Learning about Language优质课教案

Unit 2 Working the land Learning about Language

Grammar --- the usage of the -ing form as subject and object

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language 目标语言

The -ing form as subject and object. 2. Ability goals 能力目标

Enable Ss to master the usage of the words and expressions above and use the -ing form as subject and object correctly and freely. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标

Help Ss learn how to use these words and expressions freely to express their ideas and use the -ing form as subject and object as they like. They can also practise actively and attentively so that they reach their goals. Teaching important points 教学重点

The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object. Teaching difficult points 教具难点

How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely. Teaching methods 教学方法

Explaining, discussing and practising. Teaching aids 教具准备

A projector and a computer. Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

Grammar

一、动词-ing的结构

一般式

完成式

二、动词-ing结构含义

1 主动形式

(not) doing (not) having done 被动形式

(not) being done (not) having been done

1）一般式：动作正在进行或与主句谓语动词同时发生。

Being a student, he is interested in books. Having studied in university for 3 years, he knows the way very well. 2) 完成式：动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。

Having studied in university for 3 years, he knows the way very well. 3) 主动：逻辑主语是动名词动作的执行者。

They were praised for having finished the work ahead of time. 4) 被动：逻辑主语是动名词的承受者。

The question being discussed is important. 三、动词-ing的分类

动名词

动名词具有动词和名词的特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

动词-ing

现在分词

相当于adj.和adv.，在句中作表语、定语、宾补和状语

（分析动词-ing在句中的功能和类别）

Smoking is harmful to us. I enjoy listening to music. The movie is very boring. My hobby is growing flowers. She kept me waiting for over 20 minutes. falling leaves

正在下落的树叶

a reading room

阅览室

His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 四、动词-ing的语法功能

一）动名词做主语的用法

1. 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty.

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2. 动名词做主语用it作形式主语。如：

It is no use trying to argue with Jack 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：

It +be +a waste of time doing

做……是浪费时间的

It is/was no good/use doing

做……是没益/用处的

It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing

做……不值得

It is/was worth/worthwhile doing

做……是值得的

3. 在there be no结构中作主语

Here is no joking about such matter.

二）动名词作宾语的用法

1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid，can't stand（不能忍受）, consider，delay, devote … to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up,

imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss（错过）, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest等等。

e.g.

I can’t avoid going．

I’m looking forward to seeing my pen friend.

注意: 当

need, want, require, worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。

Your hair wants cutting.

你的头发该理了。

4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和

用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。

5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

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forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事

remember

regret

stop Forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事

Mean to do sth.意欲/想/企图做某事

Mean doing sth.意味着做某事

Try to do sth.努力/试图做某事

Try doing sth.尝试着做某事

Go on to do sth.（做完某事）接着做另一件事

Go on doing sth.继续做同一件事

Can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事

Can’t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事

Be used to do sth.被用来做某事

Be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

6. 在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如try to do (设法)，try doing (试试)，mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味着)。

e.g.

I didn’t mean to make you angry．

Your plan would mean spending hours．

7. 动词-ing形式作宾语时，省掉介词的常见结构

spend …

(in) doing sth. 花费……做某事

have difficulty / trouble (in) doing … 做……有困难/麻烦

stop / prevent … (from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事

waste time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某事

be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事

have a good / hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事高兴

/ 费了很大劲

e.g.

He is usually busy managing his shop. 三）动词-ing的复合结构

1）adj. 物主代词

+ doing 2）代词宾格

+ doing

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3）n. + doing 4）n.’s + doing 四）考例

1. —

Let's have a rest．

—

Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet．

A. study

B. to study

C. for studying

D. studying 2. —

Let me tell you something about the journalists．

—

Don't you remember ________ me the story yesterday？

A. told

B. telling

C. to tell

D. to have told 3. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car.

A. repairing

B. repair

C. to repair

D. repaired 4.

Have you forgotten ___$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember ____ it tomorrow?

A. borrowing; to bring

B. to borrow; bring

C. borrowed; bringing

D. borrowing; bringing 4. The classroom wants _____.

A. clean

B. cleaned

C. to clean

D. cleaning 5. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __ for us.

A. to wait

B. wait

C. waiting

D. waited 6. My brother keeps ___ me with my work.

A. to help

B. help

C. helping

D. helped 7. We should often practise ___ English with each other.

A. to speak

B. spoke

C. speak

D. speaking 8. The story was so funny that we ___.

A. couldn’t help laugh

B. can’t but laugh

C. couldn’t help laughing

D. couldn’t help but to laugh

9. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______.

A. being bought

B. buying

C. to buy

D. buying it

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10. He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory.

A. study

B. be studied

C. studying

D. have studied 11. We are both looking forward to __ next week.

A. going on vocation(休假)

B. go on vocation

C. be going on vocation

D. have gone on vocation 12. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun.

A. read

B. reading

C. reader

D. be read 13. You should work tonight instead of _____ TV.

A. to watch

B. you watching

C. you watch

D. watching 14. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects.

A. examining

B. being examined

C. examined

D. examine 15. Mike has got used ___ up late at night. (stay up)

A. to sit

B. X

C. to sitting

D. sitting

16. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before.

A. seeing

B. having been seen

C. seen

D. to see 17. I regret ____ that to her.

A. having said

B. to have said

C. to say

D. X 18. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) ____ others.

A. being infected(感染)

B. infecting C. to infect

D. infected 19.Your clothes need ______.

A. washed

B. to be washed

C. to wash

D. being washed 20. _____ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while ______ provides us with oxygen.

A. To eat; breathing

B. Eating; to breathe

C. Eating; breathing

D. Eaten; breathed 21. You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm.

(辽宁2007) A. walked B. walk

C. to walk

D. walking 22. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ______ the exam.

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(福建2004) A. pass

B. to pass

C. passed

D. passing 23. —Can I smoke here? —Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. (江苏2007) A. people smoking

B. people smoke

C. to smoke

D. smoking 24. It is difficult to imagine his ______ the decision without any consideration.

(陕西2006) A. accept

B. accepting

C. to accept

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D. accepted