Learning about Language教学目标设计

“V-ing 做状语”

教学设计

吴晓琳

Teaching Content:

V-ing form works as adverbial.

Teaching Aim:

To let the students master how to use v-ing form as adverbial.

Teaching important and difficult points: 1. Students can judge what kind of adverbial a v-ing form works as. 2. Choose a correct tense of v-ing form.

Teaching methods: 1.

Examine two sentences and tell the similarity and difference between these sentences. 2.

Show two related conceptions of v-ing form. 3.

“not” should be placed before v-ing form. 4.

Make sentences of each kind of v-ing form and ensure their definitions. 5.

Do some exercises to have a good understanding of v-ing form.

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Studying Methods: Ask students to fill in the blanks with the correct tense of v-ing form. Ask students to tell what kind of adverbial a v-ing form works as.

Teaching Aids:

A computer and the multimedia.

Teaching procedures:

Step1.

Lead –in

(1)

Examine two sentences and tell the similarity and difference between these sentences. (2)

Show two related conceptions of v-ing form

Step2.

一. 动词-ing 肯定形式

（时态及语态）

一般式

doing;

being done

完成式

having done ;

having been done (1)

____________(hear) the news , he jumped with joy. (2)

The thief stood there, __________________ (question) by the police. (3)

_____________(finish) my homework, I listened to music for a while. (4)

_____________(catch) in the traffic jam, I couldn't get there on time.

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二. 动词-ing 的否定形式

(1) __________(know) his telephone number, I can't get in touch with him. (2) _______________________(do) such a job before, he was puzzled. 总结；动词-ing 的否定形式

在前面直接加not.

即not doing 或

not having done.

never 放中间

即having never done

Step3.

v-ing 作状语时

(1)表示的动作是主语动作的一部分. (2)与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生. (3)它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。

(4)v-ing 作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。

Step4.

1. 作时间状语

(1) Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the ...) (2) Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.

（= When we heard the news, we.......) (3) (When/while)discussing the matter ,they got excited.

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注；如果强调分词的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，分词前加when, while. (4) _________________(water) the trees, they began to water the vegetables.

2. 作原因状语

(1) __________(be) tired, I stopped to take a rest.

(=Because I was tired, …)

(2) ______________(be) ill for a week, he was sent to hospital.

(3) ________________（know）her address, we couldn’t get in touch with him.

(4) ___________________(be) abroad before, he knows nothing about the life there.

3. 作条件状语

(1)____________(turn) to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn the left, …)

(2) If you work hard, you'll succeed.

=____________(work) hard, you'll succeed.

4.结果状语

(1) He was buried in the work, ___________(forget) food and sleep.

(2) The baby fell from the bed, ___________(hurt) its head.

(3)Tom hurried to the station, only________the train had left. 5.方式状语

(1) He stepped into the cave, ____________(hold) his head high. (2) The teacher came in, with a book ____________ (arm).

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6. 伴随状语

(1) The girls left school,_______________________(talk; laugh) (2) Tom went to bed,___________________________(cold;hungry) (3) I stood there,_____________ (wait) for her.

7.目的状语

(1) Let's go ____________(shop/hunt/fish/swim)

8. 作让步状语

(1)___________(work) hard , he was still unable to support the whole family.

(2)___________(know) where I live, he never comes to see me.

=Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.

Step5. 独立主格

(1)

____________(be) ill, Tom is absent today. (2) His mother _________(be)ill, Tom is absent today. 注；（1）独立主格在句子中做状语（和分词做状语的功能一样）

（2）独立主格部分有自己独立的主语，（和主句主语不一致）

eg. (1).His mother_________(be) ill, Tom is absent today.

(2).All the things_____________(consider), the plan is perfect.

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(3).A lot of homework__________(do), I have no time to play with you. (4). The boy stared at the toy, eyes wide _______(open) (5). School ________, the students rushed out. (6). The teacher came in, (with) a book ______________(hand).

Step6.

固定用语

有些v-ing短语已成为固定的惯用语，常被看作句子的插入语，常见的有：

(1) generally speaking

一般说来

(2) strictly/ honestly/ frankly/ roughly/ broadly/

speaking

严格地/诚实地/坦白地/粗略地/泛泛地说

(3) time/weather permitting

时间/天气

允许

(4) considering…

考虑到……/鉴于……

(5) Judging from/ by…

根据……判断

Step7.

Homework: 1.

Review what we have learnt today. 2.

Finish the exercise in your grammar book.

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