Learning about Language教学设计实例

Unit 2

Working the land Language points

(Ⅰ)单词拼写

1．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade (十年)．

2．Expanding (扩展) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 3．Some farmers have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling (努力) to increase their incomes. 4．—How I regret (后悔) making the stupid mistake and wasting so much of our time! —Yes. I had suggested doing it another way, but in vain. 5．The method of reducing (减少) the teaching cost has been discussed at the meeting. 6．It is very modern and about 80 percent of its products export (出口) to foreign countries. 7．With all his attention focused (集中精力) on his experiment, he has no time to spend with his family. 8．Such comments (评论) seem to suggest he had a big influence on the art world of her time. (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空

1．The discovery (discover) is highly appreciated in scientific fields. 2．She was so hungry (hunger) for success that she’d do anything to achieve it. 3．The new satellite TV channels offer viewers greater freedom (free) of choice. 4．Social status is largely determined by the occupation (occupy) of the main breadwinner. 5．They hope that the new model will go into production (produce) next year. 6．Disturbing news came that the Ebola virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed. (disturb) 7．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip) 8．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse) 1．“扩展”词汇全接触

①expand v．

②enlarge v.

③spread v.

④prolong v.

⑤extend v.

2．equip用法小结

1 扩展；扩张；膨胀

扩大；放大

扩展；蔓延；传播

延长；拖延

延伸；扩大

①equip ... with ...

②be equipped with

③equip ... for sth./to do sth.

用……装备……

装备着……

为了……而装备

④be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的3.-dom后缀的名词一览

①freedom

②newspaper dom

③kingdom

④officialdom

⑤wisdom

4．由后缀-ment构成的名词面面观

①equip→equipment

②develop→development

③argue→argument

④establish→establishment

⑤employ→employment

⑥improve→improvement

⑦amuse→amusement

⑧assess→assessment

5．“评论”单词知多少

①comment n．

②remark n.

③review n.

④criticism n.

(Ⅰ)完成下列短语

1．thanks to

幸亏；由于；因为

2．rid ...of

3．be satisfied with

4．would rather

5．build up

6．lead to

7．focus on

8．be rich in

9．keep ...free from/of

自由

新闻界

王国

政界

智慧

装备

发展

争论

建立

雇用

提高

娱乐

评估

评论；意见；批评

评论

回顾；复习；评论

批评；(尤指对书、电影等的)评论

使……摆脱或除去

对……感到满意

宁愿；宁可

逐渐增强；建立；开发

导致；造成(后果) 集中(注意力、精力等)于

盛产

使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) 2

10．in addition

(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空

另外

1．Thanks to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life. 2．To be mentally healthy, you need to build up good relationships with each other. 3．This kind of discussion will lead to still greater differences between the two parties. 4．We should learn to keep ourselves free from/of love of money and be content with what we have. 5．He would rather stay alone rather than gossip with his co-workers in his spare time. 6．We asked all our customers if they were satisfied with the service they had received. 7．We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud. 8．If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors. 1．含up的短语全接触

①build up

②hang up

③pick up

④bring up

⑤dress up

⑥clear up

⑦make up

⑧show up

⑨take up

⑩break up

2．“导致”短语个个清

①lead to

②result in

③contribute to

④bring about

⑤give rise to

⑥account for

导致；造成

导致；结果是

促成；有助于

导致；引起

导致；造成

解释；导致

1．If so, what did you do to grow them? [译文]

如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？

3 逐渐增强；建立

挂起来；挂断电话

捡起；学会

抚养；教养

穿上盛装；打扮

澄清；放晴

虚构；弥补；组成

出现；露面

占据；从事

分裂；打碎

[解读]

if so意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。

[仿写]

他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。

They think she may try to phone. If so, someone must stay here. 2．Yuan Long ping grows what is called super hybrid rice.

