school. This big event would be held in the school auditorium from 9 am to 11 am in March 12. All the Senior Three students are expect to attend it with the company of their parents and teachers. The Coming-of-age Ceremony is really a good chance for we students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well our patient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, that means we have grown up and it is time we shoulder more responsibilities for the family and society. I'd appreciate it if you could come and share with the unforgettable moment with us. I'm looking forward to your arrive! Yours，

Li Hua 答案：

Dear Steven，

I would like to invite you to the annually

Coming-of-age ①annualCeremony of our school. This big event would

be held in the school auditorium from 9 am ②willto 11 am in

March 12. All the Senior Three students are expect

to ③on④expectedattend it with the company of their parents and teachers. The Coming-of-age Ceremony is really a good chance for we

⑤us

students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well ∧

our ⑥aspatient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, that

⑦whichmeans we have grown up and it is time we ∧

/ shoulder

more ⑧shouldshoulderedresponsibilities for the family and society. I'd appreciate it if you could come and share with＼

the unforgettable ⑨moment with us. I'm looking forward to your arrive

! ⑩arrivalYours，

Li Hua 难项分析：

第四处：expect→expected

考查被动语态。expect与Senior Three students之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用被动语态，故把expect改为expected。

第七处：that→which

考查定语从句的引导词。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，且引导词指代主句整体内容，故只能用which。

第八处：shoulder前加should或者shoulder→shouldered

考查虚拟语气。“It is (high) time that＋从句”结构中，从句谓语动词要用过去式或用“should＋动词原形”，且should不可省略。

单元加餐练

Ⅰ.完形填空

I gave up smoking on April 1, 2012. I wanted to __1__ for many reasons, but there are two most urgent reasons. Firstly, I was waiting for the arrival of my new grandchild who would be __2__ in our house, so I would not be able to smoke in the house any longer. Secondly, my other son and his wife were in __3__ need of free babysitting to free them from the enormous __4__ of childcare for their three children so they could buy a house. I had been smoking for 37 years and was smoking at

least 50 cigarettes a day.

I had tried to stop smoking __5__ in the past，so I thought about all the __6__ why I wasn't successful and decided to make it this time.

I __7__ a date on which I would stop in order to force

myself. I purchased nicotine patches (贴片) to cure the

headaches and __8__ from nicotine withdrawal, and I put

the rest of my cigarettes in my purse to __9__ with me at

all times to __10__ thinking I was out of cigarettes. I

know that must sound crazy but __11__ I was without

cigarettes I would be __12__ and need to go to buy more

right away. I also __13__ the nicotine from my home, put all

ashtrays (烟灰缸) away and my __14__ became “I am a

non-smoker.” When the date

arrived,

I

began my __15__；

I imagined that the cigarettes were __16__ me and that I was not tolerating (忍受) it any longer. Gradually I developed a(n) __17__ for those cigarettes and became __18__ to get rid of their control. At first it was one minute at a time. Later 30 minutes would go by __19__ thinking of a smoke. That was 3 years ago and I am really a non-smoker now. My son and his wife brought their baby home and my husband and I __20__ having our granddaughters here every day. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者下定决心戒烟并最终成功的故事。

1．A.apply

C．attempt B．follow D．quit

答案：D

由第一句中的“I gave up smoking”可以推断此处表示“我”戒烟有很多原因。quit “放弃”，符合文意。

2．A.interested

C．living

B．standing D．allowed 答案：C

“我”不能在家吸烟的最紧迫的原因之一是全家人都在等待孙子的降临，而孩子要住在“我”家。故选living。根据最后一段的最后一句也可以推断出。

3．A.poor

C．straight B．efficient D．extreme 答案：D

由本句中的“for their three children”可知，他们的宝宝需要我们免费照料的程度很迫切，故选extreme “极度的；极其。”

4．A.tasks

C．strength

B．expenses D．time 答案：B

由本句中的“free babysitting (免费临时照看婴儿)”和“of childcare for their three children”以及so引导的结果状语从句“这样他们就能买套房子”可知，应选B，表示照料三个孩子的巨大开销。

