Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending课堂实录

Sailing the oceans教学设计

教学目标：阅读训练

教学重点：快读和细读训练

教学难点：了解航海技能，激发航海热情。

教学步骤：

Step I

Warming Up

In pairs discuss these questions:(了解navigator和explorer的差别，以及著名的航海家) 1 What is a navigator? 2 What is the difference between a navigator and an explorer?

3 Look at these famous people. Are they navigators or explorers? What do you know about them? Step II Pre-reading（了解航海用具）

Look at the pictures on page 11. Then answer the questions. 1 How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented?

2 Which do you think was easier to work out: latitude or longitude? 3 Can you identify these early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they are used?

1

_________________________

2

_________

3

_________

4

________________________

4 Which ones do you think are still used today? Step III Reading（训练阅读技能）

Now read about what navigation was like before modern instruments were used. 1 Read the passage and answer the following questions. 1 What is the use of a bearing circle, astrolabe, quadrant or sextant? (

)

What is the use of a compass? (

)

A

to set the course of the ship

B

to measure the position of the ship

C

to measure the speed of the ship

D

to tell the time 2Why are speed and time important in working out the longitude of a ship? 3 Why is the position of the sun and various

stars useful for working out latitude? 4 What would you do if you came across the following problems during your voyage?

Read the chart below and fill in your plans of action to deal with them. What would you do if: You were far from land and a storm arose.

Plan of action

You knew your latitude but didn't know your

longitude. You were blown off-course.

You were offshore but you needed more food

and water. You wanted to keep a straight course. You were lost with no land in sight.

5.Read the passage again and use the information to analyse the navigational skills.

Write the answers in your own words.

Using nature 1.To find the ship’s position at sea a sailor used the North Star and the sun. 2

A sailor knew that land was nearby if he saw fresh seaweed, nesting birds returning home in the evening or fog

3

Sailors used sea currents or tides and winds to increase their speed.

Using instruments

4

There were two methods to find

longitude:

1

_________________________

2

_______________________

____________________ . 5

Write down the working principles

of the following instruments:

Beating circle: _________________________________________________ .

Astrolabe: ________________________________ Quadrant: _______________________________________________________________________________ Sextant: _______________________________________________________________________________ Step IV Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hold ten items. What would you need for a week's journey across the North Sea to England?

（学以致用）