Learning about Language教学创新设计

人教版高中英语必修二 Unit 1learning about language

Unit 1 Cultural relics Learning about language Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1. to choose carefully-- select 2. not seen or found very often-- rare 3. welcome area in a hotel --- reception 4. to surprise somebody very much --- amaze 5. no more than-- less than 6. made of wood-- wooden 7. trying to find something; looking carefully for something--- in search of 8. to manage to live or continue in difficulties-- survive 9. to take something away -- remove 10. person who creates things which can be considered works of art -- artist 11. of an earlier period or time; happening before -- former 12. in a situation in which two sides fight each other --- at war

2.

Complete the passage with the words below. rare designed decorated style doubt fancy dynasties amazing worth jewels Chen Lei studied art history and the

early ________ dynasties of China in a university. He was able to recognize the _____ style of different cultural relics from former times, especially the Tang and Song dynasties. One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an _______ amazing object among the many different vases and ______. jewels It was a mirror ________ designed in the Song Dynasty and decorated _________ in the ______ fancy style of that time.

He recognized that it was a _______ rare cultural relic, but at a price he could afford, so he bought it at once. Later he gave it to his local museum. The people there were very happy and without ______ doubt consider it one of the treasures of their collection. To them, it was ______ much more than Chen Lei worth paid. Answer key for exercise 3 A---3

B---2 C---3 D---1 Discovering useful structures Sentences with attributive clauses : 1.This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 2. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. 3. It was also a

treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country?s best artists about ten years to make. Can you find out more the sentences with attributive clauses? Answers to exercise 2: 1.Restrictive attributive clauses give important information to find a particular thing or person from two or more other things or people. ( see the sentence 2 in exercise 1) 2. Non-restrictive attributive clauses give extra information which is interesting or useful but not essential for finding a particular thing or person.( see the sentences 1, 3 in exercise 1) Answer key for exercise 3 Example : 1.Here are the farmers who discovered the underground city last month. 2.Hangzhou is a famous city in China, where many people come to buy tea. 3. I don?t know the reason why she got so angry. Complete 4----10 by yourself….. Answer key for exercise 4 1.whose daughter studies in a key university 2.who discovered the terracotta warriors

3.which was decorated with valuable jewels 4.where she can learn about former dynasties 5.which was drawn by a famous artist in the Tang Dynasty 6. which is very beautiful 7. when we get together to celebrate 8. that I can’t remember 9. which is known for

its good food 10. when the weather was warm and sunny Grammar The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 品味一“翻”

a) She has two brothers who are working in the city. (She has more than two brothers.) 她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。

b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city. (She has only two brothers.) 她有两个弟弟, 他们在这个城市工作。

下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。

a)He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。

b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 他不穿衣服, 这会使他显得与众不同。

非限制性定语从句

She has two brothers, (who are working in the city). 构成：

先行词

+,+ 关系词

+ 其他

部分

关系代词的指代关系

指人

指物

在定语从句中的作用

Who Whom √

主语

宾语

宾语

Which 指代整个主句

√

whose √

√

主语

宾语

定语

关系副词(where, when)的指代关系

指地点

指时间

在定语从句中的作用

Where When tip 介词+which

地点状语

√ 时间状语

that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。

As引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首, 指代

整个的主句。常译为“正如”。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1. 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少

的定语, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或

失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，

写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语

的关系代词常可省略。如: a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there? b) Toronto is a city (that) I've always

wanted to visit. 2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切, 只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句

的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用

逗号分开, 一般不用that引导。非限制性定语

从句中, 关系词不可省略。如：

a)Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London. c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed. 3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词

往往为某一个词或短语, 而特殊场合非限制性

定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非

限制性定语从句常由which引导。

e.g. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 析: 从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年

女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，

因此

先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导

定语从句。

e.g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present. 一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语, 令所有在场

的人感到非常惊讶。

析: 从语境可知, 令所有在场的人感到惊讶

的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个

一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由

which引导非限制性定语从句。

比较下列句子:1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上

大学。(意含: 她还有其他哥哥) Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的, 他总是鼓励她

上大学。(意含: 她只有一个哥哥) 2. All the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。

(意含:不带插图的书则不一定写得好) All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有的书都带插图, 这些书都写得

很好。(意含: 没有不带插图的书) 整理一番

当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时, 往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词

在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。

品读规律

Tom found the ancient book, which was broken. 先行词指物，在从句中做主或宾语，用关系

词which，

不能用that。

As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO in the field. As 引导的非限制性定语从句, 常位于

句首, which不可以。

I like the house, whose windows face the sea. 先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词

whose Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends. 介词+关系代词，介词的选用，要根据从句的谓

语动词的构成。

People will remember August 8th, 2008, when 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. 先行词在从句中作时间状语, 用when或介词

+which。

错漏“摆”出

1. People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang, he was the first Chinese to walk in space . who 2. Many Chinese will never forget May 12th, 2008, when a big earthquake happened in then去掉

Sichuan then. Which is shown on TV, many children

3.

Which Assuffered a lot from the polluted milk. 错漏“摆”出

4.

4. Lin Hao is a hero, who who we should learn. who we should learn from 5. China got the most gold medals in the Olympics, that that makes people excited. which 6. I dream of going to Beijing, which which the 29th Olympic Games was held. where/ in which competition Exercises where/in which 1. Hangzhou is a beautiful city, _____________ people visit the famous West Lake.

which is the capital of China, 2. Beijing, _________ has a very long history. As is known to all, he is the best student. 3. ______ 4. The young man had a new girl friend, who ________ is a pop star. 5. I should thank my teacher, with ______ whose help, I solved the problem. 6. He once worked on the Bird?s Nest, of _______ which his son is proud. ____ Fill in the blanks with proper link words The doctor lives downstairs “Doctor,”

she said loudly, breaking into the room, where _____ there was a man, “I want you to tell what is wrong with me.” He looked at her from head to foot, then said, “____ As is shown in the mirror, I've just three things to tell you.

First, I suggest you, my lady, _________ whose weight needs reducing by nearly fifty pounds. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick (口红), by ______ which you will be prettier. And third, I?m an artist---the doctor, ______ whom you are looking for, lives downstairs." What does the woman look like? She must be the _____ first lady, who is…; whose…