Learning about Language教学实录及点评

名词性从句复习导学案

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句

(Noun Clauses）。

名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,

它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为___________、

、

和

。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

1.

连词：_______（无意义,

不充当成分）

_____, ___________（“是否”）

1.

is not clear.

(他是否回来仍不清楚。)

2. What he want to know is __________________________tomorrow morning. (他想知道的是你们明天能否完成工作)

3. Everything depends on ____________________. (一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱)

4. I wonder _______ he will come or not.

5. Can you tell me _______ to go or to stay?

结论：

whether与if

均为"______"的意思。在选项中同时出现则选_______。但只有if翻译为_____，whether无此意。（只用whether不用if的情况：1.______________________________

2._________________

3.________________ 4._______________ 5.

____________________

________/__________（“好像”，“似乎”）

__________________ there is a fault in that computer. (听起来好像是计算机出故障了)

2.

连接代词：_______, _______, _______, _______, _______,及疑问词+_____所构成的缩合词等,(在从句中充当主语、宾语及定语成分)

3.

连接副词：______, _______, _______, _______(在从句中充当状语)

考点：主要是连接词，还会考到宾从的时态、语序，以及涉到某些词相关的从句用should+动词原形构成虚拟语气的情况。

二、宾语从句

用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作_______词或_____词及非谓语动词的宾语。

We must never think _______we are good in everything while others are good in

nothing.

1、宾从要注意_______和________.

1. I know (that) he ____________ English next year.(study)

2. The teacher told us that Tom _________ us for America the day before．(leave)

3. I want to know what _____told you. (A. he has

B. has he )

4. She always thinks of how _____ work well.(A . can she

B. she can )

总结：时态一致原则：1，主句是现在时___________________________

2,主句是过去时____________________________

2、虚拟语气：一坚持_________

二命令______________

三建议__________________

四要求_________________________

及desire ,prefer, urge等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“___________________”的虚拟语气。（该点适用于各种名词性从句。）例如：

The report urged that ________________________.(teach) (这份报告呼吁所有儿童要教授游泳)

拓展1：He proposed that ______________________. (send) (他建议这个病人马上送往医院)

主从：___________________________________________________

表从: ____________________________________________________

同从: ____________________________________________________

拓展2：The teacher wishes that _________________________yesterday. (hold) (老师希望会议昨天能举行。)

结论：sb wish that _______________ (现在)

sb would rather that___________ (现在)

______________________________ (将来)

______________________________ (将来)

______________________________(过

去)

______________________________ (过去)

拓展3：另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary (_________,__________,___________etc.) that

…

It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…

3、特殊的宾从：当宾从的引导词为疑问词，且主句中谓语动词为think，say, guess, suppose等时，经常将疑问词放到句首，主句为疑问语序，宾从仍为陈述语序。

1. Who do you think ______to the party? A. will he invite B. he will invite

2. Which _________he would take?

A. did you say

B. you said

3. I don’t know what was the matter with the machine.

4、否定前置：在I(We) think (_______,________,________,_________,________等)接的宾从中，如果宾从是否定句，可将否定词移到主句。例：

I don’t believe she has finished the job,___________?

(我认为她还没有完成这项工作，不是吗？)

三、表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句，放在be动词或系动词seem, look, appear, sound, taste,

feel, remain等系动词后。（一般不用if引导表从。）

1. The fact is _______ we have lost the game.

2. That’s just _______ I want.

3. This is_______ our problem lies.

4. It looks______ it is going to rain.

The reason _____.....is ______.....

6. The reason why he was late was______ he missed the train by one minute this morning .

四.

主语从句

1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句(除if

一般都可引导主从)。

1._________________________ is not clear. (tell)

他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。

2.______________________ is still unknown. (win)谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。

3. ________________how he became a writer. (know)我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

4. ______________________________has not yet been announced. (hold)

英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

2、主语从句可用it作形式主语，宾语从句中也有it作形式宾语

It

作形式主语的句型：

1，____________________that water was to be fundamental to the 不development of life.

(水对于生命的发展会起关键作用，这一点在当时并不是很明显)

结论：___________________________________

2，_____________ that you can’t go with us.(很遗憾你不能和我们一起去)

结论：_________________________________

3,_______________ that he didn’t tell anybody where he was. (shock)

(让我们震惊的是他没有告诉任何人他在哪儿)

结论：_______________________________

4,_________________ that Hujingtao has visited Soul. (据报道***访问了首尔)

结论：_________________________________________________

该句型可转换成另一形式即：_________________________________________

5, _________________________ that he hadn’t read the text.(occur)

(我突然想起他没读过这篇课文)

结论：_______________________________________________________

It作形式宾语句型：

1，We all ________________ we should make a quick decision about the matter.(find)

(我们都认为对这件事立刻做出决定很重要)

结论：___________________________________________

2,___________________ someone speaks to me with his mouth full. (hate)

(我不喜欢有人满嘴含着饭同我说话)

结论：________________________________________________

3、主谓一致

what引导主从，谓语常用单数；如果表复数概念则用复数谓语。

1. What I want to know ______ this.

2. What we need _____ books.

如果由and连接两个或两个以上主语从句时，谓语动词用________;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用_________. 例：

When they will start and where they will go _________________. (还没决定)

When and where the meeting will be held _________________.(还没决定)

五、

同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句常由that等引导（if不能引导同位语从），可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：

1. The news _______ we won the game is exciting.

2. I have no idea ______ he will come back home.

3. The thought came to him _______ Mary had probably fallen ill.

4. His explanation ______ he couldn’t see it is unsatisfactory.

5.__________________ he will leave for hometown in two days. (word)

(两天后他将回到家乡的消息传来了)

同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

I told them the news __________________________.（win）

我告诉他们我们队赢得比赛的消息。

I told them a piece of news ________________________. (surprise)

我告诉一条令他们吃惊的消息

同从关系词的功能：1)________________ 2)______________

定从关系词的功能：1）_______________ 2)______________ 3)______________

六、注意事项

1、名词性从皆用________语序

2、that

与

what

what

在名词性从句中作_________

和__________.翻译成：_______ ________ ______

e.g.1, ________________________ is that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface. (important) (更重要的是当地球冷却下来时，水开始在它表面出现。)

2,___________________________ was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. (become)

(直到38~45亿年前这团尘埃变成固状球体才知道它要变成什么)

3,He has never been to ________________________.(call)

（他从没去过一个叫美洲的地方）

4,His eyes stares at _______________________________on the table.(leave)

(他的眼睛盯着兄弟俩桌子上的残羹冷炙)

that

名词性从句中无意义，不充当成分，只起连接作用。

定语从句中充当_________和__________

试比较：

我们将尽一切努力帮助他

We will do _________________________ to help him. (what)

We will do _________________help him. (all/everything)

3、几组句子区别：

1,众所周知，地球正变得越来越暖和。(know)

_______________________that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer

_____________________,the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.

2，令我惊奇的事情是他缺席了这次会议。(surprise)

_______________________was that he was absent from the meeting.

_______________________that he was absent from the meeting.

_______________________, he was absent from the meeting.

3，任何人最后一个离开房间应当关灯

_______________________________ ought to turn off the lights.

_______________________________,the lights ought to be turned off.