Learning about Language教案2

A Teaching Design for Unit2,Book4 Grammar—use V-ing forms as the Subject and the Object Analyzing the teaching material: This is the fourth lesson of Unit 2. More importantly ,this is the beginning of the usage of Non-finite verb(非谓语动词). It is mainly about the usage of v-ing form as the subject and object. In the Unit3 and Unit4,the students will continue to learn the usages of the v-ing forms as the Object Complement, Predicative, attribute or Adverbial. As the understanding of the basic English sentence pattern of subject-verb-object is quite important for the students, the teacher intends to help the students to sense the structure via Free Talk. Especially, use V-ing forms either the subject or object. Then make the students find it out in the reading passage, observe and understand how to use it. Step by step, following the general understanding, there are many tasks to listen, to speak, to read, to write, to think, to sing and translate. Analyzing the students: It is a wonderful way for the students to learn Grammar by reading, speaking, listening and writing. They should find out the rules on their own by observing and practicing. Although some may be afraid of learning Grammar points through English , it will be acceptable and lively to make the lesson interesting and connect it with their daily life. Teaching objectives: 1.

Knowledge Objectives: Get students to learn the –ing form as the subject and object. 2.

Ability Objectives: Enable students to use the V–ing form as the subject and object correctly and properly according to the context; Improve their English thinking quality; Increase their intercultural communication competence 3.

Emotion Objectives: Get students to become interested in grammar learning; Developing students’ sense of group cooperation; cultivating students’ patriotism Teaching important points: 1.

Enable students to learn the –ing form as the subject and object. 2.

Have students master the nature, reason, function and meaning of the –ving form. Teaching difficult points: To use v-ing form properly Teaching methods:

Task-based approach, situational approach and communicative approach Teaching aids:

Slide, Multi-media, blackboard Teaching procedure:

Step1: Lead-in

At the beginning of the class, introduce and write down the theme on the blackboard, asking them some relative questions. T: Do you know v-ing form? S: V+-ing.

For example, find-finding, expand-expanding, spend-spending, play-playing, read-reading, lead-leading;

circulate-circulating, increase-increasing, produce-producing , battle-battling, reduce-reducing, underline-underlining ;

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swim-swimming, rid-ridding, struggle-struggling, equip-equipping, skim-skimming; T: Do you know the Subject or Object? S: The Subject is 主语，Object is 宾语。

T: Right! The Subject is a noun , noun phrase or pronoun representing the person or thing that performs the action of the Verb, about which sth is stated or ,in a passive sentence, that is affected by the action of verb. The Object is a noun , noun phrase or pronoun that refers to a person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb(called the direct object), or that the action is done to or for(called the indirect object) Eg: Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20%more of the crop in the same field. We can conclude the basic sentence pattern—N.+V.+N./ S+V+O T: Can verb be used as the subject or object in a sentence? S: Of course not. The Verb only just can be used as predicate verb .

T: Exactly! The Verb only just can be used as predicate verb. More importantly, one sentence has and only has one predicate verb, so the other verbs except the predicate verb could be used as non-predicate, such as subject, object, object complement, predicative, attribute and adverbial. In another word, only the verb is transformed into an noun does it can be used as subject and object. T: How to transform a verb into an noun?

S: Add –ing to the verb. T: Indeed! There are two methods. First one is add ‘–ing’ to a verb, forming V-ing form; second one is add ‘to’ to a verb, forming the infinitive (to do). Step 2 Discovering

(group work) Ask the students to find and underline the all sentences in the reading passage on page10 that use –ing form in group of four. Ask some students to share their finding. They could find out: Eg: 1. Since then , finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.

2. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.

3. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.

4. Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.

5. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.

6. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.

7. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.

8. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.

9. He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.

10. Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Step 3 Finding and Discussing (group work)

Ask the students to find and underline the sentences in the reading passage on page10 that use –ing forms as the subject in group of four. Ask some students to share their finding and analyze the v-ing form’s usage .

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T: Now tell me which sentences using v-ing form as subject. S: They are: #1.Since then , finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. #7.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. #8.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. T: Good job! Here v-ing form used as subject. Then,tell me why we should use v-ing form here.

Give the students some minutes to discuss in group and complete the chart below. 名称

Name

The v-ing form 本质

Nature Non-finite verb 原因

Reason 用法

Function

含义

Meaning

Ongoing Active relationship Be used to doing sth The sentence has

Subject only one predicate

verb According to the sentences ,students discuss and get the structure about v-ing form used as the subject in each group. T: what is the function of “v-ing” in these sentences? S: They are subjects. T: What is the meaning where the –ing form is used in each sentence? Adding: The v-ing forms’ structures: V-ing+谓语 +其他... It is + adj./ n. + V-ing

否定式：not V-ing

被动式：being V-ed Step 4 Describing pictures using the –ing form as the subject

Give the students some pictures and some sentences which lacks the subjects.

