Learning about Language教学目标

Section Ⅲ

Learning about Language & Using Language

根据提示写出下列单词

1．__________vt.&vi.

打字

n.

类型

2．__________vi.&vt.

发信号

n.

信号

3．__________vi.

出现；发生

4．__________adj.

电子的

5．__________n.

外观；外貌；出现

6．__________n.

性格；特点

7．__________n.

教练

【答案】

1.type

2.signal

3.arise

4.electronic

5.appearance7.coach

根据提示补全下列短语

1．work________

计算出

2．make good use________

充分利用

3．be crazy________

对……疯狂

4．come________

实现

5．________a way

在某种程度上

6．________the help of

在……帮助下

7．deal________

处理；安排；对付

8．watch________

看守；监视

1

6.character

9．be determined ________do sth.

决定做某事

10．make________

编造

【答案】

1.out

2.of

3.about

4.true

5.in 6．with

7.with

8.over

9.to

10.up

根据提示补全下列教材原句

1．________________ I was sixteen，my dream had come true. 到我16岁时，我的梦想已经成真了。

2．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen ________________ human games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序。

3．I would really like to play against a human team，________ I have been programmed to act just like them. 我真的想和真人球队比赛，因为我被设计成像他们一样地活动。

4．________________，I have to look after her，and sometimes help her with her homework. 无论她什么时候来我都不得不照顾她，有时候帮她做家庭作业。

【答案】

1.By the time

2.while watching

3.for

4.Whenever she comes

阅读P23的教材原文，选择最佳选项

1．From the pictures，we can guess the passage is about ________. A．a basketball match between humans B．a football match between androids C．a football match between human and androids D．a basketball match between androids 2．What part does Andy play in the team? A．Goal keeper.

C．Striker.

B．Back. D．Center. 2

3．Why can Andy play football like human? A．Because he has a computer in it. B．Because he is a human. C．Because his coach told him. D．Because he is a real man. 【答案】

1－3

BCA

signal n．信号；暗号vi.& vt.发信号

(教材P23)For example，I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. 例如，当我无人防守时，我可以用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我，可以很好地射门得分。

(1)signal(to)sb.(to do sth.)

向某人发出(做某事的)信号；示意某人(做某事) signal to do...

signal(sb.)that...

(2)traffic signals

a danger/warning signal

用信号指示做……

示意(某人)……

交通信号灯

危险/警告信号

①She was signalling(to)the children to stay outside. 她在向孩子们打手势，要他们留在外面。

②He signaled(signal) the waiter to bring the menu. 他做手势要侍者拿菜单来。

③She signaled to the other girls that everything was all right. 她对其他女孩发信号说一切正常。

3

in a way 在某种程度上；就某一方面(相当于in one way/in some way)

(教材P23)In a way our programmer is like our coach. 从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。

in this way

by way of

in the way

in no way

用部分倒装语序) on the way

on one's/the way to...

all the way

by the way

在某人去……的途中；即将成为……

一路上；沿路；自始至终

顺便说；附带说说

①Don't play football in the street and you are in the way. 别在街道上踢足球，阻碍交通。

②We were just on the way when it began to rain. 我们正在路上，这时天开始下雨了。

arise vi.出现；发生；产生；起床；起身(过去式和过去分词分别是arose，arisen) (教材P23)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. 然后她把在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。

在途中

用这种方式/法

经由；途经

妨碍；挡路

决不；无论如何都不(放在句首时，句子

4

写出下列句中arise的含义

①Seeing his mother return home，the

boy arose from his chair immediately.起身

②New problems will arise one after another in future.出现

③They arose at sunrise to get an early start

to the park.起床

arise from/out of由……而引起；由……而产生；

从……中产生

arise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词argument/problem/quarrel/question/movement等

④A new difficulty has arisen. 新的困难出现了。

⑤As we all know，car accidents arise from carelessness. 众所周知，交通事故是由于粗心大意而产生的。

with the help of(＝with one's help)在……的帮助下

(教材P23)After all，with the help of

my electronic brain which never forgets anything，using my intelligence is what I'm all about! 不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切！

help sb.out

help sb.with sth.

help(to)do sth.

help oneself(to)

can't help doing sth.

