Learning about Language教学设计

Book 7

Unit 3

Under the Sea 编写人：王妮妮

Period 1 Warming up and Reading

Learning aims: 1. To improve the ability of reading by skinning and scanning.

2. To learn about some knowledge undersea by reading. Learning important points:

To analyze the whole text and know about the structure and the main idea of the text Learning difficult points: To grasp the two reading techniques:

1. Skimming reading or browsing；2. Scanning reading

Learning guide: Read , copy and recite Step1 Warming-up: What can you see under sea? Where can you see them? Learning procedures and ways: Step2 Skimming

Decide the following statements are true (T) or false (F)? （1）The author believed the story was truth at the very beginning. F (2) The killer whale was throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again just to play.

F (3) Old Tom swam by our boat, showing us the way. T

(4) The whale caught by the killers died and its whole body was eaten by the killers.

F

(5) James was afraid of being abandoned by us. T

(6) No one saved James, and he was killed by a shark. F

Step3:Scanning

1.The text is mainly about _B___.

A. the killer whales are easily trained B. the killer whales can help the whalers catch the huge whales C. the killer whales kill the whales for their food D. the killer whales drag the whales under the water 2. __B___ killed the whale at last. A. Old Tom

B. the killer whales

C. the author

D. the whalers 3. After the whale died, the whalers turned the boat around and went home because __A___.

A. they knew it would float up tomorrow

B. they abandoned it C. the killer whale would drag it back soon

D. a dead whale is useless 4. The killer whale protected James by __C___.

A. fighting the shark

B. killing the shark

C. preventing the shark going closer

D. dragging him back 5. From the story, we learn that __B___.

A. the whalers needn’t train the killer whales

B. the whalers may train the killer whales C. the killer whales live on other whales

D. the author worked in the whale station for a long time

1

课后反思：

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Period 2 Language Points Teaching aims: Learn some new words,phrases and sentence structures in the reading. Key and difficult points: Help the students fully understand and grasp some vocabulary 重点单词

1.

witness (教材原句)

I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. 〖归纳拓展〗

witness vt .

当场见；目击；作证； n. 目击者；证人；证据

be a witness to…. 是…的目击者

give/bear witness to/of

做…的证人/证据

〖语境助记〗

(1)

His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment. 他的健康状况是治疗成功的见证。

(2)

The year 1849 witnessed a great war in Hungary. 1849年匈牙利经历了一场伟大的战争。

〖题组训练〗

(1)

Many people ___witnessed the car acident______, so it was not difficult to investigate. 很多人目击了这次车祸，所以调查并不难。

(2)

The year 1949 __witnessed____ the foundation of the people’s Republic of China.

1949年见证了中华人民共和国的成立。

2.urge

(教材原句) “Man overboard ! Turn the boat around! ” urged George, shouting loudly.

【归纳拓展】

urge vt

催促；极力主张

urge sb to do sth

激励某人做某事

urge that..

主张…(用虚拟语气) urgency

n.

紧急，迫切

urgent adj 紧急的，急迫的

〖语境助记〗

(1)

The government urged the citizens to help reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.

政府呼吁市民们帮助减少噪音和空气污染。

(2)

The public urge that smoking (should) be banned in public places for the sake of others’ health. 公众强烈要求为了他人的健康，在公众场所应禁止吸烟。

〖题组训练〗

(1)

Police are urging anyone who saw the accident ____to contact___________ (contact) them immediately. (2)

The report urged that all children ___(should)__be taught_________ (teach) to swim.

2

3.

abandon (教材原句) From James’ face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 〖归纳拓展〗

abandon

vt 放弃；遗弃；抛弃

abandon oneself to

沉溺于… 纵情于…

abandon one’s hope/idea/plan

放弃希望/主意/计划

abandoned

adj

被遗弃的；被抛弃的；废弃的

〖语境助记〗

(1)

Without worrying about anything, she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure.由于没有什么可担忧的，她沉溺于娱乐生活中。

(2)

My dad abandoned smoking because of his poor health. 因为身体不好，我的父亲戒烟了。

〖题组训练〗

(1)

用abandon的适当形式填空

①

The game had to __be abandoned____due to bad weather. ②

Because of the fog they _abandoned____their idea of driving. ③

They were accused of ____abandoning_________ their socialist principles (2)

The girl had to ____A______ her journey because of her mother ‘s illness.

A.