5．A.unsuccessfully

C．quickly

B．unexpectedly D．quietly 答案：A

根据第6空后的“why I wasn't successful”可知，作者过去试图戒烟，可是没有成功，故选unsuccessfully。

6．A.things

C．warnings

7．A.organized

C．set

B．reasons D．complaints B．reserved

D．paused 答案：B

“我”在琢磨自己戒烟失败的原因，故选reasons。

答案：C

根据下一段第二句中的“When the date arrived ...”可知此处表示“设定日期，限定期限”。故选set。

8．A.confusion

C．benefit

B．loss D．discomfort

答案：D

“我”买来尼古丁贴片以帮助缓解头痛和(香烟中的)尼古丁味突然消失而产生的不适(discomfort)。

9．A.share

C．keep

B．combine D．associate 答案：C

根据语境可知，“我”把剩下的香烟保留在钱包里用来避免想到没有香烟，“我”就必须立即去买的冲动。keep “保留”。

10．A.deny

C．regret

B．avoid D．remember 答案：B

由空前后的“with me at all times”和“was out of”可知应选avoid，即表示避免“我”去想没有烟了。

11．A.whatever

C．wherever

B．whichever D．whenever 答案：D

由设空前的“must sound crazy”和转折连词“but”可知，应选whenever “无论何时”，符合语境。

12．A.curious C．comfortable

上去买一些。故选anxious。

13．A.cleaned

C．separated

B．collected D．discovered B．happy D．anxious 答案：D

无论何时，只要没有香烟“我”就会感到焦虑，要马答案：A

根据下文中的“put all ashtrays (烟灰缸) away”可知“我”把尼古丁清理出家门。故选cleaned。

14．A.choice

C．excuse

故选motto。

15．A.journey

C．struggle

B．devotion D．application B．motto D．theme 答案：B

“我”的座右铭变成了“我是一个不吸烟的人。”，答案：C

由下文所述作者戒烟的艰难过程可知，应选struggle，

其他三项均不符合语境。

16．A.in search of

C．in control of

B．in favor of D．in memory of 答案：C

“我”想象着自己受控于香烟并且再也不用忍受了。in control of sb. “控制某人”。下文中的“__18__ to get rid of their control”也可知应选C。

17．A.love

C．appreciation

B．hate D．sorrow 答案：B

由第18空后的“get rid of their control”可知，应选B。hate “厌恶，憎恨”，表示作者对香烟开始厌恶。

18．A.determined

C．accustomed determined。

19．A.upon

C．through

件事，without符合语境。

20．A.expect C．forget B．finish D．enjoy B．with D．without B．addicted D．satisfied 答案：A

根据后文可知，为了戒烟，作者下定了决心，故选答案：D

根据语境可知，“我”逐步地让自己不再去想抽烟这答案：D

后来儿子和儿媳把宝宝带回了家，现在“我”和丈夫在家里照看孙女们，享受着天伦之乐，故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Do you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your life? Why is

it that decades later it still stands out in your mind? Probably the main reason is that some aspect of that poem resonates (引起共鸣) with you. In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students. Poetry allows

us

to

experience

strong

spiritual connections

to things around us and to the past. Thus, it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this_common_need of the human heart and soul. As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected various strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another.

Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “With this key mankind unlocked his heart.”

School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves,

their students and their staff members. Beyond the simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication, create meaning and a culture of care and attention. Since

schools

are

mainly

about

people

and relationships, school leaders, like poets, are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. The use of poetry—or even of some techniques of poetry—in school leadership not only helps to improve communication, but also serves to meet the human need for inspiration. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章作者通过阐释诗歌的价值和精神力量，鼓励学校领导将诗歌的力量转化到学校管理中。

1．Who is the passage mainly for? A．Students. C．School leaders.

B．School teachers. D．Poets. 答案：C

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句的“you too as a school leader”可知，本文主要是写给学校领导的。

2．According to the passage, some poems are unforgettable mainly because ________ . A．they are easy to understand B．they usually tell true stories C．they can inspire people's imagination

D．they can touch people's hearts 答案：D

推理判断题。根据第一段的后两句话可知，有些诗之所以让人难忘是因为它们的某些方面能够引起人们的共鸣，同样，学校领导也可以触动自己的职员和学生的心灵。由此可知其主要原因是这些诗歌可能触动人们的心灵。

3．The underlined part “this common need” in the second paragraph refers to ________ . A．the need to read poetry B．the need to be inspired C．the need to learn about the past D．the need to be connected with other people 答案：B

推理判断题。根据第二段第二句的“... it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches.”以及文章末句中的“... serves to meet the human need for inspiration.”可知，这种共同的需要是指inspiration。

