Learning about Language教学设计第二课时

2018年度一师一课活动教学设计

新课标人教版必修四 Unit 2 working the land

Grammar ----—the usages of V-ing

山西省大同市灵丘一中

赵慧

Ⅰ.Teaching Aims 1.

Knowledge aim: To help the students have a clear idea of the usage of the v-ing as the subject and the object. 2. Ability aim: To help the students practice skills in exam and further develop the ability in communication to express themselves using v-ing form. 3. Moral aim: To help the students form the habit of independent learning and become willing to cooperate with the members in the group activity

Ⅱ.Teaching Key and difficult Points 1. Distinguish the function of the v-ing form in a sentence 2. compare the usage about v--ing and v- to do as the subject and the object.

III Teaching methods Students - centered method IV.Teaching aids Multi - media V.Teaching Procedures Step 1. Lead-in Read the sentences from the reading passage and underline the function of the v-ing.划出文中动词-ing形式在句中的成份 1. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 3. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. 4. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. 【自主预习】【自我总结Conclude】 1)动词-ing形式可以在句中作主语或宾语，此时被称为动名词

2) 动名词仍然保持着一些动词的性质，所以后面可以接宾语或副词性修饰语。

如play mah-jong， spend money 3) 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

4）动名词既可作动词宾语，又可作介词宾语。如句2 和句4

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Step 2 v-ing tense and voice Ⅰ.【自主预习】 (请大家认真阅读以下内容) 定义：动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词和名词的特征，它可以带宾语，也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。

基本形式：由动词原形家词尾+-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了，而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如：a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅（动名词，表用途） a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子（现在分词，表状态） 时态和语态

形式

一般式

完成式

主 动

doing having done 被 动

being done

having been done

【自我总结Conclude】

1) 动名词的否定形式是在其前面直接加not。如：

Not having enough food leads to poor health. He apologized to me for not telling me the news ahead of time. 2 动名词有被动式和完成式。如：

He doesn’t mind being laughed at by others in public. He was praised for having finished the work on time by himself. 【扩展部分】

A.动词 -ing形式的一般式

1.可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。

Swimming is her favorite sport. 2.也可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作 They went out of the classroom, __________________.(又说又笑)。

3.有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。

I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. B. 动词-ing形式的完成式

动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

____________________ (在这个城市生活了3年)，she knows it very well. I really regretted having missed__________________(错过了这么振奋人心的演讲). C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式

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He suggested __________________________. (下周日带我女儿去动物园)。

动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。

1.一般式的被动形式

The question being discussed is very important. _____________________. I can't stand being kept waiting. 我不堪久候。

2.完成式的被动形式

I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library. Step 3 function as subject 动词-ing形式的功能及用法

1.动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式

①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。

Eg. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

Learning new words is very important for me 注意：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数

②为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，a waste of , pity，worth，difficult，worthwhile interesting ,tiring ,foolish ,pointless, crazy, terrible.等。

Eg. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的

It is useless trying to argue with Shylock 这种用法在习惯句型中常用，常用句型：

It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a pleasure… + v.ing 注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词（常用不定式）。

③

在there be结构中作主语，There is no doing……：这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do…

” ＊There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。

Eg.1.这种事开不得玩笑There is ____________ about such matter. 2.无法知道他什么时候离开。 There was _________ when he would leave.

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[真题练习] 1. — What do you think made Mary so upset？ — __________ her new bicycle．

A. As she lost

B. Lost C. Losing

D. Because of losing 2.（2014湖南卷）____ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

A.

Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood 3._____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. (2013 福建卷) A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known 4. (2011上海) It’s no use _____ without taking action. A.

Complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained 5.Listening to loud music at rock concerts____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. （2010 湖南卷）

A. is B. are C. has D. have

2. 动词的-ing形式作宾语

A.作动词的宾语

1.只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词

考虑建议盼原谅

consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off , fancy 避免错过继续练，avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否认完成停能赏，deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape 不准冒险凭想象。forbid , risk , imagine 下列动词常以动词不定式作宾语：

afford，agree，arrange，choose，decide，hope，expect，offer，plan，promise，determine，demand，manage，fail，prepare，refuse，seem等。

2.既可用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语

一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词like,love,hate,prefer ,intend ,begin, start, continue等，用不定式做宾语和v+ing形式做宾语，意义相差不大

Eg.1They prefer spending / to spend their summer vacation in Dalian. Eg.2 I intend to buy/ buying an English-Chinese dictionary.

