Learning about Language全国优秀课堂实录

Unit2 Working the land Learning about Language: Grammar 教材分析

This teaching period mainly deals with the part Discovering useful structures. It is the grammar: the use of the -ing form as the subject and object. Students always think that the -ing form is abstract and difficult, so it is necessary to make the lesson interesting and connect it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand. Firstly, the teacher can ask students to read the reading passage A pioneer for all people again, tick out the sentences using the -ing forms as either the subject or the object from the reading passage and translate them into Chinese. Secondly, compare and discover the uses of the - ing form by giving a lot of example sentences. Thirdly, do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 13 and more exercises for students to master the uses of the -ing form as the subject and object. Finally, summarize the uses of the -ing form as the subject and object and let students make it clear how the -ing form is used in different situations.

At the end of the class, ask students to do the exercises in using structures on Page 50 and some additional exercises for consolidation. 教学重点

1. Let students learn which verbs are followed by the -ing form as the object and which by the infinitive. 2. Get students to grasp which verbs can be followed by both the -ing form and the infinitive and have the same meaning 3. Have students master which verbs can be followed by both the -ing form and the infinitive but express different meanings. 教学难点

1. Enable students to learn how to use the -ing form as the subject correctly. 2. Have students master which verbs can be followed by both the -ing form and the infinitive but express different meanings. 三维目标

知识目标

Get students to learn the -ing form as the subject and object. Just dreaming for things. however, costs nothing. (subject) He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. ( object) 能力目採

Enable students to use the -ing form as the subject and object correctly according to the context. 情感目标

1. Get students to become interested in grammar learning. 2. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation. 教学过程

Step 1 Leading in

1.Check the homework by asking students to read the sentences in the passage that use -ing forms as either the subject or the object.

2. Ask students to turn back to Page 10 to read through the passage A pioneer for all people, pick out the sentences using the -ing forms as either the subject or the object, and then

underline the -ing form in each sentence and translate the whole sentence into Chinese. 1)Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 从那以后,找到水稻高产的方法一直是他的人生目标。

2)As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 年轻时他就注意到了增加水稻产量的巨大需求。

3)Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 袁博士在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收的途径。

4) However, he doesn' t care about being famous.但他对自己的出名并不关心。

5)He enjoys listening violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 6)Spending money on himself or lending a comfortable life also means very little to him. 把钱花在他自己身上或者过上新的生生活,对他也不意味着什么。

7)Just dreaming for things, however, coats nothing 尽管去想吧,这并不需要什么成本

8)Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could more people 博士从梦中醒来,希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻

Step 2 Grammar learning 动词

-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法

1.动词-ing形式可以在句中作主语或宾语,此时也可称为动名词,例如：

Playing the violin is his hobby. 拉小提琴是他的爱好。

Cats like sleeping in the sun. 猫喜欢在阳光下睡觉。

2.动名词仍然保持一些动词的性质,所以后面可以接宾语或副词性修饰语,构成动名词短语。例如：

Playing basketball is what he likes most. 打篮球是他最喜欢的。

I don't like swimming in a pool. 我不喜欢在池糖里游冰。

3.动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如

Chatting with them can improve our mind. 和他们聊天能增长我们的见识。

4动名词既可作动词宾语,又可作介词宾语。例如

Cats enjoy eating fish(动宾). 猫喜欢吃鱼。

Cats are good at catching mice（介宾）.猫擅长抓老鼠。

需要注意的问题：

1.下列动词和短语常以动名词作宾语: admit(承认), suggest(建议) avoid(避免), imagine(想象), practice(练习), enjoy(享受), finish(完成), mind(介意), keep(保持), miss(错过), risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), complete(完成),consider(考虑), delay(延期), deny(否认), escape(逃避), permit(准许), postpone(延期),quit(停止), ,stop(停止), put off(推退), give up(放弃), feel like(喜欢), keep on(继续), insist on(坚持), can't help(情不自禁)等。

2.下列动词可以接动名词或不定式作宾语,意思基本相同: like(喜欢),love(喜爱),hate(憎恨), dislike(不喜欢), begin(开始), start(开始), cease(停止）continue(继续), intend(打算), prefer(更喜欢)等。

3.下列动词接动名词或不定式作宾语,表示不同的意思: 用法

Forget/remember/regret+doing sth(做过某事了）

Forget/remember/regret to do sth(未做）

Mean doing sth(意味着做某事) Mean to do sth(打算做某事)

Try doing sth (试着做某事) Try to do sth.(设法去做某事) 例句

I forgot mailing your letter. 我忘了我已将你的信寄出了。

I forgot to mail your letter. 我忘了为你寄信了。

Being early may mean wasting a little time. 早去也许会浪费一时间。

Do you really mean to go?你真的想走吗? He tried opening the back door with the key. 他试着用这把明匙开后门。

He tried to open the back door with the key. 他想要要用这把朝匙开后门。

4.动词need,want和

require 作“需要”解时，作宾语的动名词用主动形式表示被动的意义,相当于不定式的被动形式,例如: Your shirt need/wants/requires washing/ to be washed. 你的村衫需要洗了。

Step 3 Grammar practice Turn to Page 13. Ask students to do the exercises in Discovering useful structures. Exercise 2: Get student to look at the example. Then let them work through the exercise. Go over the answers at the end, Give some explanations if necessary. Exercise 3: Get students to do this exercise individually, and then check their answers in pairs. Go over the answers with the whole class.

Exercise 4:

Situation 1. If time is not enough, this exercise can be left for homework after class. Situation 2. Do the first one as an example. Then let students do this exercise individually. Check the answers with the whole class. Step 4 Closing down by a quiz 1.

Choose the right answer 1）It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car.

A.

repairing

B. repair

C. to repair

D. repaired 2）I can’t imagine __________ that with them.

A. do

B. to do

C. being done

D. doing 3）

_____ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while ______ provides us with oxygen.

A. To eat; breathing

B. Eating; to breathe

C. Eating; breathing

D. Eaten; breathed 4）She looks forward every spring to __________ the flower garden. A. visit

B. paying a visit

C. walk in

D. walking in

5）My brother keeps ___ me with my work.

A. to help

B. help

C. helping

D. helped 6）We should often practise ___ English with each other.

A. to speak

B. spoke

C. speak

D. speaking 2. Translation

1）捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。

Playing tricks on others is something we should never do．

2）学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

Learning new words is very important for me．

3）说比做容易。

Talking is easier than doing．

4）我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。

We must try to avoid making the same mistake．

5）晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you feel like having a walk with me aftersupper?

6）人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。

People can’t help laughing at the foolish man．

Step 5 Home work 1.Review what we learned in this lesson. 2.Finish off the exercise 4 on page 13. 3.Preview the reading passage Chemical or organic farming?

on Page 14, find out the sentences in which -ing forms are used, and see if you can understand them.