[译文]

袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。

[解读]

what is called ...“所谓的……”，what引导宾语从句。

[仿写]

众所周知，我们生活在所谓的信息时代。

As is known to us, we now live in

what is called Information Age. 3．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. [译文]

他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。

[解读]

would rather (not) do sth.“宁愿(不)做……”。

[仿写]

他宁愿给学生上课也不愿被邀请参加乏味的会议。

He would rather give lectures to the students than be invited to boring conferences. (2015·怀化模拟)

倒装句是写作中的高级表达，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。恰当合理地使用倒装句能显示出考生较高的英语表达能力。

彰显水平的倒装句型

1．only＋状语/状语从句＋部分倒装

只有……

①Only

in

this

way

can

people

from all over the world communicate easily and effectively.(2014·江苏高考标准范文) 只有通过这种方式，来自全世界的人才能轻松、有效地交流。

②Only when you realize the importance of English can you put your heart into it. 只有你认识到英语的重要性，你才能全身心投入其中。

2．not only ...but also ...不仅……而且……

As far as I am concerned, not

only

will

her

generosity

help those in need realize their dreams and rebuild faith in life, but

also it will motivate more people to participate in such a good deed. (2014·广东高考满分作文) 就我而言，她的慷慨不仅能帮助那些处于困境的人实现梦想、重拾生活信心，而且还能激励更多人做这样的一个善事。

3．hardly ... when .../no sooner ... than ... 一……就……

No sooner/Hardly had he finished his talk than/when he was surrounded by the excited workers. 他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。

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4．not until ...

直到……才……

Not

until the river was seriously polluted did the local government realize the problem. 直到河水被严重污染了，当地政府才意识到这个问题。

5．were/should/had ...

如果……

Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike had

I

lost heart. (2014·福建高考标准范文) 回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。

6．in front of/at the foot of ...＋全部倒装

Just in

front

of

our

house

stands

a

tall

tree with a history of 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now. 刚好在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。

7．up/down/in/out/now/then ...＋全部倒装

For a moment nothing happened. Then

came

voices all shouting together. 有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家的喊叫声。

8．as/though尽管……

Child as he is, he knows a lot about astronomy. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。

9．so＋形容词/副词＋that ... 如此……以至于……

So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try putting them on.(2014·福建高考标准范文) 我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它们。

1．struggle vt.& vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎

[高考佳句]

Why do Americans struggle

with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin？(2014·陕西高考阅读C) 为什么美国人正在为减轻自己的体重作斗争，而食用含丰富脂肪食品的法国人却能继续保持身材苗条？

[感悟·考什么]

介词填空/完成句子

①Despite his terrible injuries, he wouldn’t give up the struggle for life. 他尽管身负重伤，但仍然不会放弃求生的努力。

②To get an education, he was struggling against many difficulties.(2014·江苏高考完形) 为了获得受教育的机会，他正跟很多困难作斗争。

③Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet, and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.

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玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。

(1)struggle for

struggle with/against sb./sth.

struggle to do sth.

struggle to one’s feet

(2)with a struggle

为……而斗争

与……作斗争

努力做某事

挣扎着站起来

费劲地

[写作佳句]

Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to lead an active life.

海伦·凯勒19个月大时就变得又聋又瞎了，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。

2．equip vt.& vi.装备；配备

[教材原句]

He therefore gives millions of yuan

to equip

others for their research in agriculture. 因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。

[感悟·考什么]

用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子

①It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak (speak)．

(2009·全国卷Ⅱ单选) 人们常说，人天生具有说话的能力。

②As far as I know, he is equipped (equip) with much experience in teaching. 据我所知，他具有丰富的教学经验。

③Our hotel is a well-equipped five-star hotel with excellent service standards. 我们酒店是一家设备齐全、服务优秀的五星级酒店。

[点拨·学什么]

(1)equip sb./sth. to do sth.

equip sb./sth. for

equip sb./sth. with sth.

be well/poorly equipped (2)equipment n.

well-equipped adj.

poor-equipped adj.

使……具备条件做某事

为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物

用……装备某物；让某人具备(知识、技能等) 设备精良的/差的

设备

设备精良的

设备差的

[写作佳句]

Having equipped himself with

necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence. 具备了必要的知识和技能后，这个年轻人满怀信心地去了就业市场。

3．regret v．可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜

n．遗憾；抱歉

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[高考佳句]

If we don’t act now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it.