Abandon

B. leave

C. escape

D. stop 4

help…out

帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难

〖语境助记〗

(1)

Nobody helped me out when I lost my job.

在我失业的时候没人帮助我。

(2)

As he is my best friend, when I am in trouble he will certainly help me out. 因为他是我最好的朋友，当我遇到麻烦时他肯定会帮助我。

〖归纳拓展〗

help oneself to sth. 随便取/用/吃某物

can’t help (to) do…

不能帮忙做…. can’t

help doing sth…

禁不住做…

can’t help but do…

不得不做…

〖语境助记〗

(1)She couldn’t help laughing when she heard it.

当她听到那事时禁不住大笑起来。

(2)I couldn’t help but notice the new clothes she wore.我不能不注意到她穿的新衣服。

〖题组训练〗

①Whenever she heard that someone had trouble, she would go to__D_______. A.

find out

B. work out

C. carry out

D. help out 当堂检测

1.

---Given the heavy fog, I suggest we __B_____ the idea of driving for a vacation. --- We may as well put it off till tomorrow or wait until it completely disappears. A.

raise

B. abandon

C. rise

D. refuse 2.

A person who has seen someone or something can bear __A______ to the fact. A.

witness

B. evidence

C. promise

D. appearance

3.

Educators ___D____ parents to learn everything they can about the functions of the media

3

products their children use, set rules and monitor use. A.

command

B. suggest

C. alarm

D. urge 4.

I can’t lift the box. Will you __A___ me ______? A.

help; out

B. find; out

C. work; out

D. figure; out 5.

He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _B________ any of your work. A.

doing

B. to do

C. being done

D. to be done 课后反思：

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Period 3 Grammar Learning aims：1.Learn some useful structures. 2.

Learn about

the usage of he Passive Voice of —ing Form Learning importances and difficulties ：

How to master the grammar and use it correctly

1、V-ing 形式

V-ing 形式由

“do＋ing” 构成，其否定形式是

“not doing”, V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成

V-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。

时态

一般式

完成式

语态

主动语态

(not) doing (not) having done 被动语态

(not) being done (not) having been done 【注】一般式：表示这个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生。

完成式：强调这个被动的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。

2、动词-ing形式的被动语态

当动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing 形式的被动语态。动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语，但不能单独作谓语。其完成式多在句中作状语。

3、动词-ing形式的被动式的句法功能

（1）用作主语

E.g. ①Being killed by sharks in the sea is a common thing. ②Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make successful kill. ★

___C___ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (上海高考题

2002) A. Exposed

B. Having exposed

C. Being exposed D. After being exposed （2）用作宾语

E.g. ①He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. ②I remember having been told the story.

4

V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。

★

The bird escaped _____being caught________________ (catch). ★

He was afraid of ____being abandoned_____________________(abandon) by us. 【注意】

在

avoid, admit, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on

等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。

（3）用作定语

E.g. ①The problem being discussed now is very important. ② The house being built will be our library upon its completion. （4）用作状语

E.g. ①Being asked to answer the question, she couldn’t refuse.

② Having been given such a good chance, how would you not value it at all? （5）用作表语

E.g. What worried the child most was not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. （6）用作宾语补足语

E.g. ①You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere now.

②I saw a baby being caught away by two men. 【练习】

动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分? ★

So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. ★

He didn’t mind being left at home.

★

That building being repaired is our library. ★

Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.

★

Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away? 4、比较

①动词-ing一般时和一般时的被动形式

(1) He hurried home, looking behind from time to time. (2) The building being repaired is our dormitory.

②动词-ing的完成时和完成时的被动形式

(1) Having heard this, our teacher expressed her satisfaction. (2) Having been asked to stay, I couldn’t leave.

【注意】

1）在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。

E.g. ①The flowers in the garden want watering．

= The flowers in the garden want to be watered．花园里的花需要浇水了。

②The blackboard needs cleaning.

= The blackboard needs to be cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。

2）在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。

E.g. His suggestion is worth considering. 他的提议值得考虑

此句可转换成：His suggestion is worthy to be considered.

His suggestion is worthy of being considered.

5

3）allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用V-ing形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。

E.g. I don’t allow him to swim here.

