Learning about Language教学设计

Unit4 Astronomy

Grammar

Noun Clauses Used as the Subject Teaching goals: ⅰ

Knowledge goals

Enable students learn the usages of noun clauses used as the subject ⅱ

Ability goals 1. To grasp the usages of noun clauses used as the subject

2. To cultivate students’ abilities to solve problems.

ⅲ

Emotion goals 1. Get students to become interested in grammar learning. 2. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.

Teaching Important Points

The usages of noun clauses used as the subject

Teaching Difficult Points

How to use the Subject Clause correctly and properly

Teaching Methods

1. Task -based teaching

2. Cooperative learning.

3. Explanation and practice

Teaching aids

A multimedia, a blackboard

Teaching procedures step1: revision step2: discovering useful structures

Look at the following sentences. Find its subject in each sentence.

1. A tree has fallen across the road. 2. You are a student. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is bad for you. 5. What she said is not yet knows. 6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. It’s certain that we shall be late.

Get the students to discuss, and then the teacher collects answers.

step3: sorting out 考点一：主语从句的连接词

1从属连接词that、whether、if 1）从属连词that:

that在从句中不充当句子成分，无词义。起连接作用，不可省。

Ex. What our team had won first prize made us very happy.

改错

Mo Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature made us very

proud. 2) whether/if 在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”。

whether 引导的主语从句既可以放在句首，也可放在句尾；而

if 引导的主语从句只能放于句尾，前面要用it作形式主语。

Ex. If life exists on other planets is not clear yet. 改错

It is still doubtful

she would play the role. 2.连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, whoever whose 连接代词引导主语从句时，在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。

Ex.

broke the glass yesterday is not clear.

he wants is a storybook.

car you will choose to buy makes no difference.

breaks the law should be punished. Ex: 真题链接

1.Every year,

makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

2.Your support is important to our work.

you can do helps.

3. I think

impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 3.连接副词包括

when、where、why、how, 它们在主语从句中既起连接作用又作状语，分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。

e.g. When and where we shall hold our sports meeting has not been decided yet. 找主语

life began on the earth is one of the biggest mysteries to scientists. Ex. 真题连接

Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is knows to the public, but some won't accept it.

A That

B Why

C Where

D How

考点二: 由it 作形式主语的主语从句

由于主语从句太长，为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句置于句末。这个主语从句常用that 引导。

常见句型：

1. It +be 形容词+ that

necessary, essential, obvious, clear, true, important, possible, likely 当形容词是necessary, important, essential 等时，主语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气即（should）+动词原形。

e.g.

It is necessary that (should) …

有必要…

It is important that (should) ….

重要的是…

It is obvious that…

很明显…

It is likely that...

可能的是... 2. It +be + 名词（词组）+ that 这类名词有

a fact, a good idea, a pity, a shame, no wonder, the case 等。

e.g. It is common knowledge that…

…是常识

It is a surprise that ….

令人惊奇的是…

It is a fact that…

事实是……

It's a great pity that ...

非常遗憾的是...

It's no wonder that...

难怪... 3. It +be +过去分词

that 这类过去分词有reported, well-known, hoped, thought, expected, said, believed, suggested, ordered 等。

当过去分词是suggested, advised, ordered, requested, insisted, required等表示建议、要求命令等的词语时，主语从句的谓语动词为（should）+动词原形,表虚拟。

e.g.

It is believed that…

人们相信…

It is known to us/all that ….

众所周知…

It has been decided that……

已经决定……

It is reported that...

据报道...

It's said that...

据说...

It is suggested that ...

建议.... 4.It +不及物动词+that...

e.g.

It appears that…

似乎…

It happens that ….

碰巧…

It occurred to me that……

我突然想起……

It doesn't matter that...

...是没有关系的

5.It 作形式主语的其他结构

e.g. It makes no difference that...

....没有影响的

It suddenly struck me/ occurred to me that...

我突然想到...

It suddenly occurred to him that...

他突然发现... 考点三

主语从句要注意的问题

1. 主语从句的语序

2.主句谓语动词的单复数

单个从句做主语时，主句谓语动词一般用单数形式。但是what引导的主语从句做主语时，主句谓语动词的数应与主句作表语的名词保持一致：若主句作表语的名词为不可数名词，主句谓语动词应用单数；若主句作表语的名词为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式。

e.g.

What we need

(be) more personal computers.

What we need

(be) more time.

When they will set off for London and where they will stay

(have) not been decided yet.

When and where the conference will be held

(have) not been decided yet. 3. that 引导的主语从句置于句首时，that 不能省略

e.g.

they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.

It is a pity

your parents don't permit you to go with us. 4.what 和that 引导主语从句时的区别

what 引导主语从句时在从句中独立充当句子成分，如主语，宾语，表语；而that在主语从句中不充当句子成分，但不可省略．

______ he said is not true.

______ he will succeed is certain.

5. It 作形式主语和强调句的区分

It is a pity that Mr. Smith can’t attend the meeting.

It is better food and more sunshine that the patient needs. 强调句型:

“It is（/was）+强调部分+that（/who）…”.

强调句去掉It is（或was）…that（或who）…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。

Exercise: 语法填空

1.(_____ is needed for success) is your hard work. 2.(______ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3.(_____ we will go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.

4.(___ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher. 5.(________ it will rain or not) is not clear. 6. (____ the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research. 7.(______ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all. 8. (________ leaves the room last) ought to turn off the lights.

9. (__ )is our hope (that the two sides will work towards peace). 10.It didn’t matter(

others thought of her).

改错：

1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge. 2.If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.

3.That the professor said is of great importance. 4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided. 5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished. 6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question. 7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine. 8. It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.

Summary: 造句

Homework: 《成长资源》p57练习

reflection: