Learning about Language名师教学设计2

必修2 Unit2

重点单词.词组讲解

1.

compete

vi. 比赛竞争

How many runners will be competing in the marathon? compete in 参加…的比赛

The two teams compete for the championship. compete

for 为…而竞争

He believed that nobody could compete with him. compete with /against 与…竞争

competition

n.竞争

competitor

n. 竞争对手

competitive

adj. 竞争的

competence

n.能力，胜任

辨析：

take part in , join in ,join 与

attend

(1) take part in常指参加有组织的群众性的较大型的活动

China took part in the Olympic Games again in 1984. (2) join in 参加某种活动，

可指小型游戏活动，

有时可与take part in互换，

join sb in与某人一起做某事

Who will join us in the game?

(3) join 参加某个组织，团体，可用于join sb in (doing) sth

He joined the army 3 years ago.

Would you like to join us in the football game?

(4) attend 出席会议，

集会，

典礼都等attend meeting/school/class/ wedding/lecture

Did you attend her birthday party last night? 【07江苏】29. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with ______ service for passengers.

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A. good

B. better

C. best

D. the best

答案B

形容词或副词的比较级表示两者间的比较。根据所提供的情景“With April 18’s railway speedup”可判断出公路和航空将以对旅客更好的服务来进行竞争。形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较,意为“最……”。

【07四川】21．—Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight．

— _______ . A．It’s my duty

B. It’s all right

C．It’s my pleasure D．It’s nice to say so

答案C

It’s my pleasure.用于回答对方的感谢，表示“很荣幸能帮这个忙”。根据所提供的情景“Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight.”可判断出要用It’s my pleasure.回答。It’s my duty.表示“这是我的责任”。It’s all right.意为“不要紧”。It’s nice to say so.意为“这样说真好”。

2.

stand for

1）代表，

象征（无进行，无被动）

P．O stands for Post Office. 注意:The letters P．O stand for Post Office. stand by

袖手旁观

stand out

显眼，引人注目

【期末测试】He is a great scientist. He________ above the rest for his achievement A.

stands by

B. stands out

C. stands for

D. stands on

答案B句意为“约翰是伟大的舞蹈家，他因为出众的表演而很突出”，选项中，stand out有“突出”之意。

3.

admit

vt. (1)

接纳，

允许进入（组织，

单位。机关），

常与to/into连用

He was admitted to/into Peking University.

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必修2 Unit2

(2)

承认，

后接名词，

动名词或从句(不直接跟不定式) 同义：acknowledge The boy admitted his fault. The boy admitted having done wrong. (3)容纳

The classroom can admit 50 students. 【09四川】7. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A.

which

B. what

C. that

D. where

答案C同位语从句，从句成分完整，意思完整，用that 4.

as well 也，，

又，

相当于too

If you go, I will go as well. 区别：as well as 1)和一样好

She cooks as well as her mother does. 2)（除…之外）)又，

不但…而且（= not only … but also）

He speaks English as well as Spanish.

His children as well as his wife were invited to the party. 注意:A as well as B 的短语为主语时，

谓语动词要随A的人称，数而变化

as well 肯定句，句末

He plays the piano as well.

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必修2 Unit2

肯定句，句中

肯定句，句末，逗号

He also plays the piano. He lpays the piano,too. also too either 否定句，句末

He doesn’t play the piano,either.

5.

host (1)

vt.（作为主人）招待，

接待，

做东道主

We all know that London will host the Olympic Games in 2012. (2)

n.主人,东道主, 主持人

He acted as a host at the party

a host country 【11天津】The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.

6. replace vt 1)放回，

置于原处

All books must be replaced on the shelves. 2)代替

取代=take the place of sb/sth = take sb’s/sth’s place

Can anything replace a mother’s love and care?

replace A with/by B

用B来代替A

We will hired a new one in place of him.

in place of 代替

instead of ，replace 和instead区别

replace,是一个动词,可直接作谓语.

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instead of 是否定后在的词

instead 是否定前面的,两者都不能作谓语,instead应该放在后面. The boss left for Beijing, so he replace his position. He comes from China instead of England.他来自中国而不是来自英国. He didn't go to the cinema, he went to the park, instead.他没有去电影院,而是去了公园. 【期末测试】John not here today. Who can ______ him in the game. A.

replace

B. take the place

C. instead of

D. in place of

答案A情态动词can后要进动词原形，所以排除C,D；而B项应是take the place of，所以选A

7. charge

1) vt.收(费),要价，介词

for连用

He charged me 100 dollars for this coat. n. （可数）要价，收费

free of charge Your charges are too high. 2)vt.指控,控告，起诉，通常与介词

with 连用,构成

charge sb. with sth. The driver was charged with speeding.

3) n.表示“负责”、“管理”，通常为不可数名词

My uncle is in charge of the hospital.

Be in charge of

主管，负责

The hospital is in the charge of my uncle.

Be in the charge of

被掌管

He took charge of the hospital after his father’s death.

Take charge of 负责，接管

同义词辨析

charge / pay /cost动词用法区别：

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(1).charge用作动词时,主语是人,而不能是物

，意思是“要价”例如：

He charged two dollars for half a dozen eggs.半打鸡蛋他要价两美元. (2).cost 用作动词时,主语必须是物或各种服务事项,而不能是人。cost的宾语应当是钱、劳力生命等。

例如：

The house cost him $ 30，000。买这所房子花了他三万美元。 (3) pay 主语是人，

意思是“支付”，宾语可以是人也可以是物。例如：

He paid ten yuan for the book. 他花去19元钱买这本书。

You have to pay for what you did. 你得为自己所做的一切付出代价。

[期末测试]1.The police charged the driver_______ careless driving. A.

to

B. for

C. on

D. with 答案B

charge sb of/with sth 指控某人

8. advertise. 1) 登广告征求或寻找某物或某人，通常与介词 for 连用：

He advertised for his missing wallet.