我不允许他在此地游泳。

4）V-ing可带有自己的逻辑主语

一般情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构称为独立结构。V-ing自己带的逻辑主语有两种形式：a）在V-ing前加“物主代词或名词的所有格”；b）在V-ing前加“名词的普通格或人称代词的宾格”。两者的区别是：前者为正式语体，后者多用于非正式语体，多见于口语和动名词位于句中时。因此，在书面文体中，尽量用前者，不用后者；但在口语中使用后者更为自然。

E.g. ①Do you mind my smoking in the room? 你介意我在室内吸烟吗？

②The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home.会议结束后, 我们都离开房间开车走了。

【即学即练】I. Choose the right answer. 1. --- What made Bill so angry?

---

_B__. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet.

A. Having kept waiting

B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting

D. Being kept waited 2. The building _D__ in our school is for us teachers. Though there’s noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it. A. built

B. having been built

C. to be built

D. being built 3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _C__. A. catching

B. to be caught

C. being caught

D. to catch 4. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _C__ into buying something they don’t really need.

A. to persuaded

B. persuading

C. being persuaded

D. be persuaded

5. _B__ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises.

A. Having taught

B. Having been taught

C. taught

D. Teaching

6. ____A_____ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film.

A. Having been told

B. Having told

C. Been told

D. Telling

7. He has always insisted on his D___ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner. A. been called

B. called

C. having called

D. being called 8. Do you mind__C___ alone at home? A. Jane’s leaving

B Jane’s having left

C Jane’s being left

D Jane to be left 9.___B___ to put on a performance, Miss Green couldn't refuse very well.

A. Being asked

B. Asked

C. Ask

D. To be asked

10. The missing boys were last seen

A__ on the playground. A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. to play

11. Any driver _D__ a license ought to be punished. A. doesn’t have

B. having not

C. has not

D. not having

12. _B__ the idiom, he looked it up in the dictionary. A. Not learning

B. Never having learned C. Having not learned

D. Having never learned

13. Do you mind __C_ alone at home? A. Jane leaving

B.

Jane having left

C. Jane’s being left

D.

Jane to be left

6

14. — You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

— Well, now I regret __D__ that. A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D. having done

II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. __Asked___________________ (ask) to put on performance, she refused. 2. He disliked _____being interrupted__________ (interrupt) in his experiment. 3. ______Given___________ (give) such a good chance, you should catch it. 4. I didn’t mind ______being left____________ (leave) at home. 5. The house wants ____cleaning______________ (clean). 6. He came in without __being asked_________________ (ask). 7. __Having been showed___(show) around the library, we were taken to see the lab. 8. Our neighbor came close to _____being killed_________ (kill) in a traffic accident the other day. 9. It made me upset to hear the news of his _being fired____ (fire) from that good job. 10. The foreign friends you referred to are looking forward to _being shown________ (show) around our newly built language lab.

【师生反思】

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Period４

Using Language Learning aims：1. To learn some useful words and phrases in this passage. 2. To read and understand the passage to develop writing ability. Learning importance and difficulties：

1. To get the students to learn the structure of the passage to improve the writing ability. 2. To get the students to master some important language points. Step1课前预习

Task 1 重点单词

____jog________ (vi) 慢跑

(vt) 轻推；轻撞

___target_____(n) 目标；靶

3. __reflect____(vi) 思考

(vt)映射；

反射；思考

4____aware______ (adj)意识到的；知道的

5.___vivid________(adj) 生动的；鲜明的

6.___narrow___(adj) 狭窄的，有限的

7.____sharp_______(adj) 锐利的；锋利的

8.___tasty_____ (adj) 好吃的；可口的

9.____scare________ (vi)受惊吓

10.___pension_________(n)

养老金；退休金

Task 2重点单词

1. __on__ the beach

在海滩

2. be concerned ___about/with______... 关心…

3.__in___ danger of….

处于….的危险中

4. be/become aware __of___ 对…知道；

意识到….

5._upside____ down上下翻转

6. get close __to____接近

7. (be) scared __to____ death

吓死了

Task 3．重点句型

1. I’m sitting in the warm night air _with______ a cold drink in my hand and __reflecting__

7

on the day--- a day of pure magic!

