Using LanguageⅡ教学设计及课堂实录

Unit3 A taste of English humour语法篇

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要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法----动词的-ing形式作表语，定语，宾语补足语并能熟练运用相关语法知识解决相应类型的题。

一、动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing形式”构成，它既是现在分词形式，也是动名词形式。v-ing能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。其时态和语态的变化为

时态

语态

主动

被动

一般时

doing

being done

完成时

having done

having been done

二、(1)动词-ing分为动名词和现在分词两类。

(2)动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

(3)现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。

三、动词-ing作表语

1.作表语的动词-ing所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，可表示抽象或习惯上的动作，且主语和表语可以换位。

E.g. Her job is cleaning the building.她的工作是打扫楼房。

2.作表语的现在分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，这时通常看作形容词，且主语与表语不可换位。

E.g. Though the job is boring，he has to do it to make a living.尽管这份工作无趣，为了谋生他也只好做。

四、v.­ing形式作定语

1.动词-ing作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途时，一般只能作前置定语。

E.g. Now he is waiting for you in the waiting room. (表示用途)现在他在候诊室里等着你。

2.动词-ing兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征时，可以作前置定语(具有动词、形容词的特征)，也可

以作后置定语(兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征)，表示正在进行的动作或某种状态，单个动词-ing作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；动词-ing短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。

E.g. The girl standing there (=The girl who is standing there) is my classmate. 站在那里的女孩是我的同学。

五、动词-ing作补语

1.动词-ing作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一

种状态。

2.当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。

E.g. The boss kept the workers working the whole night. (宾语补足语)那老板让工人整夜地工作。

E.g. The workers were kept working the whole night. (主语补足语) 1）位于感官动词后(see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice等)。

E.g. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.我感到有人拍我的肩膀。

2）位于使役动词后(have，make，let，get，keep，set，catch等)。

E.g. He got the clock going again.他让钟表又走了起来。

3）用于with复合结构中。

E.g. With the light burning, he felt asleep.灯亮着，他睡着了。

六、难点突破

1.作表语的动词－ing形式，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的，用来修饰

物，常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，

amusing，astonishing，此类形容词意为：令人……的。

E.g. The problem is puzzling, which easily makes people puzzled. 这个问题是令人迷惑的，很容易让人迷惑不解。

2.see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词-ing和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。

(1)动词-ing作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行；而动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示(或强调动作从开始到结束的全过程。

E.g. When we passed the classroom, we saw a student playing the piano. (动作在进行) 当我们经过教室时，我们看见一个学生在弹钢琴。

E.g. We watched our teacher make an experiment during yesterday's class. (动作全过程) 在昨天的课上，我们观看老师做了一个实验。

(2)若用短暂性动词的某个形式作宾语补足语，其不定式短语表示一个动作，而其-ing则表示反

复动作。

E.g. We heard the door slam. (一次动作) 我们听见门“砰”的一声关上了。

E.g. We heard the door slamming. (反复动作) 我们听见了“砰砰砰”的关门声

例1.（2014江西吉安段考）A few days after the interview, I received a letter _____ me admission to the

university. A. having offered

B. offered

C. to be offered

D. offering 解析：根据句意“面试后几天，我收到了一封允许我进入大学的信。”

本题考查非谓语动词作定语，a letter与offer为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语

答案：A。

例

2. The program was so fascinating that the children kept their eyes _____on the screen. A.to fix

B. to be fixed

C. fixed

D. fixing 解析：这个节目如此迷人，已至于孩子们把目光都集中在屏幕上。此处为“keep+名词+过去分词”结构，eye与动词

fix为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语

答案：C。

例3.

（2014四川）

The manager

was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort. A. having developed

B. to develop

C. developed

D. develop

解析：根据句意“在做出巨大努力之后，看到很多新产品被研发出来，经理很满意。”

此题考查的是非谓语动词作感官动词see的宾语补足语，develop与宾语products间为被动关系，故使用过去分词。

答案：C。

例4.（2014北京）There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. A. solving

B. solved

C. being solved

D.to be solved

解析：本题考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式选择。根据题干信息，非谓语动词在这里做定语，限定“要去解决的问题”。根据非谓语动词做定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生。

答案：D。

例5. Volunteering gives you a chance

A. change

lives, including your own.

C. changed

D. to change B. changing

解析：根据句意“该题句意为，志愿活动给予你改变生活的机会，包括改变你自己的生活。”

此处chance意为机会，用法为sb get/have/be given a chance to do sth意为有机会干某事。

答案：D。

基础演练

完成句子

1.This is a ____________________(口头协议).

