Learning about Language教学内容

三元整合教学模式英语学科导学稿（教师版）

编号

B4U204 编写人：梁静仪

审稿人：高一英语备课组

2018-5-5

班级：

座号：

姓名：

一、课题：B4U2 Working the land（人教版英语必修4 P9-16）

二、课型：Grammar 非谓语动词

三、教学目标：

（1）能理解不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词在句中的作用。

（2）能通过对所给例句进行观察，分析和比较对非谓语动词的相关语法规则进行归纳和概括。

（3）能正确判断挖空句子中所给动词该用谓语还是非谓语动词形式

。

（4）能正确运用所学规则在挖空的句子中填入正确的动词形式。

四、课时安排：2个课时

五、学习过程：

（一）复习回顾：

1、_______________是指在句中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。非谓语动词除了不能独立作_____________外，可以承担句子的任何成分。

2、_____________指在句中充当谓语的动词，有行为动词、系动词、情态动词和助动词等，其中行为动词又包括_____________和______________。谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的，一般由动词或短语动词承担．

3、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点：

（1）非谓语动词可以有_________作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

（2）非谓语动词可以有_________作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

（3）非谓语动词可以有_________作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。

（4）谓语动词在句中作_________，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作_________，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

Keys: 1非谓语动词，谓语

2谓语动词，及物动词，不及物动词

3名词，形容词，副词，谓语，谓语

（二）学习新知：

1 先判断空格处该用谓语还是非谓语动词，再用所给词语的适当形式填空。

1）The house belongs to my aunt but she ________________ (not live) here any more.

（谓语；非谓语）

2)

Mr.Victor came to our classroom ________________(have) a talk with us last week.

（谓语；非谓语）

3）_______________(work) under such a condition is terrible.

（谓Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 1

语；非谓语）

4）Three weeks ___________________ (allow) for making the necessary preparations.

（谓语；非谓语）

5）I am sorry _________________ (keep) you waiting long.

（谓语；非谓语）

6）_______________ (see) from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

（谓语；非谓语）

7）There are two big ______________ (swim) pools here.

（谓语；非谓语）

8）In western countries, mountains of rubbish ________________ (throw) away each day. （谓语；非谓语）

9) The teacher together with some students ___________________ (visit) the factory now. （谓语；非谓语）

10) The majority of the students _____________ (like) English.

（谓语；非谓语）

Keys: 1）doesn’t

live (谓语）

2) to have

（非谓语）

3) working （非谓语）

4) is allowed (谓语）

5)to have kept （非谓语）

6) Seen （非谓语）

7) swimming （非谓语）

8) are thrown (谓语）

9) is visiting (谓语）

10) like (谓语）

2 观察划线部分，思考它们充当何种句子成分。

1）To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.

Seeing is believing. It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.

It's no use quarrelling. 2）Her job is to clean the hall.

In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.

The job is boring. 3）Please remember to see the film on TV tonight.

We remembered having seen the film. He gave us some advice on how to learn English.

4）I saw him cross the road.

I got him to carry the heavy bag for me. Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?

I heard the song sung several times last week.

5）He found a good house to live in

He can't walk without a walking-stick.

The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 6）He worked day and night to get the money.

He arrived late only to find the train had gone.

He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 2

To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.

Being a League member, he is always helping others.

Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.

学习小结：非谓语动词能充当的句子成分（在相应的空格内划“√”）：

动名词

不定式

现在分词

过去分词

主语

√

√

宾语

√

√

表语

√

√

√

√

宾语补足语

√

√

√

定语

√

√

√

√

状语

√

√

√

3 观察划线部分，注意非谓语动词表示进行、完成、主动、被动的意义以及它们与谓语动词发生的时间先后关系。

1) I saw him go out.

He pretended to be working hard. I am glad to have met you.

He pretended to have been hurt by what she said. 2) They went to the park, singing and talking.

The problem being discussed is very important.

Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.

3) He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.

I regret not following his advice.

He regretted having missed the film. The bird luckily missed being shot by the hunter.

His not knowing English troubled him a lot.

4)The window is broken.

With the work done, they went out to play.

Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 学习小结：非谓语动词与谓语动词发生的时间关系（在相应的空格内划“√”）

形式

不定式

构成（以do为例）

时态语态

一般式

完成式

进行式

现在分词

一般式

完成式

主动

to do to have done to be doing doing having done 被动

to be done to have been done 无

being done having been 与谓语动词发生的时间关系

之前发生

同时发生

√

√

√

√

之后发生

√

Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 3

done 过去分词

动名词

一般式

一般式

完成式

无

doing having done done being done having been done √

√

√

√

4.高考真题

1)[2012•课标全国卷] Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ such art forms as music and painting.

A．having compared to

B．comparing to C．compare to

D．compared to [解析] D

考查非谓语动词的用法。此处是被省略的时间状语从句，其相当于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and painting。这里film和compare之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。又因为从句主语和主句主语一致，所以film和is被省略。句意：电影的历史短得多，尤其是当它和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比时。

2)[2012•安徽卷] When ________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A. asking

B. asked

C. having asked

D. to be asked

[解析] B

考查非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的关键是找出逻辑主语，然后判断逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的关系，如果构成主动关系，用-ing形式，如果构成被动关系，则用-ed形式，如果表示将来，则用to do结构。该非谓语动词ask与逻辑主语Philip之间构成被动关系，所以用asked。

3)[2012•北京卷] Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.

A．to stay

B．staying

C．stayed

D．stay

[解析] A

本题考查非谓语动词。不定式to stay作定语修饰前面的warning，表示目的。句意：鸟类的歌唱有时也是一种让其他鸟远离的警告。

4)[2012•四川卷] Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________.

A．washed

B．wash

C．washing

D．to wash

[解析] A

本题考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意：在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

5)[2012•福建卷] China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________ in the South China Sea.

A．attacking

B．having attacked

C．being attacked

D．having been attacked

[解析] C

本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境，中国最近加强了黄岩岛附近水域的控制以防止中国渔船在中国南海被袭。prevent…from后接动名词且在此须使用被动语态。故选C。

6)[2012•湖南卷] Time，________ correctly, is money in the bank. Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 4

A．to use

B．used

C．using

D．use

[解析] B

考查非谓语动词的过去分词作定语。句意：时间，如果正确利用，就像在银行的存款。该非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语Time，其“使用”是被动的，已经完成的，因此用动词的过去分词。故选B。非谓语动词的最大考点就在于，其逻辑主语一定是主句的主语，因此，做该类题目时，我们一定要首先保证非谓语动词的主语与主句的主语保持一致。

7)[2012•辽宁卷] This machine is very easy ________. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A．operating

B．to be operating

C．operated

D．to operate

[解析] D

本题考查非谓语动词。首先我们要分析出句子的结构是“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”，这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动。句意：这种机器很容易操作，任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用。

8)[2012•山东卷] George returned after the war, only________that his wife had left him.

A. to be told

B. telling

C. being told

D. told

[解析] A

本题考查非谓语动词。主句为完整的句子，故用非谓语动词作状语；表示意想不到的结果时应用动词不定式。句意：George从战场上回来，结果被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。

5、及时演练：

用括号内动词的正确形式填空

1. The computer centre , __opened___________ ( open )last year , is very popular among the students in this school .

2. Go on ______to do____( do ) the other exercise after you have finished this one .

3. How about two of us _______taking_______ ( take ) a walk down the garden .

4.Most of the people ________invited______ （invite）to the party were famous scientists.

5. He______was told_______ (tell) many times, but he still couldn’t understand it .

6. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______to rest________ (rest)on a big rock by the side of the path .

7. The next morning she found the man ____lying___________(lie) in bed , dead .

8. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _not to make____________( not make) it more difficult .

9. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks, ___adding______ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here. 10. __Not having received_________________ (not receive) a reply, he decided to write again.

11.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself _____heard________ (hear).

(三)学习小结

非谓语动词在句中的成分

宾语

表语

状语

定语

宾语补足语

Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 5

非谓语动词在句中的位置

逻辑主语

动词或介词后

连系动词后

有逗号；句首或句中

句子的主语

名词前或后

宾语后面

句子的主语

句子的主所修饰的词

句子的宾语

语

Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun. 6