Learning about LanguagePPT专用课堂实录内容

Learning about language The Teaching Plan of the Present Perfect Passive Voice

教材分析(the analysis of the teaching material) 本节课的授课内容是被动语态中的一个重难点，即：现在完成时被动语态的学习及其应用。对于该重难点学生们半知半解，再加上语法易让人觉得枯燥，导致学生对此内容有排斥和畏难心理。所以在教学中应将语法和语言基本技能二者相结合，注重学习语法和语言的应用。采用任务型教学方式并与情景教学和小组合作探究学习法结合，让学生亲身去感知领悟知识和运用知识，借此也可以扩大课堂语言输入量及学生的语言输出量，使其内容更加丰富，且有助于降低语法的难度，提高学习效率。

学情分析(the analysis of the studying situation) 高一年级作为授课对象，其大部分来自于农村，学生的基础知识较弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不足，即使如此，他们学习认真刻苦，求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。其中部分学生基础较好，能够积极主动配合老师。只有通过结合实际因材施教，让学生明白他们自己所学语言知识的实用性，这样才能激发学生学习的积极性，并在师生互动与生生互动中实现教学任务和目标。

三维目标

Knowledge Aims：

1.

Get the student to know the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 2.

Help the students learn how to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Ability Aims: Enable the students to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice correctly. Emotional Aims; 1.

Stimulate the students’ interest in learning English grammar: the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 2.

Develop the students’ ability of summarizing. 教学重难点（Teaching Difficult and Key Points.）

教学重点（Teaching Key Points）

Get the students to know the Present Perfect Passive Voice and learn how to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 教学难点（Teaching Difficult Points）

Enable the students to use the Present Prefect Passive Voice correctly. 教学方法（Teaching Methods）

1.Offer the students more examples to compare and help them discover the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 2.Make the students do the exercises in discovering useful structures of this unit for the students to master the usage of the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3.Summarize the Present Perfect Passive Voice with the students together. 4.Ask the students to do more exercises for consolidation.

教学过程（Teaching Procedures）

Step 1 Lead-in Check the homework exercise1 and 2 in learning about language and dictate some words like: artificial, technology, applications, explore, reality and so on. Step 2 Review the present perfect tense(现在完成时) 1.

结构

肯定句：主语+ have/has +V-ed 否定句：主语+have/has +not + V-ed 一般疑问句：Have /Has +主语+ V-ed+ 其他

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has + 主语+V-ed+ 其他

2.

用法

（1）动作发生在过去，并对现在造成影响；常用的时间状语有already, yet, ever, never, just, before…（yet位于句末，其他一般置于助动词之后，过去分词之前）

Eg：I have already finished my homework. （2）动作发生在过去, 并一直持续到现在，还有可能持续到将来; 通常和for 和since引导的时间状语连用。

Eg：I have been a student for ten years. Step3 Learning the structure: the present perfect passive voice 用一个例句，怎么表达“脏衣服都已经被洗干净了”，来引出现在完成时的被动。

那么先来看一组例句，然后小组讨论并总结这些例句的相似之处。

Do the underlined parts have something in common? 1.

The houses have been destroyed by the storm . 2.

Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict. 3.

He has been sent to study the new technology in the company. 4.

Have the windows been cleaned? 5.

How many shopping centers have been built in this city? Learning the structure(语法精讲：现在完成时的被动语态) 一．基本结构

肯定式：have/has+been+done 否定式：have/has+not+been+done 一般疑问式：Have/has +主语+been +done 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has +主语+been+done 二、主要用法

1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当动词为短暂动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不能与for或since引导的表示一段的时间状语连用. I’ m sorry, but the letters haven’ t been typed yet. 很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打印出来。（结果是，现在还拿不到这些信件）

The work has already been finished. 工作已完成了。（结果是，现在不用做这项工作了）

2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long…?句型中。

The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours. 这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。

3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。

You can go home as soon as your task has been finished.

你的任务一完成就可以回家。

三．需要注意的问题

1.

现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。

2.

与一般过去式的被动语态的区别。一般过去式的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况有联系。

The library was built last year. 这座图书馆是去年修成的。

The library has been built. 这座图书馆已经修好了。

3.

只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态，如：

happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit, stand, break out, come true, belong to等. Eg: What has happened to your brother? 4.

但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。

Eg: The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.

A notice has been put up on the wall. 5.

时间副词的位置

Often, usually , always, never, hardly, seldom, 等副词置于have/has和been中间。

Eg：[误]Such a man has been hardly believed.

[正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 6. 一些特殊动词，如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应意思则需改换动词或时态。

Eg: My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

[误]How long has this book been bought?

[正] How long ago was this book bought?

Step 4 高考链接

（2010.福建）Every year a flood of farmers arrive in ShenZhen for the money making jobs they _____before leaving their hometowns. A. promised

B. were promised C. have promised

D. have been promised (2009. 全国卷I)Her sister left home in 1998, and ____since. A. had not been heard of

B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of

D. has not heard of (2008. 陕西卷)Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic____. A. had changed

B. will change C. was changed

D. has been changed Step 5 Consolidation: correct the sentences 1.

Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.

2.

Many measures have taken. been 3.

Citizens have been request not to throw rubbish and litter everywhere. requested 4.

The number of cars have been limited to reduce our pollution. has 5.

More and more people has sensed the importance of the environment protection. have 6.

People have became responsible for building a beautiful hometown. become

板书设计（Blackboard design）

The present perfect tense The present perfect passive voice 结构

用法

作业（Homework）

Do the exercise2 in Discovering useful structures.

教学反思（Teaching reflection）

It is no doubt that grammar is the key point in our daily teaching. But it is also the most difficult and insipid part in English learning, which makes grammar teaching more difficult. Therefore, combining grammar with the use of language skills is so important that we can’t ignore. And by situational teaching methods, we can arouse Ss’

interest and motivation in learning grammar.