我在温热的晚风中，手里拿着一杯冷饮，回想着那一天----那绝对神奇的一天！

2. __Seeing___such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. 看到这样奇特的美景，我全身的每个细胞都苏醒了。

3.__It seemed_____ there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passages with mu underwater flashlight…

当我在小石洞、岩石和狭窄的通道用我的水下闪光灯探索时，似乎每个角落都有使我感到惊奇的东西等着我…

Step2 Fast reading Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text. In the diary, the author mainly wants to tell us that____A_____. what he saw in the sea

B. how the fish eat in the sea C. the vivid colors in the sea

D. all the plants in the sea are poisonous 2. What was hanging upside down in the sea according to the text?

C A. The orange and white anemonefish. B. The yellow—spotted red sea—slug. C. The yellow and green parrotfish. D. The orange and blue—striped and angelfish. 3. When the author saw two___D_____, he felt scared to death. A. anemonefish

B. parrotfish

C. sea—slugs

D. sharks 4. How many kinds of creatures didn’t the author want to get too close to according to the fourth paragraph?

B

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five 5. From the whole text we know that the author felt that__A______.

A. he was a tiny spot compared with the whole world.

B. the ocean was a tiny spot compared with the whole world.

C. there was no danger in the sea except sharks.

D. all kinds of fish were waiting for something for food. Step 3

Careful reading Read the text carefully and then match the topic of each paragraph.

Paragraph

Topics Paragraph 1

A. Colors and shapes Paragraph 2

B. Dangers Paragraph 3

C. Reflecting Paragraph 4

D. The reef’s edge

Paragraph 5

E. A final thought Paragraph 6

F. Some sea creatures Step4 Important words and phrases

1,scare

vi 受惊吓

vt 恐吓;使受惊吓

〖经典句型〗

I don’t scare easily.

我不大容易受惊吓

They’ll scare her out of telling the police.

他们要把她吓得不敢报警。

She is scared to ride the horse.

她害怕骑马。

〖归纳拓展〗

8

sb. be scared of sth.

某人害怕….

scare sb. into doing sth.

吓得某人干….

scare sb out of doing sth.

吓得某人不敢干….

be scared to death

吓得要死

be scared to do sth.

害怕做某事

〖题组训练〗

Tom was so ___B____ of the dark that his mum gave him a torch to keep under his pillow. tired

B. scared

C. fond

D. short be/become aware of …

对…知道、明白；

意识到…

be/become aware that

知道…; 意识到…

awareness

n. 知道；意识

hat he had made a serious mistake.

他没有意识到他已犯了一个严重的错误。

〖题组训练〗

Since public opinion is so important in America, its leaders are always __D__ of what the people think when they act. tired

B. curious

C. interested

D. aware This event not only raised __A____ of world hunger, but also raised lots of money to help starving children.

A. awareness

B. information

C. conscience

D. knowledge 2,I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!

with a cold drink in my hand 是with 的复合结构

with 的复合结构可以是“with +宾语+形容词/副词/介词(短语)/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式“,常用来作状语，表示条件、原因、方式、时间、伴随情况等，其中动词不定式表示将要发生的动作，现在分词表示宾语与该动词为主动关系，而过去分词则表示宾语与该动词之间为被动关系或动作已结束。

with + n+adj. When he is eating, he doesn’t speak with his mouth full of food.

他在吃饭的时候，满嘴食物不能说话。

with+n+adv With the breakfast over, the boy hurried to school.

吃完早饭，这个男孩匆匆上学去了。

with +n.+prep短语

The teacher came in with books under her arms.

老师胳膊底下夹着书走了进来。

with + n+ to do With his homework to do, he has to stay at home without playing football.

因为有作业要做，他不得不呆在家里而没有去踢足球。

with + n + doing He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.

他躺在那里眼睛看着天空

with + n+ done He went out to play with the work done.

他做完工作出去玩了。

〖题组训练〗

1.John received an invitation to dinner, and with __his work finished (完成了工作), he gladly accepted it.

(finish) 2.They marched towards the village __with a child leading the way_______ (在一个孩子的

9

带领下)

(lead) 3.Don’t stand ___with your hands in your pockets

(手插在口袋里)。(pocket) 4.She is fond of sleeping __with the window open__________

(开着窗户)

(open) 5.______With nothing to do____________(由于没有事要做)，he went out for

a walk. Step5 当堂检测

1.In the old days, parents usually used wolf to ____B________ their little children into obeying them. A.spare