帮助某人摆脱困境

在某方面帮助某人

帮着做某事

自用；自行取用

禁不住做某事

5

①I can't work out this math problem，please help me out. 我做不出这道数学题，请帮我一下。

②When she heard the funny story，she could not help laughing(laugh)．

当听到这个滑稽的故事时，她禁不住笑了。

deal with 处理；对付；安排；对待；与……打交道；涉及

(教材P24)This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. 这意味着它应该打扫房子、拖地板、做饭和接听电话。

写出下列句中deal with的含义

①In the process，the children learn to deal with difficulties.处理

②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.涉及

③The lady is hard to deal with.对付

deal with中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，表示“怎么处理/对待”；同义短语为do with，其中的do为及物动词，表示“怎么处理/对待”时，与疑问词what连用。

④You should deal with him more politely. 你应该待他更客气一些。

⑤What have they done(do) with the polluted river? 他们对这条污染的河流是怎么处理的？

watch over看守；监视；守护；照看

(教材P24)It should also watch over my naughty niece，who comes to my house very often. 它也应该看护我那淘气的外甥女，她经常到我家来。

6

(1)watch out

watch out for

watch for

(2)keep watch

on watch

keep a watch on

注意；小心(提醒某人，用于祈使句) 小心，提防；密切注意(带宾语) 观察；等待

值班；看守；照料

值班

监视

①Watch out！This is a very busy road. 当心！这条马路交通很繁忙。

②A policeman has kept a watch on the thief for one week. 警察已经监视这名小偷一周了。

【导学号：97892018】

Ⅰ.语境填词

1．She ________(signal) the car to stop by raising her hand. 2．In ________ way his statement was an honest declaration. 3．She ________(arise) from her chair when he entered the room. 4．A new minister has been appointed to watch ________ the welfare of disabled people. 5．Have you any concrete thoughts on ________ to deal with this difficulty? 【答案】

1.signaled

2.a

3.arose

4.over

5.how Ⅱ.完成句子

1．现在有这台电脑帮忙，我们就能降低生产成本了。

Now we can reduce the production costs ________. 2．孩子们从座位上站起来向国旗敬礼。

The children ________________ to salute the flag. 3．理论决不能脱离实践。

7

________________ theory be separated from practice. 4．一辆警车开到我身边示意我停下来。

A police car drew alongside and ________________. 5．这里来往的车辆开得很快，我们必须小心。

We have to ________________ along here. 【答案】

1.with the help of the computer

2.arose from their seats

3.In no way can

4.signaled to me to stop

5.watch out for fast traffic

(教材P20)By_the_time I was sixteen，my dream had come_true. 当我十六岁时，我的梦想已经成真了。

【要点提炼】

句中by the time 相当于一个连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……为止”。

(1)by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时或现在完成时时，主句通常用将来完成时(强调主句谓语动作在从句谓语动作发生之前已经完成)，有时也可用一般将来时(状态性动词)和一般现在时(祈使句) (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时(强调主句谓语动作在从句谓语动作发生之前已经完成)，有时也可用一般过去时(状态性动词或非持续性动词的否定形式)

①By the time they get there，we will have finished the work. 他们到那里时，我们已经把工作做完了。

②By the time the soldiers arrived at the area，the number of the injured had_risen(rise) to ten thousand. 当士兵们到达那个地区时，伤员已增至一万人。

(教材P23)She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching_human_games.

她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序。

8

【要点提炼】

while watching human games 为省略式状语从句，如补全为while she is watching human games.