Let the students describing pictures using the –ing form as the subject. Helping people in need is nice. Growing super hybrid rice is not easy. Learning more about farming is not difficult Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city. Getting rid of hunger is very important for some people. Explaining this again is important or we will confuse the students. Step 5

Finding and Discussing (group work)

Ask the students to find and underline the sentences in the reading passage on page10 that use –ing forms as the object in group of four. Ask some students to share their finding and analyze the v-ing form’s usage . T: Now tell me which sentences using v-ing form as the object. S: They are: #2. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. #4.Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.. #6.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. #9.He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. T: Good job! Here v-ing form used as object. Then, tell me why we should use v-ing form here.

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Give the students some minutes to discuss in group and complete the chart below. 名称

Name

The v-ing form 本质

Nature Non-finite verb 原因

Reason 用法

Usage

含义

Meaning

1.Ongoing（正在进行）

2.Active relationship（表示主动关系）

3.Be used to doing sth（表示已经发生或正在进行或经常存在的状态）

4.是具有动词性质胡名词，可放在介词后做宾语

The sentence has

Object

only one predicate verb Step 6

Singing and writing There are many English songs which have the use of v-ing as the objective. By singing and learning English songs , the students not only could learn the important language points but also improve their interest in English culture.

The first song is My Love by Westlife. -----I try to read,I go to work ,I’m laughing with my friends ,but I can’t stop to keep myself from thinking

The second song is We Won’t Be Falling by陈雪燃

-----We are the one ,we won’t be falling down. As the sun will keep on shining ,the story will keep on going. we are theone ,We will be holding on ,for the promise we held for life, for the people we love are leaving .please tell my friends we won’t be falling down ,as the sun will keep on shining and the story will keep on going. ah…… we will be holding on , as the sea we are rise upon,and the story will keep on going. (陈雪燃

we won’t be falling 镇魂

主题曲) Step 7 Finding and Discussing (group work) Ask the students to find out the sentences in which the –ing form used as the Attribute , Adverbial and Predicative in the 10 sentences in group of four. Ask some students to share their finding and analyze the v-ing form’s usage . T: Now tell me which sentence uses -ing form as the Attribute. S: #3. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.

T: Then, which sentence uses -ing form as the Adverbial? S: #5. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. T: Then, which sentence uses -ing form as the Predicative? S:#10. Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. T: Good job! Here v-ing form used as the Attribute, Adverbial and Predicative. Then, tell me why we should use v-ing form here.

Give the students some minutes to discuss in group and complete the chart below.

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名称

Name

The v-ing form 本质

Nature Non-finite verb 原因

Reason 用法

Usage

含义

Meaning

1.Ongoing（正在进行）

2.Active relationship（表示主动关系）

3.Be used to doing sth（表示已经发生或正在进行或经常存在的状态）

4.是具有动词性质的名词，可放在介词后做宾语

The sentence has

Attribute only one predicate Adverbial verb Predicative

Step 8 Poetry translation In this section, let students translate some Chinese poem and taste the beauty in the poems. In the meantime, understand and use the v-ing form properly. The setting sun seems so sublime, o but ‘tis near its dying time!夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏（唐。

李商隐。

登乐游原）

The songstress knowing not the grief of conquered land, still sings the song composed by a captive king’s hand.( 唐。杜牧。〈泊秦淮〉商女不知亡国恨，隔江尤唱《后庭花》) A drizzling rain falls like tears on the mourning day; the mourner’s heart is going to break on his way.( 唐。杜牧。《清明》清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂) At moonset cry the crows, streaking the frosty sky; dimly lit fishing boats beneath maples sadly lie.(唐。张继。《枫桥夜泊》

月落乌啼霜满天，江枫鱼火对愁眠。) Startled by magpies leaving the branch in moonlight, I hear cicadas shrill in the breeze at midnight. The ricefields’sweet smell promises a bumper year; listen,how frogs’croaks please the ear! 明月别枝惊鹊，清风半夜鸣蝉。稻花香里说丰年，听取蛙声一片。（宋

辛弃疾

《西江月

夜行黄沙道中》）

Step 9 Summary Present the chart on the screen, ask the students to conclude and fill in the chart together.

名称

Name

The v-ing form 本质

Nature Non-finite verb(非谓语动词) 原因

Reason 用法

Function

含义

Meaning

1.Ongoing（正在进行）

2.Active relationship（表示主动关系）

3.Be used to doing sth（表示已经发生或正在进行或经常存在的状态）

4.是具有动词性质胡名词，可放在介词后The sentence has

Subject only one predicate Object verb Predicative Attribute Object complement

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做宾语

Step 10 Homework 1. Do the exercises 2-4 on page13. 2. write about yourself or one of your friends, using v-ing as much as possible. 3. Preview the usage of the infinitive by searching internet to find out the difference between the –ing form and the infinitive.

4. learn and sing the songs : My love & We won’t be falling down.

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