Using LanguageⅠ教学设计思路

语篇语法填空答题技巧

Teaching objects: 1.

掌握语篇语法填空的出题规律

2.

学习并熟练运用语篇语法填空的做题技巧

Teaching procedures 高考这样考---文章巧设10个空，合理运用“___________”

题目这样做——两种题型有侧重，解题思路各不同

1.

通读全文，掌握大意

既然是通过语篇在语境中考查语法，那么，我们在解题前，应该快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常关键。

2. 结合语境，试填空格

读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体可按设题类型分为三种情况：

一、

纯空格试题的解题技巧

纯空格试题需要考生在设空处填入符合上下文逻辑、词法、句法的词汇，主要考查______、_______、_______、情态动词、（定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句等的）_______。

确定填哪类词有以下技巧：

技巧1.

如果空格后是名词（短语），二者搭配可表示泛指或特指，或有序数词、最高级、表特定意义的比较级等，且无提示词，则一般需要填______。

Eg：

I just heard ____ bank where Dora works was robbed by ___gunman wearing a mask.

注意:名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能是填限定词。

It is said that a shot-tempered man(急性子人) in the Song Dynasty(960-1297)was very anxious to help _____rice crop grow up quickly. 技巧2. 若出现以下情况，可考虑填代词

①

句中缺少主语，则填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；

②

The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure. ③

动词或介词后缺少宾语，则要填代词宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it；

In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ______ , knives and forks. ④

空格后为名词，设空处可填形容词性物主代词或不定代词；

Not _______person is honest.并不是每个人都诚实

⑤

宾语与主语是同一人或物，则用反身代词。

He asked ________ to calm down. 技巧3. 若出现以下情况，则考虑填入介词或副词

①

格后如果是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且他们不做主语或宾语时，可能会填介词或副词；

The computer is designed for game lovers, young ones ___ particular. ②若空格前是动词，空格后为名词、动名词，设空处可能会填介词或副词构成动词短语；

The human mind can carry____ many tasks while other animals cannot.

③也可根据介词与名词、动词、形容词等的搭配，如devote to，aware of，on sale等判断是否应该填介词

I am looking forward ___ your reply. 技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。

……two world-famous artists , Pablo Picasso ____Candido Portinari（坎迪多·波尔蒂纳里）,which are worth millions of dollars. ……all I saw this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted（融化）

me ______almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 技巧5：若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。

I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ______I was to return to Guangzhou. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _____he felt very happy……

He filled his leather container with water so that he could bring some back to an elder____ had been his teacher.

技巧6：若结构完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, dose, did, have, has, had等）。

What is acceptable in one country ____be considered extremely rude in another. He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he _____bring home a regular salary. 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

（1）由it is …… that……强调结构形式，判断填it还是that.

……and __________was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG(味精)。

(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only ,do ,neither, nor ,never, hardly, seldom, not until ,had等，还是填do, does, did等。

_________with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 二.有提示词填空的解题技巧

首先，判断到底要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。

技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态和人称。

His fear of failure __________(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her Invitation,_________(close) my book and walked away. In Logan ，three people _________(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式、不定式形式，还是动词原形。

__________(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary……

__________(complete) the project as planned , we will have to work two more hours

a day. _______ (treat) others in the way you want to be treated.

三.词类转换题的解题技巧

根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：

技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式；若做状语，则用副词。

The youngster immediately fell__________(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. Teachers must try their best to make most of their students __________(interest) in the subject. ___________(fortunate), he finished the task he had done.

重读全文，解决难题。

在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾读一遍。

The letter I have been looking forward to _________ (arrive) yesterday.

Homework

1.总结语篇语法填空的做题技巧

2.完成语篇语法填空

Yellowstone National Park is one of the most beautiful places in the U.S. when you walk along the Yellowstone River, you’ll find it

1

(excite). In some parts, there are waterfalls. In other

2

(part), the river

3

(past) between high walls of rock. And you can find a place

4

(swim) in the river. There is a famous spot

5

hot water shoots out of a hole in the ground.

6

comes out about every 90 minutes. The water reaches as high

7

50 meters. It’s something you won’t want to miss.

8

(know) by us all, hot springs here are also famous. Some people say that

9

(go) into hot springs can make a sick person get

10

(well).

Keys: 1. exciting; 2. parts; 3. passes; 4. to swim; 5. where; 6. It; 7. as; 8. known; 9. going; 10. better