B. scare

C. glare

D. bare 2.Li Ming was so __B____ of the snake that he began to cry the moment he saw it. A.pround

B. scared

C.tired

D.guilty 3.Most parents are not ____D____ the danger of their babies’ eating jelly (果冻，肉冻)，

which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen. A.well

aware to

B. very aware of

C. aware that

D. well aware of 4.As we grow up, it always ___D_____ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. A.suggests

B. promises

C. requires

D. seems 5.An old woman was __A______ go across the street when a car rushed to her and knocked her down. A. about to

B. on the point of

C. about of

D. on the point to 课后反思：

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Period 5

Writing 【学习目标】让学生学会写投诉抱怨类信件

【自主学习】

一、什么是投诉信

投诉、抱怨类的信件也是考试常常涉及到的内容，一般是当自己的正常生活受到骚扰、自己的利益受到侵害或当社会规范有失规范时，用来表达不满情绪和提出批评。

所有的投诉信都有一个共同点，就是最终是要收信人解决问题，所以需要提出解决方案。

★注意: 如果题目中没有给出解决方案，那么就要根据投诉内容中的不满提出自己的解决方案。

二、怎样写投诉信

1、首段：表明来信所要投诉的问题，尽可能做到客观礼貌，给读者留下好印象。

2、主体段落：写明投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果。可以说具体的理由，也可以说问题的具体体现方式。

3、结尾段：提出解决方案，不需展开。这段应体现书信的礼貌原则，可以用类似“如果你能……，我将十分感激”这样的表达方式。

★一般情况下，可以按照下面的思路行文：

a．抱怨投诉行为

b．投诉内容具体描述

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c．要求弥补纠正赔偿

d. 对被投诉人的敦促或威胁

【知识拓展】

抱怨投诉行为：

I'm writing to complain about/that ... 投诉内容具体描述: I felt really angry about.. I find it difficult to... to be honest, I am not prepared to put up with... I would appreciate it very much if you could... 对被投诉人的敦促或威胁: I hope you could deal with it as soon as possible. If you can’t give me a satisfactory answer, I will ...

【合作探究】

范例：情景介绍

假如你是一名乘客，名叫李华，对这次航班不满意，理由有如下四个：

（1）航空公司给你弄丢了一个重要的包，内有公司机密文件；

（2）飞机迟到一个半小时；

（3）飞机上的食物很差；

（4）乘务员的服务态度不好。

（5）请就此事给航空公司写一封投诉信。100词左右。

一．给出模版

Dear_____:

①My name is ......②

I’m writing this letter about...... ③

I’m sorry to say that I’m very unhappy about ...④ First of all,... ⑤ secondly,...⑥Thirdly,...⑦ Fourthly, I hate to say this, but...⑧ Honestly speaking,...⑨The focus of my complaint is ...⑩ I do hope...

二．范文

My name is LuHua, a passenger of your airline. I’m writing this letter about your bad service.

I’m sorry to say that I’m very unhappy about you airline. First of all, your airline lost one of my bags, in which there is an important paper of our company. Secondly, my plane was one and a half hour late. You know, I had to attend an important meeting in time. Thirdly, the food on the plane was terrible. Fourthly, I hate to say this, but I think the attendants (服务员)on the plane were unfriendly and impolite to me. Honestly speaking, this is the worst airline I know in the world. The focus of my complaint is where is my bags is.

I do hope you can help me find my bag and improve your service.

三．高考链接（08年湖北）

假设你是卜曼宜，你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。

要点：

1. 问题：手机不响铃，不能发短信；

该产品已售完，无法更换；

型号新，无配件，无法维修。

2. 要求：公司应尽快予以更换。

注意：1. 词数为100左右；

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2. 参考词汇：配件-- spare part; 3. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）；

4.已给出的电子邮件的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。

（以下内容不得抄入答题卡）

Dear Sir, I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr. 2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, P.R. China….

Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely yours, Bu Manyi 【范文】

Dear Sir,

I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, P.R. China. Ten days after that, it didn’t ring and send short messages. Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the model had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one. I had no choice but to go to the repairman. To my disappointment, he said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts. I was so desperate on hearing that for I cannot wait that long. Therefore, I have to require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month.

Thank you for your consideration.

Sincerely yours,

Bu Manyi

【名师点评】

本文内容要点齐全，语言丰富，结构合理，如头两句说明了购买手机后发现故障的情况，中间部分说明了无法维修而必须让公司更换手机的原委，最后明确提出自己的要求，明白流畅，将题目所提出的要点全部表达清楚，较好的完成了任务。全文以一般过去时为基调，结合主动语态与被动语态，并使用了so, but, therefore 等连接词，使文章结构完整严密。固定短语，如be sold out ,at least, had no choice but to go, to my disappointment, on hearing that 等的使用，使文章的语言显得地道而精炼。

课后反思：

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