Learning about Language教学教案设计

Unit3 Learning about Language Teaching Aims：

1.Help the students to learn to use some useful words and expressions. 2.Enable the students to learn how to use the present perfect passive voice. Teaching Important Point：

The use of the present perfect passive voice. Teaching Difficult Points：

How to master the usages of some important words and phrases and the present perfect passive voice. Teaching Methods：

1.Task-based learning. 2.Cooperative learning. 3.Explanation and practice. Teaching Aids：

1.A tape recorder. 2.A multimedia. Teaching Procedures：

Step 1

Lead-in Step 2

Words and Expressions Task 1 T：Please turn to Page 20 and finish Discovering useful words and expressions.At first，look at Ex.1.From the reading passage，find the words and expressions with the following meanings.Now，ten students will be asked to give the words.Who can?Volunteers! Check the answers together. Task 2 T：Well done.Now please look at Ex 2. and complete the passage with some of the words above.Pay attention to the use and the forms of those words. Step 3

Study the Present Perfect Passive Voice Task1 Lead-in 感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题

1．Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 2．First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop，I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3．Over time my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget anything I have been told!

4．Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 5．I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.

1．以上几句中所使用的时态和语态是现在完成时的被动语态。

2．现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/has been＋过去分词。

Task2 Explanation 现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用当中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。

运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：

1．构成

现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/has been＋过去分词。

2．各种句式

肯定式

否定式

一般疑问式

特殊疑问式

3.使用的场合

(1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till/to now，since...，before...等连用。

Thousands of man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 许多国家已经发射了数千颗人造卫星到太空中。

The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet. 还没有派人去请医生。

(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中。

The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。

How long has the machine been used?

这台机器使用多久了？

More than ten bridges have been built over the river in this city since it set up a new economic zone. 自从这个城市建立了一个新经济开发区以来，这条河上已经建了十多座桥了。

4．现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题

(1)现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。

一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。

The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建成的。

The bridge has been built.这座桥已经建好了。

(2)含有非延续性动词，如：borrow，finish，begin，buy，start，return，marry，open，join等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则须改换动词或时态。

这本书买了多长时间了？

误How long has this book been bought? 正How long ago was this book bought?

主语＋have/has been done... 主语＋have/has not been done... Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？

特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？

但这类动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式，则可与since或for构成的时间状语连用。

No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来，没有人来买书。

(3)短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。

It is said that the problem has been looked into. 据说已经调查了这个问题。

(4)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

We have built many houses in the past ten years. →Many houses have been built in the past ten years. (5)带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。

We have given him the book. →He has been given the book. →The book has been given to him. (6)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来用省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。

I have told them to help you. →They have been told to help you. Task3 Practice and exercises 单句语法填空

1．Fire extinguishers(灭火器)are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained(train) to do so.(2018·天津) 2．Sarah has been told/was told(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017·全国Ⅲ) 3．Since 1958，they have been recognised(recognise) as the national theatre of Israel.(2017·全国Ⅱ) 4．In recent years，stress has been regarded(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems.(2016·上海) 5．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015·天津) 用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子

1．Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. →Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work. 2．They have found a good place to build a temple in the village. →A good place has been found to build a temple in the village. 3．We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. →How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn’t been decided yet. 4．I have asked her to help you. →She has been asked to help you. 5．We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years.

→Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last 5 years. 语法填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空) Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 6.have been working(work) in Yushu for years.Can you tell me

something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 7.happened(happen)，many soldiers 8.have been sent(send)

there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 9.have been carried(carry) there from all

over the country.Now，most people there 10.live/are living(live) a happy life again. Li Ming：How about the schools there? Lin Tao：Several new schools 11.have been set(set) up and also some schools which 12.were

damaged(damage) in the earthquake 13.have been rebuilt(rebuild)．So all the students

can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That’s wonderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents

come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month. Step4

Homework Finish Exercise 2 on Page21. Do some extra exercises.