Learning about Language教学设计及课堂实录

英语短文改错专题教案

【教学目标】

知识目标：

（1）了解高考短文改错试题结构相对稳定。

即：设置10项判断。其中有去词，加词和改词三项，共10处错误。

（一般情况下，去词和加词各出现一个，其余为改词。）

（2）掌握做短文改错的几种方法。并运用到实际学习中。

能力目标：

（1）要求答题规范，在做题中遵循规范化模式。

（2）充分运用教学改革中使用的预习提纲、学习目标去预习----学习---巩固所学知识。

情感目标：

使学生在愉快中了解学习方法，从而自如、自信的运用所学知识去迎接高考。

【教学方法】

采用问答式、讲练形式、小组活动和个体活动相结合方法。

【教学重难点】

1.重点：短文改错方法中的：动词的混用；虚词的添加与删除，逻辑不清，固定用法的误判等。

2. 难点：正确运用“浏览全文，了解大意。逐句分析，逐句改错。复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查”的解题策略

【教学步骤】

一、短文改错常见考点设置

考点1：名词

命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。

改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份

(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.

例1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.

schoolmates 例2 .They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get marks in all my subject. subjects 例3 .I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.

pictures 例4.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.

advantages 例5.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet. Information

考点2：代词

命题特点：

1.男女性代词用反；

2.单数指代复数；

3.代词词性用错；

4.缺少人称代词。

改正方法:

根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数的一致问题. 例1.Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much.

her 例2.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. their 例3.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. us

考点3：介词

命题特点及改正方法：

介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：

（1）介词的基本用法；

（2）习惯搭配；

记住：介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。

例1.We do not seem to get much time to talk about together. 去掉about或在其后加it 例2.The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home. 改成care of

考点4：时态

命题特点及改正方法：

现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去时，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。

例1.

They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote

do all my time to my studies so that I can make great progress. 例2.

The time passes quickly. Evening came. passed 例3.

She liked it very much and reads it to the class. read 例4.I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.

talk

考点5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不一致

命题特点：

主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。

改正方法：

1）根据句意确定错误；

2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。

例1.

She is smiling at me but nodding at me. and 例2.

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. or 例3.

The food was expensive and the service was good. but 例4.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light. and

考点6：从属连词

命题特点及改正方法：

句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词

(because\so\therefore\though\although\however\either…or\neither…nor\both…and)等。

解答这类题从以下方面来思考：

1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；

2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。

例1.I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. why

考点7：冠词

命题特点及改正方法：

英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：

1）不定冠词a和an互改；

2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；

3）根据需要增删冠词。

例1.As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.

加a 例2.We may be one family and live under a same roof, but--- the

考点8：形容词和副词

命题特点及改正方法：

主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。

1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；

2）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；

3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。

例1.I would describe myself as a shy and quietly girl. quiet 例2.

There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person

information for bad purposes.

personal 例3.

The life of the people in the village has great improved. greatly

例4.

To catch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can.

rapidly 例5.Finding information on the Net is easily.

Easy

考点9：非谓语动词

命题特点及改正方法：

1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；

2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；

3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。

例1.Earning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please. 后面加to 例2.

My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.

前面加to 例3.

Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.

talking 例4.The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless.

making

考点10：关系代词

命题特点改正方法：

1）关系代词和人称代词的错用；

2）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；

3）关系代词遗漏。

例1.She moved to Canada, there he picked up some English. where 例2.

I saw a pretty girl, she came from the US. who 例3.

He’s reading the same book that she did last week. as 例4.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.

去掉it

考点11：主谓一致

命题特点改正方法：

主谓一致性; 第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数; 再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

例1.

She go to school by bike at 6:30 in the morning. goes 例2.

Is there any books on the writing desk?

Were 例3.

Here is the answers to the questions. are

例5.White as well as her parents come from the US. comes

考点12：平行结构

命题特点改正方法：

词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断

例1.Mother is a kind, health, friendly woman in our neighbor.

healthy 例2.

Betty looks pretty, kindly, patient and healthy.

kind 例3.She went to the hospital and pay a visit to her sister.

paid 二、短语改错口诀：

动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；

非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；

句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；

冠词连词常光顾.

三、短语改错小结：

做短文改错应采取六个步骤和三不改

六个步骤：

（1）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。

（2）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。

（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。

（4）逐行修改，先易后难。

（5）复读全文，验证答案。

（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。

三不改：

①标点符号不改。

②大小写不改。

③纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。

四、小练习：

Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.

If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately. 1. about

2. goes

3. 加for

4. classmates 5. try

6. calm

7. the

8. you 9.去掉when

10. or