状语从句的省略原则：

(1)在when，while，if，unless，though，once等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，为了使句子结构简洁，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。

(2)若从句的主语和动词为it＋be的某种形式时，也可以将it和be一起省略。

①The project is hard to stop once begun(begin)．

这个工程一旦开始就很难停下了。

②If necessary，please give me a call. 如果有必要，请给我打电话。

(教材P23)I would really like to play against a human team，for I have been programmed to act just like them. 我真的特别想要和人类球队比赛，因为我经过程序编制，行动起来和他们一样。

【要点提炼】

本句中for为并列连词，表原因，用于对前面所述情况作补充说明。它一般不置于句首，其前通常有逗号与前面的分句隔开。

①He found it more difficult to read，for his eyes were failing. 他觉得阅读起来更困难了，因为他的视力越来越差。

②He felt no fear，for he was a brave man. 他不感到害怕，因为他是个勇敢的人。

[明辨异同]

for，because，since，as，now that

“因为”，并列连词，前后不是主从关系，而是并列关系，它对for 前面一个分句补充说明其理由，但不具备因果关系

“因为”，与主句是因果关系，直接说明其原因，语气最强烈，也最常用，能回答why，可用强调句型对其强调

9 because

since “既然”，与主句有因果关系，说明理由，表示大家都知道的原因

“由于”，与主句有因果关系，有时可与because互换，说明显as now that 而易见的理由，但语气比较弱

“既然”，相当于since

since，now that，as，because，for ③________we are all here，let's start. ④________he wasn't ready in time，we went without him. ⑤I can't do it now ________ I'm busy. ⑥It must have rained last night，________the ground is wet. 【答案】

③Since/Now that

④As

⑤because

⑥for

完成句子

1．教室里一定没有人，因为灯灭了。

There must be nobody in the classroom，________________. 2．参观那个城市的时候，他们受到热烈欢迎。

________________，they received a warm welcome. 3．他十岁的时候就已经长得比他哥哥高了。

________________，he had outgrown his older brother. 【答案】

1.for the light is off

2.While visiting the city

3.By the

time he was ten

She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 【分析】

she has seen是定语从句修饰先行词moves；while watching human games是时间状语从句，省略了she was。

【翻译】

她训练我们所有在人类比赛中她能看到的所有可能的动作。

10

学业分层测评

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．By the time I got to the school，the bell ________(ring)．

2．When ________(ask) why he was late，he kept silent. 3．He must have come from Africa，________ he is black. 4．He signaled to the waiter ________ bring the bill. 5．No doubt he means to help，but in fact he just gets in

________

way. 6．Some risks arise ________ changes in the environment. 7．He does not know ________ to do with his vacant time. 8．________ the help of a passer-by，I carried the injured person into a shop. 9．We were amazed at the change in his ________(appear)．

10．The documents have ________(type) into a portable computer 【答案】

1.had rung

2.asked

3.for

4.to

5.the 6．from

7.what

8.With

9.appearance

10.been typed Ⅱ.完成句子

1．她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

____________ along the river bank，she was singing a pop song. 2．我回到家时她已干完活了。

She ________________ by the time I came home. 3．看到母亲她忍不住哭了。

She ________________ at the sight of her mother. 4．他们不知如何处理这台旧机器。

They didn't know ________________________. 5．即使小孩也要学会警惕身边的危险！

Even children must learn to ________________！

【答案】

1.While walking

2.had finished her work 3．can not help crying

4.how to deal with the old machine

5.watch out for danger

11

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes，in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.

Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years，each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a

$10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e­mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However，the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use

computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees—anywhere at all! Because of the many changes in computer technology，laptop use in higher education，such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful，they become more similar to

desktop computers. In addition，the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State

higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities，too.At

Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the

staff use computers. The laptops will allow all

teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one

Westlake teacher said，“Here we are in the middle

of Virginia and we're giving students a window

on the world. They can see everything and do

everything.”

【语篇解读】

本文讲述了当前社会很多人使用笔记本电脑，笔记本电脑对人们的生活有很重要的影响。而在西湖大学正准备启动一个笔记本项目。它计划在五年之内为学校的每一位学生配备一台电脑，让学生随时随地能够做作业。也能够通过邮件和老师同学交流，了解更多的关于外部世界的信息。

1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to________. A．use for their schoolwork B．access the Internet

12

C．work at home D．connect them to libraries 【解析】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的

Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. 可知答案为A。

【答案】

A 2. Why is the word “speak” in the second paragraph in quotation marks(引号)? A．They don't really talk. B．They use the computer language. C．Laptops have speakers. D．None of the above reasons is correct. 【解析】

细节理解题。根据本句中的they will be able to use e-mail to “speak”，可知用电子邮件进行的交谈不是真正和任何人面对面的交谈，故加引号。

【答案】

A 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Westlake College? A．All teachers use computers. B．1,500 students have laptops. C．It is an old college in America. D．Students there can do everything. 【解析】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的The laptops are part of a

$10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college.可知答案。

【答案】

C 4．A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can________.