2). 表示“为……登广告

They advertise (a new product) on TV. 有时可省略其后的宾语，用作不及物动词：

advertisement

n. 广告

[期末测试] The company is ________ for typists in the newspapers. A.

advertising

B. wanted

C. advertised

D. wanting

答案B 意为招聘想要一名打字员

9. bargain

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必修2 Unit2

1）n.便宜货，廉价品

The coat is a bargain at such a low price.

2）讨价还价，商讨条件.

He bargain with the shopkeeper over the price. bargain with sb. about /over/for sth.和某人就某事讨价还价.

【08山东】34. I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real ____.(2008年山东卷)

A. exchange

B. bargain

C. trade

D. business 答案C查英语固定短语。A real bargain真正的便宜货。Exchange交换；trade贸易；business生意；句意：我只花了10美元就买了一件衣服，真便宜啊！故C正确。

10. one after another 陆续地，

一个接一个强调连续性

They got there one after another. one by one 一个一个地

，强调一次一个

do these exercises one by one. 11.deserve v.值得, 应受，不能用于进行时态,deserve+n./to do/ doing (接doing事表示被动意义)

他这个人是罪有应得。

The man deserves to be punished. =The man deserves punishing. =The man deserves punishment. 【10浙江】李月总是很热心并且很关心班级。她经常利用课余时间帮助其他人。她理应得到这个荣誉。我们应该向她学习。

Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class. Besides, she often devotes her spare

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time to helping others. She deserves the honor and we should learn from her.

12. regular

1）adj. 有规律的,有规则的,定期的

A regular meeting

take regular exercises

I am a regular reader of this newspaper. 我是这份报纸的长期读者。

2）n.常客，老雇主

The old lady is one of our regulars. regularly

adv.定期地

irregular adj.无规则的，不定期的

13. basis

n. 基础，根据

bases (pl)

On the basis of以…为基础

What is the basis of your idea?

On the basis of the fact, we can reach the following conclusion. base ,basis, foundation辨析

1).base:(基础,底部)多指露出地面的,有形的具体基础底部及支架. Be based on以…为基础

The base of the column(柱;圆形石柱) 2.)basis (基础,根据)主要用于比喻抽象,也制信念,议论等的根据.

The basis of a good marriage is trust.

3）fundation (根本,基础) 与basis大致同义,但更具体,通常指建筑物的地基,也可引申为"根据".

The story has no foundation . [期末测试]_________the legend of China, a moving film was made by the famous director.

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A.

Based on

B. Basing on

C. Be based on

D. Being based on 答案A 这个句子的主语是

an interesting film,所以用被动

be based on. 意思是

在我们村庄的故事基础之上,那个著名的导演把它拍成一部有趣的电影.

14.responsibility

n.责任，

职责

He has a strong sense of responsibility towards he employees. A sense of responsibility责任感

I will take the responsibility for the task.

take the responsibility for sth对某事负责

responsible

adj有责任的,负责的,责任重大的,应负责的

Parents are responsible to their children.

be responsible to sb对某人负责

He is responsible for the accident.

be responsible for sth.为…负责

response

n.回答，回复

15.fine

1) vt. 罚款.

I was fined thirty dollars for speeding. fine sb .+money +for sth

因…对某人处以… 的罚金

2) n.罚金

pay a﹩50 fine =pay a fine of﹩50 3) adj. 美好的,优秀的;杰出的

This is a fine book.

4) adv. 很好地；巧妙地

That suits me fine. 16. glory

n. 光荣，荣誉

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The athletes are training hard to win glory for their motherland.

glorious

adj.光荣的，荣耀的

17. pick up拾起，（偶然）获得；（车船）中途搭（人），学会,好转,(无线电等)收听到

The boy picked up the hat for the old man. 男孩替老人拾起了帽子

She picked up French when she was in Paris. 她在巴黎时，学会了法语

I'll pick you up. 我来接你。

A bit of exercise will pick the patient up. 稍微运动运动就能使这位病人恢复健康

Looking through the evening paper last night, I picked up a lot of information. 昨晚在浏览晚报时,我偶然获得很多信息。

I picked up Fujian on the radio last night. 我昨天晚上收听到了福建广播电台

【2010山东】Sam________ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A.

brought up

B. set up

C. looked up

D. picked up

答案C

考察动词短语辨析。A抚养，养育；B查找；抬头看；C捡起；用车接；无意中学会；接受信号；康复。恢复；染上…；D建立，成立；句意：Sam通过看别人玩电脑无意中学会了一些电脑方面的知识。根据句意说明本句使用pick up表示无意中学会。

18.

find out与find辨析

find

表示“ 发现，

找到”，

其后接名词，

代词，

复合结构或that从句。

find out是“弄清，

查明”，

强调经过调查，

询问，

研究而得出某个结论，

其后一般接名词，

代词，

或从句

。

I can’t find my key.

I will find out where they live. 19. allow

vt. 允许；承认

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They don’t allow smoking here.

allow doing 允许做

Would you allow me to ask you a question?

allow sb. to do允许某人做

20. promise

1) vt.允诺,答应（其后可接不定式或从句，

也可跟名词，

代词，

或双宾语）

He promised me the book.

He promised to help us.

I can't give you the book; I've promised it to Susan.

2）给人以...的指望;有...的可能（+to-v）

It promises to be fine tomorrow.

明天有希望是个好天气。

3) n. 承诺,诺言希望,前途

make a promise 做出承诺

keep a promise保持承诺

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