Learning about Language名师教学设计1

Learning about Language

Grammar---V-ing form as the subject and the object Teaching Goals:

教学目标

To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: The –ing form as the subject & object) Teaching important points 教学重点

Help Ss understand the V-ing form used as subject and object. Teaching difficult points 教学难点

Help Ss know how to use the V-ing form as subject and object freely. Teaching methods 教学方法

Explaining, discussing and practising. Teaching Procedures: 教学过程

Step 1. Revision Check the students’ homework and explain some difficult exercises Step 2. Lead-in Use some public signs to let Ss know what is V-ing. Step 3. Grammar Purpose: To get Ss to have knowledge of the grammar: the –ing form as the subject & object

Explain the grammar for Ss. 一、动词-ing形式作主语

表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。如：

Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

无论对年轻人和老年人来讲, 走路是一种很好的锻炼。

Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。

2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard work,a hard / difficult job, a waste of time等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。如:

It’s no use making an excuse for this. 为这件事找借口是没有用的。

It’s a waste of time talking about such a useless thing.

谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。

It’s dangerous swimming in the sea on windy days. 有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的。

It is worthwhile discussing the question. 这个问题值得讨论。

3.

在there be结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。如：

若要人不知, 除非己莫为。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．

这种事开不得玩笑。Here is no joking about such matter. 无法知道他什么时候离开There was no knowing when he would leave.

动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：

动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作, 不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：还是个孩子的时侯, 她就觉得探视病人是一种责任, 也

是一种愉悦。

As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure．

到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历

Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. 我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。

It’s an honor for me to be invited to the party．

当动名词用作主语时, 其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。

我姐姐病了, 使我很担心。

My sister’s being ill made me worried.

你正确未必就意味着我错了。

Your being right doesn’t necessarily mean my being wrong.

二、动名词用作宾语

动名词作宾语有两种情况。

1. 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand等。如：

我不能不去。I can’t avoid going．

你是否考虑过找一位挚友?

Have you considered looking for one special friend? 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。

We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake．

晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper?

人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。

People couldn’t help laughing foolish man．

这类动词还有: excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk, insist on, look forward, feel like等。

2. 既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词, 常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget，remember, hate等。

在like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同, 只是侧重点有些不同, 动名词表示泛指的动作, 不定式表示具体的一次性动作。

在begin/start, continue之后, 用动名词和不定式, 意义无甚区别, 尤其是当主语是人的时候。在动词forget, remember, regret之后, 用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作

先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作, 如：我记得我已把信寄了。

I remember posting the letter．

我会记着去寄信的。

I’ll remember to post the letter．

我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。

I shall never forget seeing the famous writer．

在try, mean之后, 意义各不相同, 如try to do (设法), try doing (试试), mean to do (打算, 有意要做), mean doing (意思是, 意味着)。

如: 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

We must try to get everything done in time．

我们用别的方法做这工作试试。

Let’s try doing the working in some other way．

我并不想叫你生气。

I didn’t mean to make you angry．

你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。

Your plan would mean spending hours

go on doing 和go on to do go on doing 继续做一直在做的事;

go on to do 接着做另一件事。如：

请接着做这同一个练习。

Please go on doing the same exercise．

请做另外一个练习。

Please go on to do the other exercise．

stop doing与stop to do: Stop doing停止做，

stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如: 我们停止了交谈。We stopped talking．

我们停了下来去谈话。We stopped to talk 3. 作介词宾语

动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。

A. 介词+动名词,

如：我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。

We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits.

我向你道歉, 刚才对你那样生气。

I apologize for being so angry with you. 离开几年之后再回到你的家乡, 感觉有点怪。

After being away for several years, it is a strange experience to return to the hometown B.动词+介词+动名词, 如：

我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。

I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition．

同学们脸上没有笑容, 相反都做了怪脸。

Instead of smiling, each of them made a face．

她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。

She was very interested in working for our company．

下列短语中的to都是介词, 所以后面跟名词

或-ing形式: devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, stick to,be used to等。

Step 4. Consolidation Give Ss some exercises to let them learn the grammar better. 1. If you can keep ________(read) English newspapers, your English will be improved.

2. He has promised __________(come) to my birthday party. 3. I hate _________________(tell) lies! 4. I will never forget __________(go) to

Beijing with him last summer.

5.I forgot ________(tell) her the news; so she knew nothing about it. 6.No one enjoys _______ at. A. laughing

B. to laugh

C. being laughed

D. to be laughed 7.You must do something to prevent your house _______. A. to be broken in

B. from being broken in C. to break in

D. from breaking in 8.They insisted on _______ another chance to try. given

B. giving

C. being given

D. to be given 9. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.

--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time. A. to put；to take

B. putting；taking C. putting；to take

D. to put；taking 10.His room needs _______, so he must have it _______. A. painting；painted

B. painted；painting C. painting；painting

D. painted；painted 11.After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents. A. write

B. writing

C. wrote

D. to write 12.The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care. A. looking after

B. to look after C. to be looked after

D. taken good care of

13.Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language. A. to learn；to learn

B. learning；learning C. learning about；learn

D. learning about；learning Step 5. Homework Ask Ss to finish Ex3and Ex4on P13.