提示：应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式。

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Eg.3 I am starting to learn Russian. [即时练习] Ex1.I started ________(work)here two years ago. Ex2.I intended _____a poem in English.(write) Ex3.They prefer ____(spend) their summer vacation in the country.

有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语。（有区别）

动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, be used to forget, regret, remember 后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

forget/remember/regret + V-ing (已做了); forget/remember/regret + to V (未做) eg .I forgot mailing your letter. 我忘了我已将你的信寄出了。

I forgot to mail your letter. 我忘了给你寄信。

mean +V-ing (意味着); mean + to V (打算) eg. Being early may mean wasting a little time. 早去也许会浪费一点时间。

You really mean to go? 你真的想走？

try + V-ing (试着在做); try + to V (设法去做) Eg .He tried opening the back door with the key.

他试着用这把钥匙开后门。

He tried to open the back door with the key.

他想要用这把钥匙开后门。

[即时练习] 1.I forgot _______to her.(我忘了曾经给她写过信）

2.I forgot __________her about it.我忘了要告诉。。。）

3.I remember________ you somewhere in Bei Jing.（see）

4.Remember _______me tonight.(call) 5.He regretted__________ in the exam.(cheat) 6.I regret _______that we can’t stay here any longer(say) 【key】 1.having 2 .to tell 3. seeing 4. to call 5 . cheating 6 . to say [注意] 1.

need, require, want,deserve,-ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义。need/want/require/deserve doing sth.=need/want/require/deserve to be done. Your composition needs correcting/ to be corrected.

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His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned. The old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully. 2.在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动词-ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式(宾语补足语) ”的形式。如：

We don’t allow smoking here． We don’t allow anybody to smoke here [即时练习] 1.We need ________ friends(have) 2.My hair needs_______ (cut) 3. My hair needs_________. B.作介词的宾语

动词的-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out, insist on, be good at, do well in, be fond of, be interested in, be tired of, be afraid of, spend…(in), feel like, prefer…to…, instead of, in case of等等。

We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新计划。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?

我们休息呢还是开始干活？

Ann has been looking forward to coming to China for a long time.

安好久以来就盼望着来中国。

＊在get used to, admit to, looking forward to, devote to, object to be equal to ,get down to中，to是介词，后需接 -ing形式。

1.He devoted his time to ____ (teach) 2.I am looking forward to _____from you (hear) *在下面的结构中，介词in常可省略：

（1）S + have + trouble/difficulty/problems/fun/a struggle/ a good time/a hard time + (in) +V-ing （2）S + spend time/money + (in) +V-ing （3）S + be busy + (in) +V-ing We are busy (in) preparing for the coming sports meet. Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding spoken English?

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【合作探究】 请在五分钟以内完成下面十个单选题，加油！

1. Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined 2. I really appreciate ________ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself. A. you to offer B. that you offer C. your offering D. that you are offering 3. The thief took away the woman’s wallet without_______. A. being seen B. seeing C. him seeing D. seeing him 4. No one can avoid ________ by advertisements. A. to be influenced B. being influenced C. influencing D. having influenced 5. They are considering ________ before the prices go up. A. of buying the house B. with buying the house C. buying the house D. to buy the house 6. If I had remembered ________ the door, the things would not have been stolen. A. to lock B. locking C. to have locked D. having locked 7. My transistor radio isn’t working. It ________. A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to be repaired 8. It is no use ________ me not to worry. A. you tell B. your telling C. for you to have told D. having told 9. He is very busy ________ his papers. He is far too busy ________ callers. A. to write; to receive C. writing; receiving

B. writing; to receive D. to write; for receiving 10. The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them. A. receiving; selling B. to receive; to sell C. to receiving; to selling D. to have received; to have sold 【答案】ABCDB DCABC

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