B

The Style Invitational is a humor/wordplay contest, through which we seek to bring a variety of clever humor every week to the readers of The

Washington

Post. While our ultimate goal is to get you to write great stuff for us for less than peanuts, we do aim to judge the contest as fairly and carefully as we reasonably can. This week we're not following every one of the poem's many rules—there is only one rule for the contest. The poem must be about a specific person and must include at least some part of his name. Winner gets the Inkin' Memorial ($12), the Lincoln statue bobblehead that is the official Style Invitational trophy (奖品). Second place wins a souvenir snow castle ($8) from Brussels, featuring a little statue that seems to be producing a fountain of snow and donated by Continual Snow Globe Donor Cheryl Davis. Other runners-up win their choice of a Loser Mug ($6) or the greatly desired “Whole Fools” Grossery Bag ($4)．

E-mail entries to losers@washpost. com or, if you were born in the 20th century, fax to 202-334-4312. Deadline is Monday, June 22; results published July 12 (online July 10). No more than 25 entries per entrant per contest. Include “Week 1076” in your e­mail subject line or it might be ignored as spam (垃圾邮件). Include your real name，postal address and phone number with your entry. See contest rules and guidelines at wapo.st/InvRules. You can join the lively Style Invitational Devotees group on Facebook at on.fb.me/invdev. The Empress's weekly online column discusses each new contest and its results. Especially if you plan to enter, check it out at wapo.st/styleconv. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于一次诗歌比赛的参赛注意事项。

4．The poem is required to be about ________ . A．a joke C．a newspaper B．a person D．a kind of food 答案：B

细节理解题。由第二段中的“The poem must be about a specific person”可知，本次诗歌比赛的诗作应是关于具体的人。

5．You can hand in your entries ________ . A．by fax only C．by e-mail only to”可知应选D。

6．Along with your entries, you should also provide your ________ . A．real name C．ID number B．pen name D．e-mail address B．by mail or fax D．by e-mail or fax 答案：D

细节理解题。由第四段开头的“E-mail entries to ... fax 答案：A

细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Include your real name ...”可知参赛作品应提供真实姓名。

7．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A personal diary. C．A news report. B．A contest notice. D．A lesson plan. 答案：B

推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文主要是关于诗歌比赛的注意事项，故本文出自一则诗歌比赛的通知。

Ⅲ.短文改错

In a few years to come, school life will be very different from that it is now. Video lesson will be widely used and we will need to study a lot by ourselves in our

spare time. So it is important that we must learn efficiently and develop a well habit. As for me, I have benefited a lot from previewing lessons, get actively involved in class, and reviewing what has taught in class. In an addition, we should learn how to get along with other. Respecting teachers and classmates are a must. It is with sincerity and faithfulness which we can create a harmonious atmosphere. 答案：

In a few years to come, school life will be very different from that

①whatit is now. Video lesson

will be widely used and we will need to study a ②lessonslot by ourselves in our spare time. So it is important that we must＼

/ must

③shouldlearn efficiently and develop a well

habit. As for me, I have benefited a ④goodlot from previewing lessons, get

actively involved in class, and ⑤gettingreviewing what has ∧

taught in class. ⑥beenIn ＼an

addition, we should learn how to get along with other. ⑦⑧othersRespecting teachers and classmates are

a must. It is with sincerity and ⑨isfaithfulness which

we can create a harmonious atmosphere. ⑩that

1．that→what

考查宾语从句。what引导宾语从句且在从句中作is的表语。

2．lesson→lessons

考查名词的数。lesson为可数名词，故应用复数形式，表示泛指。

3．去掉must或must→should

考查虚拟语气。“It is important that ...”句型中，谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”，故去掉must或must改为should。

4．well→good

考查形容词。修饰名词habit，应用形容词作定语，a good habit意为“一个好习惯”。

5．get→getting

考查非谓语动词。getting与previewing, reviewing并列，作介词from的宾语。

6．has后加been

考查动词的语态。teach与what之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态，其完成时的构成为：have/has been done。

7．去掉an

考查固定搭配。in addition意为“此外；另外”。

8．other→others

考查代词。此处应用others意为“其他人”，表泛指。

9．are→is

考查主谓一致。单个动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

10．which→that

考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，本句是强调句，即“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that ...”句型，故将which改为that。