(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ单选) 如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境的话，我们将抱憾终身。

[感悟·考什么]

用所给词的适当形式填空

①Jerry did not regret giving/having given (give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.(2012·北京高考单选) 杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。

②I regret to tell (tell) you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.(2010·山东高考写作) 我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。

[点拨·学什么]

having done sth.(1)regret

doing sth.

后悔做了某事

遗憾地说/告知……

遗憾……

很遗憾

让某人感到遗憾的是

regret to say/tell/inform ...that ...

regret that ...

(2)with great/deep regret

to one’s regret

[写作佳句]

We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful. 我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。

4．focus vt.

集中注意力；聚焦n.焦点；关注点

[教材原句]

They focus

on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。

完成句子/介词填空

①In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives.(2011·北京高考书面表达) 在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。

②If we find those materials interesting, we’ll focus our attention on them for long. (2013·四川高考书面表达) 如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。

③Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention/concern.

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健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。

[点拨·学什么]

(1)focus on

集中于……

focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on

集中注意力/目光/精力于……

(2)the focus of attention/concern

注意力/关注的焦点

[写作佳句]

It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of

families, shouldering the hope of their parents.(2013·福建高考书面表达) 这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。

[联想发散]

想一想表示“集中注意力/精力于……”的短语还有哪些？试完成下列短语。

①pay attention to sth. ②put one’s heart into sth. ③fix one’s attention on sth. ④concentrate one’s attention on sth.

1．expand vt.使变大；使增强；阐述vi.扩大；增加；增强

expand one’s knowledge/mind

expand on/upon

扩展知识/增长心智

详述；详细说明

The purpose of education should be to expand the minds of children. 教育的目的应该是增长学生们的心智。

2．reduce vt.减少；减缩；使沦落

reduce ... to ...

reduce ... by ...

be reduced to

减少到……

减少了……

沦落为……；陷入某种状态

Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can’t afford it either. 尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。

3．comment n．评论；议论vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论

make comments on/about ...

No comment!

comment on/upon sth.

对……加以评论

无可奉告！

对……发表评论

I’d appreciate it if you can make helpful comments on my work. 如果你对我的工作提出有益的评论，我将感激不尽。

1．The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to reduce air pollution (以减少空气污染)．

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2．—Do you have any comments to make about the cause of the accident? —No comment (无可奉告)! 3．In his lecture the teacher expanded on/upon (详细地讲述) the uses of the English subjunctive mood.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．I regret to tell (tell) you that your problems are beyond my power.You’ll have to turn to some other one, I’m afraid. 2．(2014·福建高考短文填词)By focusing on saving oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste. 3．(2010·湖南高考单选)Dina, having struggled (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. 4．To find a good job, I need to continue my education, equipping (equip) myself with rich knowledge. 5．I can’t comment on the statement before I have got further information. 6．We can’t accept your offer unless the price is reduced by 5%. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．只有通过更多地关注改正我们的错误，将来我们才能改善自我。

Only by focusing more on correcting our mistakes can we better ourselves in the future. (2013·湖南高考书面表达)2.我感到非常遗憾的是我们没有多少时间讨论这个问题了。

To my great regret/Much to my regret, we have no much time left to discuss the problem. 3．在餐桌上孩子们大声谈话以至于我必须努力说话才能被听到。

The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard. 4．它有能力减少疼痛而且使人身心放松。

It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically.(2012·安徽高考阅读B)

5．因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。

→They are equipped with new scientific farming methods, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. →Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(过去分词作状语) 1．build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累

[经典例句]

The museum has

built up a fine art collection.(朗文P267) 这家博物馆已经积累了一批艺术藏品。

9

写出下列句中build up 的含义

①Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.(2013·浙江高考单选)积累

②His confidence built up

gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.(2015·金丽衢十二校联考)逐渐增强

③Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind.增强……的体质

④It’s said that she’s built up a very successful business.建立；创办

[串记·相关短语]

pick up

take up

hang up

dress up

make up

show up

bring up

break up

选用上述短语填空

⑤It didn’t take me long to pick up the basic knowledge of the language. 我没费多长时间就学会了这门语言的基础知识。

