Learning about Language优秀教学设计内容

Period Ⅲ

Learning about Language 现在完成时的被动语态

Teaching goals: ⅰ Knowledge goals

Get students to know the structure of the present perfect passive voice. Let students learn the usages of the present perfect passive voice. ⅱ Ability goals Enable students to use the present perfect passive voice correctly and properly. ⅲ Emotion goals Get students to become interested in grammar learning. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.

Teaching important points Get students to master the structures and usages of the present perfect passive voice. Teaching difficult points Enable students to learn how to use the present perfect passive voice correctly. Teaching methods Task-based teaching and learning Cooperative learning and practice

Teaching procedures

一、结构

肯定式

否定式

一般疑问式

特殊疑问式

二、用法

主语＋have/has been done... 主语＋have/has not been done... Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？

疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？

1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。

I have been told the sports meet will be put off. 我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟) All the preparations for the task have been done，and we're ready to start. 这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。

(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件) 完成句子

①他的小说还没有出版。

His novel ________________________．(publish) ②所有的信都已经寄出去了吗？

________ all the letters ______________？(post) ③他的工作尚未完成。

His work ______________________．

④新的订票制度已在使用中了吗？

________ the new booking systems for tickets ____________？

【答案】

①has not been published ②Have；been posted ③has not been finished ④Have；been used 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。

The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：两小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修) She hasn't been heard from since then. 从那时候起，她就没来过信。(持续：从那以后，一直没收到她的信，以后也可能收不到) 用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子

①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years. →Many houses ________ ________ ________ in the village in the past few years. ②We have planted many trees on the hill in the past 5 years.

→Many trees ________ ________ ________ on the hill in the past 5 years. 完成句子

③His sister left home in 1998，and ________ since.(hear) 【答案】

①have been built ②have been planted ③has not been heard of 3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来时的被动语态。

I will go home when my homework has been finished. 当我完成家庭作业时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态) 完成句子

①工作一完成我们就立即动身。

We'll start as soon as the work ______________．

②你可以出去，除非你的作业已经完成了。

You can go out unless your homework _________．

③新的铁路一旦建成，到达北京的用时就会更短。

Once the new railway __________________，it will take a shorter time to go to Beijing. 【答案】

①has been finished ②has been finished ③has been completed

三、注意事项

1．现在完成时的被动语态中has/have been不可漏掉。

The plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 这个计划已经由专家研究三次了。

The dirty clothes have been washed. 脏衣服已经被洗好了。

2．现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；而一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在没有关系。

The library has been built. 这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了) The library was built last year. 这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的)

3．含有非延续性动词，如begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这些动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式则可以与for或since构成的时间状语连用。

The work has been finished for two days.(×) This book has not been borrowed since last week.(√) 4．动词短语用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。

The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved.(after不可漏掉) 受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。

四．单句改错

①A personal computer has bought by us. _____________________________________________ ②The computer was used every day since we bought it. _____________________________________________ ③Tom's novel has been not published. _____________________________________________ ④These patients have been taken good care since they moved to the hospital. _____________________________________________ ⑤Tom and Mary married for two years. _____________________________________________ 【答案】

①has后加been ②was→has been ③把not移到has与been中间

④care后加of ⑤married→have been married

五．

Homework ( 3 minutes) 1.

Finish the workbook exercises on page 57. 2.

Finish the exercise as follow and hand it in the next day. 3.

Preview the passage Andy-The Android on page 23, find the sentences in which the present perfect passive voice has been used and see if you can put it into the active voice. Turn these sentences into the present perfect passive voice

1.

We have made a plan. 2.

He has fixed the computer. 3.

We have bought a new personal computer. 4.

We have found many problems with our new computer. 5.

They have built a PC the way we wanted. 6.

They have just joined our computer to the Internet. 7.

We have used the computer every day since we bought it. 8.

We have written a lot of e-mails on the computer in the past years. Suggested answers: 1.

A plan has been made by us. 2.

The computer has been fixed by him. 3.

A new personal computer has been bought by us. 4.

Many problems have been found with our new computer by us. 5.

A PC has been built the way we wanted. 6.

Our computer has just been joined to the Internet by us. 7.

The computer has been used by us since we bought it. 8.

A lot of e-mails have been written by us on the computer in the past years.