Using LanguageⅠ课堂实录【1】

Unit 2

Book 3

Learning about language and grammar Written-by :Zhao Yanhua

Date: 2012.3.16 Grammar: 情态动词的用法（二）

一·

ought to / should 1.二者都有________ 之意，表示一种责任、义务或者根据事理、常规进行推测。但ought to 在语气上比should强。另外，should 还可表示一种出乎意料的情况，译为_______, ___________.ought to 的否定形式为_________________________, 疑问形式需把ought 提到句首。

You oughtn't to have let out the secret. ___________________________________. Ought I to stay here to look after him? ____________________________________? 2.

should / ought to have done

___________________________________ shouldn't / oughtn't to have done ____________________________________ 你一星期前就该回这封信。___________________________________________. You shouldn't have gone back to work without the doctor's permission. ______________________________________________________________ 二、.mustn't / needn't / can't 1. Mustn't _____________, 用来表示禁止。

你不许在这个房间吸烟。______________________________________________. 2.must 作“必须”讲，其否定式为needn't.___________. You needn't worry about your daughter. 3.Must 表主观推测，作_________ 讲时，其否定形式是can't/ couldn't __________ - Mike must have gone home. _____________________________________. _He can't have, for his coat and bag are still on his desk. _______________________. 三、need/ dare 二者即可用作___________,也可用作_____________.用作情态动词时，后接__________, 用作实义动词时，后接______________________. 1.

need 表示

“

____________

”need do sth. ____________________ need to do sth.___________________need doing = __________________________________ needn't have done _______________________________. didn't need to do _________________________________. They didn't need to arrive early. ______________________________________. 我的自行车需要修了。_________________________________________________. You needn't have taken your dictionary. ____________________________________. She didn't need to come yesterday._______________________________________. 注意：由need 引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn't / don't have to. _ Need I answer the question?_ Yes, you_______ ._ No , you __________ / ______________ . 2.

Dare 用作情态动词，后接动词原形，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。疑问句用：Dare he / they / you ...? 否定句用daren't. 情态动词

dare 有过去式为dared. How dare she do hings like that to me?_____________________________________. I daren't catch the mouse. ____________________________________. If you dare say that to him , I would vote for you.______________________________________. I didn't know how he dared answer his father back.

1

__________________________________________________________. Exercises: 1.

__ I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?

__ Don't worry. He ______ come . He said wasn't sure what his plans were.

A. must not

B. might not

C. need not

D. would not

2.

_ What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

_ Well, it _________ be big-- that's not important.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. can't

D. won't 3.

I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _________ have driven her there.

A. could

B. must

C. might

D. Should 4.

--- I don't mind telling you what I know.

--- You ________ . I'm not asking you for it.

A. mustn't

B. may not

C. can't

D.needn't 5.

There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You _______ ,but why didn't you?

A. should come

B. must have come

C. may have come

D. ought to have come 6.

When the old man was alive, he _______ sit for hours at the door.

A. would

B.

could

C. must

D. might 7.

Our house is on the top of the hill, and in winter the winds ______ be pretty old.

A. must

B. ought to

C. can

D. Need 8.

--- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

---Oh, dear! She _________ a lot of difficulties.

A. may go though

B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through

D. must have gone through 9.

_ Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.

-- Well, he_______ have gone far--- his coat is still here.

A. shouldn't

B. mustn't

C. can't

D. wouldn't 10.

My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always __ look it up.

A. must

B. can

C. should

D.have to 11.

--- You know that you were driving 100 km an hour, don't you ?

--- No, officer, I _________ . This car doesn't do more than 80.

A. may not have been

B. couldn't have been

C. mustn't have been

D. shouldn't have been 12.

--- I didn't go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down. --- You _____ mine. I wasn't using it.

A.

might borrow

B. could have borrow

C.

can have borrowed

D. ought to borrow 13.

--- Where is Jake ? I can't find him anywhere. --- He _____ his homework upstairs.

A. might have done

B. must have done

C. must be doing

D. must do 14.

__ I don't mind telling you what I know.

--- You _____. I'm not asking you for it.

A.

Mustn't

B. May not

C. Can't

D. Needn't 15 We _____ have proved great adventures, but we have done the greatest march ever

made in the past 10 years.

A.Needn't

B.may not

C. shouldn't

D. mustn't

2

16 I have lost one of my gloves. I _____ it somewhere.

A. must drop

B. must have dropped

C. must be dropping

D. must have been dropped

3