⑥Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby. 许多退休的人都开始以园艺为嗜好。

2．lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向……

[高考佳句]

A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.(2012·福建高考短文填词) 缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。

完成句子/用所给词的适当形式填空

①Indeed, pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. (2014·重庆高考阅读B) 实际上，疼痛表明你的身体有问题，并且继续进行体育锻炼有可能会导致严重的伤病。

②The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s being caught (catch)．

新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。

③In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.(2010·天津高考书面表达) 在课堂上我会把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。

10 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载

拿起；开始；从事

挂起来；挂断电话

穿上盛装；打扮

虚构；弥补；组成

出现；露面

抚养；教养

分裂；打碎

lead sb. to do sth.

lead/live a ...life

lead the way

使某人做某事

过……样的生活

引路；带路

lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。

Ⅰ.选词填空

keep ... free from，

rid ... of，

thanks to，

build up，

lead to

1．Therefore, let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles. 2．As is known to us all, success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure. 3．Balanced diet and proper exercise can keep you free from disease. 4．Thanks to your help, we finished the task ahead of schedule. 5．A deep breath and a balanced mind will help (to) rid you of the anxiety and nervousness. Ⅱ.运用所学短语完成下列语段

In order to rid local people of (让当地人摆脱) poverty, he made up his mind to build up (扩大) his business. More and more people have good jobs and earn a great deal of money at present. However, they are not satisfied with (不满意) the life because of the haze. Thanks to (多亏了) the government’s effort, the air pollution has been reduced by (减少了) more than 50%. As is known to us, it is our activity that leads to (导致) air pollution.

1．If so, what did you do to grow them?

如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？

if so“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。

①If so, you don’t have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. (2014·辽宁高考阅读B) 如果是这样的话，你不必去买一些东西，但如果你去买一些东西那就更好了。

②I think there’s a train at midday.If not,

you’ll have to wait till 12：30. 我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到12点半了。

if ever

if any

if possible

if necessary

如果有过/发生过的话

如果有的话

如果有可能

如果有必要

③If possible, try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.

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如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。

④He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him. 他非常乐意帮助别人，当别人求助于他的时候，他很少(如果曾经有过的话)拒绝他们。

2．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.

他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。

句中would rather (not) do sth. 意为“宁愿(不)做……”。

①Would you rather stay at home or go out to have a picnic with us? 你是待在家里还是和我们一起出去野餐？

1would rather do sth. than do sth.

prefer to do sth. rather than do 

sth.

would do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿……而不愿……/与其……

倒不如……用过去时，表示现在或将来虚拟(2)would rather＋从句

用过去完成时，表示过去虚拟

(3)would rather have done

本来想做……而未实现

②We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.(2014·陕西高考单选) 我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已不再是小孩了。

③Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets. 他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿用这种不正当的手段挣钱。

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．I would rather you had finished (finish) your homework yesterday. 2．She would rather you came (come) tomorrow than today. 3．—What about going camping again this weekend? —I’d rather not.I’d rather stay (stay) at home and read my novel. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．The girl seldom, if ever (如果有过的话), turned to her brother for protection. 2．—I hear Mr. Wang has passed the driving test. —If so (如果这样的话), let me go and congratulate him. 3．—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? —Yes.If possible (如果可能的话), I’m going to visit some old people’s homes in the city. 4．To live a low-carbon life, some people would rather take the bus than drive a car (坐公交

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车也不愿开车) to work. 5．I would rather you began to do (开始做) the work at once by yourself.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Much to my regret, I refused to accept your kind invitation. 2．Being brought (bring) up in the countryside made Mr.Wilson very hard-working when he was very young. 3．My mother doesn’t want to find a job and would rather stay (stay) at home and be a housewife. 4．Women have gained the freedom (free) to decide whether or not to marry. 5．In some poor African areas, many children died of hunger (hungry) every year. 6．He has been reduced to skin and bones because of illness. 7．This is a modern, bright and well equipped hospital, and its equipment is of the first level.(equip) 8．Those climbers struggled against the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountain. 9．Now the international world are focusing their attention on the situation of Syria. 10．Satisfied (satisfy) with the result she got, she decided to treat herself to an ice-cream.

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