Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、ComprehendingPPT配套教学设计内容

Unit2 Sailing the Oceans Reading Teaching Aims:

a. Learn and master the key words and expressions

Voyage, mercy, minimum, nowhere, pole, overhead, offshore, accelerate, outward, longitude, latitude, precise, simplify, portable, shortcoming, updated, tendency, reliable at, the mercy of, even though, work out, be used to, in relation to, aim to , …

b. Train the students’ reading ability. Let the students have some knowledge of early navigational methods. Explain how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the 17th century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land. Teaching Difficult Points: a. How to help the students understand the reading passage better. b. How to improve the students’ reading ability.

Teaching Methods: a. Scanning the text to get the general idea of it. b. Carefully reading to finish the Comprehending exercises on page 14.

c. Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better. Teaching Aids: The multimedia; a computer; the blackboard Teaching procedures & ways

Step1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual.

Step2 Revision

Check the homework exercises.

Step3 Pre-reading Show the students some pictures to see if they can identify the early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they used.

Step 4 Discussion Discuss the questions on page11. 1. How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? 2. Which do you think was easier to work out: latitude or longitude? 3. Can you identify these early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they are used?

4. Which ones do you think are still used today?

Step 5 Listening and comprehending

A.

Read the passage quickly and answer these questions. 1. Where do these materials come from? 2. What did the early navigator use to help them navigate? 3. What natural objects were used to assist the navigation? 4. Is it easier to measure longitude or latitude?

5. Do the astrolabe, the quadrant and the sextant mean the same thing? B. After listening to the contents of the text do the comprehending exercises 1. Read the passage and answer the following questions. What is the use of a bearing circle,

astrolabe, quadrant or sextant? (

)

What is the use of a compass?

(

)

A.

To set the course of the ship

B.

To measure the position of the ship

C.

To measure the speed of the ship

D. To tell the time 2) Why are speed and time important in working out the longitude of a ship? 3) Why is the position of the sun and various stars useful for working out latitude?

2. Suppose you were a sea captain aiming to sail round Africa. Discuss in groups: 1) What skills would you seek in your sailors? 2) What problems would you anticipate for this journey? 3. Read the chart below and fill in your plans of action to deal with them. 4. Read the passage again and use the information to analyze the navigational skills. Using nature: 1. To find the ship’s position at sea a sailor used the North Star and the sun. 2. A sailor knew that land was nearby if he saw fresh seaweed, nesting birds returning home in the evening or fog. 3. Sailors used sea currents or tides and winds to increase their speed. Using instruments 4. There were two methods to find longitude:

1)measuring time and speed;

2)compass and complicated mathematical tablet.

5 Write down the working principles of the following instruments:

Bearing circle: Astrolabe: Quadrant: Sextant:

Step6 Discussion Let’s the students have a discussion by working in pairs or in groups. Topic: Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hole ten items. What would you need for a week’s journey across the North Sea to England? Suggested Answer: Category Clothes Items shirt, trousers Category Shoes Items waterproof

boots Hygiene Bedding soap blanket Tools Medicines knife,

scissors

sea-sick

tablets, cold

medicine

Games cards, chess Books novels, essay collections

Step7 Summary

This reading explains how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the seventeenth century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land.

Step8 Homework 1. Review this passage. 2. Preview Learning about language.