Learning about Language全国优秀课堂实录

教学设计

现在完成时的被动语态

一、教学内容

学习现在完成时的被动语态

二、教学目标

学生能够正确理解、掌握并运用现在完成时的被动语态

三、教学方法

讲解法

操练巩固法

四、教学手段

多媒体辅助

黑板

五

教学过程

Step 1

Review

现在完成时

(have/has + 过去分词) 现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。

（1）现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, 等

We have discussed the plan yesterday.

(这个句子正确吗？)

（2）现在完成时常与表示不明确的时间副词连用already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等

（3）还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days等。

Step2 现在完成时的被动语态

概念：现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其基本构成是:

。

1. The dirty clothes have been washed.

脏衣服都已经洗了。

2. The plan

by the

experts for three times.

这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。

主要用法

1. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。

e.g. The door

.

门已经被锁上了。

2. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可

能持续下去。

e.g. He

about it for many

times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。

3. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。

e.g. We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.

工作一完成我们就立即动身。

Pay attenion to 1.

副词的位置

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。

如:

Such a man has been hardly believed.

Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态

1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动

1

语态。如：

Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.

Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

The door has been opened of itself.

The door has opened of itself.

3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词

或副词。如：

The SARS patients have been taken good care of.

4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。

如：

My brother has had (

) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 5.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态强调的是与现在的联系。

The library

last year.

这座图书馆是去年建成的。

The library

.

这座图书馆已经建好了。

Step 3

Practice I 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. In the last few years thousands of films _____ all over the world.

(天津2011) A. have produced

B. have been produced

C. are producing

D. are being produced 2. Experiments of this kind _____ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.

(北京2011) A. have conducted

B. have been conducted

C. had conducted

D. had been conducted 4. His sister left home in 1998, and

_____ since.

(2009全国卷I) A. had not been heard of

B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of

D. has not heard of 5. I like these English songs and they

_____ many times on the radio.

A. taught

B. have taught

C. are taught

D. have been taught 6. Though we don’t know what was

discussed, yet we can feel the topic

_____.

(陕西2008) A. had changed

B. will change

C. was changed

D. has been changed 7. I got caught in the rain and my suit _________.

(北京2007) A. has ruined

B. had ruined

C. has been ruined

D. had been ruined II用被动语态改写下列句子。

1. They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now. The construction of the new railway lines

by them by now.

2. We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year. A new library and a gymnasium

in our school this year by us.

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3. The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution. A great many fine cars

by the car factory since the technological revolution. 4. They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area. A plan

by them to help the poor children in the poor area. 5. The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project. A lot of money

on the Hope Project by the government. III

Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. EXAMPLE: We have made a plan. -A plan has been made 1. My friend has bought a new personal computer.

2. The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.

3. An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.

4. We have not solved the problem yet.

5 .The company has given its computers away to a local school.

6. The scientists have developed a kind of intelligent robot. Step 4 Homework Finish the exercises of workbook on page 57.

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