2.He can't put up with _____________(老板对他的虐待). 3.No one ____________(满足于) what he has. 4.It will ____________(吓你一跳) to hear what I paid for this ring. 5.He fell in the water, _________(逗得孩子们乐不可支). 6.He is ____________________(不是个成功的艺术家),but a success as an art teacher. 6. _____________ (injure) in the leg made it impossible for him to walk his way home. 7.I was late, but ____________(幸运地) the meeting hadn't started. 8.He can't speak ________________(满满一嘴食物). 9.He looked ____________(直接地) at me. 10.He ________________(挑选了一条领带) to wear with his suit. Keys: 1. verbal agreement 2. his boss's cruelty to him 3. is content with 4. astonish you 5. much to the entertainment of the children 6. a failure as an artist 7. fortunately 8. with a mouthful of food 9. directly 10. picked out a tie 巩固提高

用动词的适当形式填空

1. As you know, seeing is ________ (believe). 2.________ (take) exercise does great good to your health. 3. We saw the manager ________ (pick) up the telephone and make a call. 4. Look at the ________ (fly) bird. It's nice! 5. I want to buy a ________ (wash) machine for my mother. 6. To do that would be ________ (cut) the foot to fit the shoe. 7. We were all very ________ (surprise) at the news. I found it very ________ (surprise). 8. He gave us an ________ (inspire) speech. We were all ________ (inspire). Keys: 1. believing

2. Taking

3. pick 4. flying

5. washing

6. to cut 7. surprised; surprising 8. inspiring; inspired

完成句子

1. I'm ________________; I don't mind what I wear. (particular) 我对衣服不是很挑剔；我不介意穿什么。

2. I ________________recently. (occasion)最近我经常遇见她。

3. He ________________ without anyone noticing. (slide) 在没有任何人注意的情况下，他溜进了一个房间。

4. He told some jokes ________________. (amuse) 他说了一些笑话来逗乐那个在哭闹的孩子。

5. When the party ended, the whole room _________. (leave) 当宴会结束时，整个房间都乱七八糟。

6. She __________________ about what she had heard. (whisper) 她悄悄地给我说了她听到的一些事。

7. They ________________ by bursting into laughter.(react) 对他说的笑话，他们回应以大笑。

8. ________________ that everyone could understand it. (explanation) 他的解释很清楚，每个人都能够理解。

9. He _______________ that he couldn't drive home. (drunk) 他醉得厉害，不能开车回家。

10. We ________________ yesterday. (do) 我们本应该昨天购物的。

1. not particular about my clothes 2. have met her on occasion 3. slid into a room 4. to amuse the crying child 5. was left in a mess 6. whispered something to me 7. reacted to his joke 8. His explanation was so clear 9. was so drunk 10. should have done some shopping 单项选择

1. Last night, there were millions of people

the opening ceremony live on TV.

A. watch

B.to watch

C. watched

D. watching 2.

the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. A. Find

B. Finding

C. To find

D. Found 3.

We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.

A. being done

B. do

C. to be done

D. to do 4.

Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies. A. carry

B. carrying

C. carried

D. to be carrying

5.

When we saw the road

with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.

C. blocking

D. blocked A. block

B. to block Keys: 1-5DBCBD

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一、单项选择

1.（2014福建卷）

the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. A. Spending

B. Spent

C. Having spent

D. To spend 2.（2014福建卷）For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________. A. connected

B. connecting

C. to connect

D. to be connected 3.（2014湖南卷）____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. A. Understanding

B. To be understood

C. Being understood

D. Having understood 4.（2014湖南卷）There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky. A. to stare

B. staring

C. stared

D. having stared 5.（2014湖南卷）

ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness. A. Having freed

B. Freed

C. To free

D. Freeing 6.（2014江苏卷）His lecture____, a lively question-and-answer session followed. A. being given

B. having given

C. to be given

D. having been given 7.（2014江西卷）

___nearly all our money , we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel . A. Having spent

B.

To spent

C. Spent

D. To have spent 8.（2014江西卷）He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job .

A. to act

B. to have acted

C. acting

D. having acted 9. A ship loaded with expensive goods was reported ________ into the sea with its oil ________ . A. to sink; given out

C. having sunk ; used up

B. to have sunk ; run out D. to have sunk ; run out of

10.（2014山东卷）There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again.

A. saying

B. says

C. said

D. having said

11.（2014山东卷）It’s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer.

A. employed

B. being employed

C. to employ

D. employs

12.（2014陕西卷）12. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim? A. to go

B. going

C go

D. having gone

13. ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A. Working out

B. Worked out

C. To work out

D. Work out 14. The specialist

at the meeting will give us a lecture next week .

A. referred

B. referred to

C. referring

D. referring to

15. While waiting for the opportunity to get

, Henry did his best to perform his duty. A. promote

B. promoted

C. promoting

D. to promote

二、假设你是李华。你们学校上周六组织高一年级的学生看望了当地一家孤儿院(orphanage)的小朋友。作为校报的小记者，你在此次志愿活动结束后，要对此次活动进行报道。请你根据以下提示写一则简短的故事，描述一下你们这次活动的具体内容，并谈谈你们的亲身感受。(词数120个左右) 1．为小朋友们带去了流行读物、各种学习用品和玩具。

2．跟小朋友们一起做游戏，还表演了精彩的节目。

3．离开之前我们和他们合影留念，并留下了联系方式以便我们能随时联系。

感受：1.那天，我们每个人都玩得很开心。

2．我们给了孩子们关爱和帮助；作为报答，他们给了我们他们的微笑和爱。

3．这些志愿活动给我们留下了深刻的印象。

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Keys: 一、单项选择

1-5.CAABC

6-10. DABDA

11-15.CBCBB 二、作文

参考范文：

Last Saturday, our school organized all of the senior 1 students to visit the children at a local orphanage. We took many books that are popular with children, as well as many kinds of school supplies and toys, to the children. They were delighted to receive these gifts. We played some games together and gave wonderful performances as well. Before leaving the orphanage we took photos with them and gave them our contact details so we could keep in touch with one another at any time. 课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：