A．attend lectures on information technology

B．travel around the world

C．get information from around the world D．have free laptops 【解析】

细节理解题。根据文章最后两句可知这样的计划能让学生了解到

13

世界上的信息，故选C。

【答案】

C B

In

a

research carried out in the UK, it was found that only four out of every five employees were happy at work.Surprisingly, it wasn't the pay or the love for the work that made people happy. Instead, friendly, supportive colleagues and

a

good

manager

have

been found to be the primary causes of happiness at work. So how do you develop a sense of joy on the job? Here are some suggestions. Happiness is a state of mind, so staying happy at work is completely based on a positive attitude towards your job.

Focus on the bright side of the work rather than keep talking about what makes you unhappy. Challenge yourself and take charge of your own growth in your career. Boredom is one of the primary factors that cause people to change jobs. Find new challenges and it's a great feeling to take control over what you do and see a task through. Having co-workers you like and enjoy working with is a feature of happiness in the workplace. Talk to people, get to know them and try to get along well with them in the workplace.

Meeting new people and getting fresh views can help you to keep yourself interested in your work. Complete your tasks, no matter how disagreeable or tough they might be. This gives you a sense of achievement and encourages you to work towards your goals in future. Sitting and staring at your screen all day long isn't going to help you. Instead, take breaks and go outside for some time.For example, go out for a few minutes to feel the breeze (微风). Eat your lunch outside or work for a few minutes during that hour, which helps you stay happy at work. 【语篇解读】

本文主要介绍如何在工作中保持愉快的心情。

5．Which of the following is a main cause of happiness at work? A．One's love for the work. B．Having a good manager. C．Having many supporters.

14

D．The pay one gets from work. 【解析】

细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，研究发现，工资和对工作的热爱都不是让人在工作时心情愉快的主要原因，拥有能够给予自己帮助的友好同事和好的管理者才是其主要原因。

【答案】

B 6．Why does the author advise us to keep challenging ourselves at work? A．To do our work more creatively. B．To learn from new experiences. C．To avoid feeling bored in the work place. D．To prove that we have the ability to do the task. 【解析】

细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，不断挑战自我是为了避免工作中的枯燥。

【答案】

C 7．In order to stay happy at work，we should________. A．try to make friends with our co-workers B．consider the good and bad aspects of

the work C．take charge of different tasks from

time to time D．complete those disagreeable or tough

tasks first 【解析】

细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，要想在工作中保持愉快的心情，就需要与同事交流以了解他们，与他们友好相处。也就是说，要与同事交朋友。

【答案】

A 8．The passage is written for________. A．people working in big companies B．new graduates from universities C．those working on computers D．general workers 【解析】

推理判断题。全文主要介绍了如何在工作中保持心情愉快，因此应该是针对广大工作者的。

【答案】

D

【导学号：97892044】

15

Ⅳ.阅读填句

Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don't they？__1__It really isn't that hard. Follow the steps below, and you can have a successful teenage life! ·Do well in school. Try your best, listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades.__2__And a better education will help you to get a great job in the future. ·Do something good in your community. If you like helping people, volunteer at a soup kitchen. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up garbage.__3__You're making a big difference in the world, and above all, having lots of voluntary hours will make your resume (简历) more attractive! ·__4__ Remember they're there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. Keep in mind that they do the things because they care about you and want you to succeed in life. ·Have good friends to help you out! Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits. __5__ And create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school. A．Do what you love. B．Be nice to your parents and teachers. C．Be with people who make you happy. D．This could be your job for the rest of your life. E．Doing so will help you get into a better university. F．Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life. G．When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself. 【答案】

1－5

FEGBC

16