Using LanguageⅡ国家获奖教案

Grammar 构词法

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Ability goals 能力目标

Ss can get to know more words after learning about “Word formation”. 2. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Enable Ss to use different kinds of “word formation” to make new words. Teaching important points教学重点

合成构词法，转化构词法，派生构词法 Teaching difficult points教学难点

派生构词法的前缀和后缀

Teaching step 教学步骤

Step I Compound Compound words are made from two words: two separate words (roller coaster) one word (craftsmen) or words joined by a hyphen (old-fashioned). Find the compound nouns in the reading passage. roller coaster, whichever, whatever, free-fall, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, old-fashioned, steam-engine, world-famous, horseback Compound合成

1. 合成名词

(1) n.+ n. air conditioner 空调 blood pressure 血压

income tax 所得税 credit card 信用卡

(2) adj. + n.

central bank 中央银行 fast food 快餐

solar system 太阳系 remote control 遥控

(3) v-ing +另一词

washing machine 洗衣机

driving license 驾驶执照

(4) 其他方式 by-product 副产品

editor-in-chief 主编

2. 合成形容词

(1) 过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。

absent-minded 心不在焉的

grey-haired 头发灰白的

(2) 动词的ing或另一词构成

long-suffering 长期受苦的

far-reaching 深远的(影响) 3. 合成动词及合成副词

water-ski 滑冰 overeat 吃得太多

baby-sit 看孩子 empty-handed 一无所获的

Step II Derivation New words can also be formed by using prefixes and suffixes. Try to find and underline the prefixes or suffixes in the words below. Then write out the original words.

unchangeable adj. _______ change

dislike v. __________ like

impossibility n. _________ possible

unfriendly adj. __________ friend

overwork v. ______________ work

misunderstanding n. ____________ understand

athletic adj. ______________ athlete

misread v. ________ read

translator n. _____________ translate

Derivation: add letters to the beginning or the end of a word. 派生

1) 前缀 (prefix): (1) dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear (2) in- (il-, im-, ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular, (3) un-: unhappy, unable, unfit, (4) non-: nonstop, nonverbal (非语言的) (5) re-: rewrite, review 2) 后缀(suffix): (1) 构成名词：-er, -ese, -ist, -ian, -ment, -tion, -ness, -th. buyer, Chinese, socialist, musician, agreement, collection, illness, truth (2) 构成形容词: -al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less national, American, careful, exciting, cloudy, useless (3) 构成动词: -fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize (4) 构成副词: -ly: badly

(5) 构成数词: -teen, -ty, -th thirteen, sixty, twelfth Step III Conversion Conversion: change the part of speech of a word. 转化

(1) v.—n.: charge (v.)—charge (n.) (2) n.—v.: hand (n.)—hand (v.) (3) adj.—v.: clean (adj.)—clean (v.) (4) adv.—v.: down (adv.)—down (v.) Step IV Practice I. 根据词形和词性，猜测下列合成词的意思。

1. crosswalk n. ________ 人行横道

2. forget-me-not n. ________ 勿忘我

3. Y-shaped adj. ________ Y形的

4. mother-to-be n. ________ 准妈妈

II. 用划线词的名词形式改写句子。

1. She microwaved her lunch. →__________________________________ She heated her lunch in the microwave. 2. My grandmother bottled the juice and canned the pickles (泡菜). →_______________________________________________________________ My grandmother put the juice in a bottle and the pickles in a can. III. 用斜体部分的名词形式填空。

1. I decided this. It was my _______. decision

2. We all want to be happy. We seek __________. happiness

3. We all agree. We’re all in ____________. agreement 4. Who discovered this? Who made this __________? discovery

5. We’ll all arrive. We’ll be met on _______.

arrival

6. Can you explain it? Is there a(n) __________? explanation 7. Don’t be so curious. Control your _______. curiosity 8. I warned you. I gave you enough _______. warning IV. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Working with small children is a very _______ (stress) job. stressful 2. It was very _______ (polite) of you to call him a liar. impolite

3. I didn’t intend to hurt you. I did it ___________ (accident).

accidentally

4. My new shoes are very nice, but unfortunately they are extremely ____________ (comfortable). uncomfortable

5. Be _______ (care). The weather is awful today. careful 6. When the first _______ (settle) moved into the area, they faced great hardships. settlers 7. The man was tall, with a(n) _______ (athlete) build. athletic

8. Speaking through a(n) _________ (translate), she described her life in Guatemala. translator V. 给下列单词加上前缀dis-, un-, in-或im-, 构成意思相反的词。

1. agree _______ 2. complete _________ 3. healthy ________ 4. important ________ 5. able _______ 6. cover _________ 7. known _______ 9. tidy _______ 8. practical _________ 10. perfect _________ 11. visible _______ 12. fit _________ disagree, incomplete, unhealthy, unimportant, unable, discover, unknown, impractical,

untidy, imperfect, invisible, unfit Step V. 高考链接

1. Do you think shopping online will _____ take the place of shopping in stores? A. especially B. frequently C. merely D. finally 2. The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _____.

A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization 3. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _____ journey. A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-hour D. three hours Step VI. Homework Finish Exercises 1-3 on Page 71.