Learning about LanguagePPT及课堂实录内容

Unit 2

Grammar: V-ing form as the Object and Subject

一. V-ing 形式做主语的用法

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：

①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。

1). 捉弄别人是我们不能做的事. ______________________________________________. ②用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾, 作表语的只能是某些形容词或名词。

和他争辩是没有什么用的。__________________________________________________. 拓展归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：

It is/ was a waste of time doing 做…是浪费时间的

It is/was no good/use doing

做…是没益/用处的

There is no sense/point in doing做…没有道理. eg. 做这件傻事毫无意义。

_________________________________________________. 注意：-ing与不定式的比较：-ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作, 不定式则通常表示具体的动作: eg. 我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影eg. I like ____, but now I like _____ . ☆— What do you think made Mary so upset？

—

__________ her new bicycle．（97上海）

A. As she lost

B. Lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

二.

v-ing作宾语的用法

1．作及物动词的宾语:有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid，can‘t stand（不能忍受）, consider(考虑)，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, finish, suggest（建议）imagine，risk ，practise mind, miss（错过）

etc. 这个女孩每天练习拉小提琴__________________________________________________. 他承认犯了一个严重的错误。__________________________________________________. 2.作某些及物动词词组及带有介词的词组的宾语，如put off , give up, feel like, keep on, insist on, can’t help（情不自禁），be used to （习惯于）get down to(开始认真做某事)等。

eg.

I feel like going to the movie this evening. People kept on coming to the hospital to see him. ☆

She looks forward every spring to

________the flower-lined garden．（1995上海高考）

A. visit

B. paying a visit

C. walk in

D. walking in

3. 当

need, want, require, 作“需要”解释时,后面接doing, 但这个动名词用主动式表达被动意义，还可以用

to be done 结构。

eg. Your hair wants cutting.（= to be cut）.

The floor requires washing. （= to be washed）

4. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，但如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：We don't allow smoking here．

We don't allow anybody to smoke here．

5. 1) .forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

我记得我已把信寄了。____________________________________________. 我会记着去寄信的。______________________________________________. 我真后悔没赶上那次报告。________________________________________________.

1

我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议

._______________________________________. 2). 可接

v-ing 也可接

to+v. ,但是意义不同的其他几组结构：

☆

go on doing

继续做原来做的事

go on to do

接着做另一件事

☆

mean doing 意味着要做某事

mean to do 想要做某事

☆

stop doing 停止做某事

stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始做另一件事

☆

try doing

试着做某事

try to do

努力做某事

☆

be used to doing

习惯于做某事

be used to do

被用来做某事

☆

can't help doing

禁不住做某事

can't help to do

不能帮助做某事

eg. — Let's have a rest．

— Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet．（MET 1985）

A. study

B. to study

C. for studying

D. studying

— Let me tell you something about the journalists．

— Don't you remember ________ me the story yesterday？（1999上海高考题）

A. told

B. telling

C. to tell

D. to have told

6. 在形容词worth后用动名词，且与句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，但这个动名词需用其主动式表示被动意义。

The film is worth seeing.这部电影值得看。

当堂练习：

1. Keep on ____ and you will succeed.

A. a try

B. try

C. trying

D. trying 2. His parents insist on ___ to college.

A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go . The story was so funny that we ___.

A. couldn’t help laugh

B. can’t but laugh

C. couldn’t help laughing

D. couldn’t help but to laugh

4.Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth _____.

A. being bought

B. buying

C. to buy

D. buying it 5.He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory.

A. study

B. be studied

C. studying

D. have studied We are both looking forward to __ next week.

A. going on vocation(休假)

B. go on vocation

C. be going on vocation

D. have gone on vocation 7. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun.

A. read

B. reading

C. reader

D. be read 8. You should work tonight instead of _____ TV.

A. to watch

B. you watching

C. you watch

D. watching 9. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects.

A. examining

B. being examined

C. examined

D. examine 10. Mike has got used ___ up late at night. (stay up)

A. to sit

B. X

C. to sitting

D. sitting 11. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) ____ others.

A. being infected(感染)

B. infecting

C. to infect

D. infected 12.Your clothes need ___.

A. washed

B. to be washed

C. to wash

D. being washed

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